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Questions and Answers
What is a vulnerability in a security context?
What is a vulnerability in a security context?
Which of the following describes a threat?
Which of the following describes a threat?
What type of attack results in loss of availability of assets?
What type of attack results in loss of availability of assets?
Which attack aims to compromise the confidentiality of information?
Which attack aims to compromise the confidentiality of information?
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What is an example of modification in the context of a security threat?
What is an example of modification in the context of a security threat?
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What type of threat involves the insertion of counterfeit objects in a system?
What type of threat involves the insertion of counterfeit objects in a system?
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Which example best illustrates a threat resulting from human error?
Which example best illustrates a threat resulting from human error?
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What does the term 'attack on integrity' refer to?
What does the term 'attack on integrity' refer to?
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What distinguishes a passive attack from an active attack?
What distinguishes a passive attack from an active attack?
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Which of the following is an example of a passive attack?
Which of the following is an example of a passive attack?
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What is the primary goal of an active attack?
What is the primary goal of an active attack?
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In which form of attack does one party impersonate another entity?
In which form of attack does one party impersonate another entity?
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Which attack involves unauthorized retransmission of captured data?
Which attack involves unauthorized retransmission of captured data?
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What characterizes a denial of service attack?
What characterizes a denial of service attack?
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What was the main consequence of the Colonial Pipeline ransomware attack in 2021?
What was the main consequence of the Colonial Pipeline ransomware attack in 2021?
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What is a fundamental challenge in preventing active attacks?
What is a fundamental challenge in preventing active attacks?
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Which security flaws primarily contributed to the T-Mobile data breach in 2021?
Which security flaws primarily contributed to the T-Mobile data breach in 2021?
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How could the risks associated with the Log4j vulnerability have been mitigated by organizations?
How could the risks associated with the Log4j vulnerability have been mitigated by organizations?
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Which historical incident exemplifies a widespread cyber attack through software compromise?
Which historical incident exemplifies a widespread cyber attack through software compromise?
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What is a key prevention strategy for ransomware attacks in critical infrastructure?
What is a key prevention strategy for ransomware attacks in critical infrastructure?
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What best describes the implications of supply chain vulnerabilities?
What best describes the implications of supply chain vulnerabilities?
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What does the 'C' in the CIA triad stand for?
What does the 'C' in the CIA triad stand for?
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Which of the following best describes 'integrity' in the context of information security?
Which of the following best describes 'integrity' in the context of information security?
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What is a loss of availability in information security?
What is a loss of availability in information security?
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What does non-repudiation ensure in information security?
What does non-repudiation ensure in information security?
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Which of the following is an example of a security attack?
Which of the following is an example of a security attack?
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What role does access control play in information security?
What role does access control play in information security?
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Which of the following mechanisms contributes to maintaining confidentiality?
Which of the following mechanisms contributes to maintaining confidentiality?
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What is the primary function of security mechanisms in information security?
What is the primary function of security mechanisms in information security?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Computer Security
- Gene Spafford, a computer science professor at Purdue University, made a point about the difficulty of securing systems.
Computer Security
- Computer security encompasses measures and controls to safeguard information system assets.
The CIA Triad
- Confidentiality: Protecting information from unauthorized access or disclosure.
- Integrity: Ensuring information remains accurate and unaltered.
- Availability: Guaranteeing timely and reliable access to information.
- Authentication: Verifying a user's identity.
- Non-repudiation: Preventing a party from denying their involvement in an action.
- Authorization: Defining what a user is allowed to do within a system.
Security Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Attacks
- A vulnerability is a weakness in a system that could be exploited.
- A threat is a potential danger that might exploit a vulnerability.
- An attack is a deliberate attempt to bypass security measures and violate system policy.
- Attack examples include interruption of service, interception of information, modification of information, and fabrication of information.
Security Attacks: Classification
- Passive attacks aim to gather information without affecting system resources.
- Active attacks aim to modify system resources or disrupt their operation.
- Types of passive attacks include:
- Release of message content
- Traffic analysis
- Types of active attacks include:
- Masquerade: Impersonating a different entity.
- Replay: Captures and retransmits data units for unauthorized purposes.
- Modification of messages: Altering messages to cause unauthorized effects.
- Denial of service: Preventing or hindering access to communication facilities.
Security in Daily Life
- SolarWinds Hack (2020): Attackers infiltrated multiple government agencies and private corporations by exploiting vulnerabilities in the SolarWinds Orion platform.
- Colonial Pipeline Ransomware Attack (2021): A ransomware attack disrupted a major fuel pipeline, highlighting the impact on critical infrastructure.
- T-Mobile Data Breach (2021): Weak security allowed hackers to access personal data of over 40 million customers.
- Log4j Vulnerability (2021): A widespread vulnerability in the Log4j library allowed attackers to execute arbitrary code.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of computer security, including the principles of the CIA Triad: Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability. It also explores common vulnerabilities, threats, and types of attacks that systems may face. Perfect for anyone looking to understand the essentials of protecting information systems.
