Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of number is represented by 'float' in programming?
What type of number is represented by 'float' in programming?
- Character
- Integer
- Boolean
- Floating point (correct)
The program reads a temperature in Fahrenheit and converts it to Celsius.
The program reads a temperature in Fahrenheit and converts it to Celsius.
False (B)
Which two types of floating point numbers are mentioned?
Which two types of floating point numbers are mentioned?
float and double
In programming, a ______ variable can hold decimal values.
In programming, a ______ variable can hold decimal values.
Match the variable types with their characteristics:
Match the variable types with their characteristics:
What will the variable 's' hold after the execution of the for loop in the provided code?
What will the variable 's' hold after the execution of the for loop in the provided code?
Local variables defined within a function retain their value after the function ends.
Local variables defined within a function retain their value after the function ends.
What type of loop is used to execute a block of code repeatedly while a condition is true?
What type of loop is used to execute a block of code repeatedly while a condition is true?
In the given code, the keyword '_____' is used to define the start of a block of code that will execute repeatedly.
In the given code, the keyword '_____' is used to define the start of a block of code that will execute repeatedly.
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
What is the main difference between 'float' and 'double' data types?
What is the main difference between 'float' and 'double' data types?
The modulo operator % can be used with float data types.
The modulo operator % can be used with float data types.
What will happen if zero is entered during the division input process in a for loop?
What will happen if zero is entered during the division input process in a for loop?
In a do-while loop, the body of the loop is guaranteed to execute at least _______.
In a do-while loop, the body of the loop is guaranteed to execute at least _______.
Match the following loop types to their characteristics:
Match the following loop types to their characteristics:
What is the correct way to store user input as a float variable?
What is the correct way to store user input as a float variable?
Variables in a block have global scope until they are declared.
Variables in a block have global scope until they are declared.
What will be the data type of 'k' in the provided loops for division?
What will be the data type of 'k' in the provided loops for division?
Flashcards
float
float
The C++ data type used to represent numbers that can have a decimal point. It is used for calculations involving fractional values.
Floating-point number
Floating-point number
A type of data representation in a computer that uses a fixed number of bits to store a value. It allows representing a very wide range of numbers, including very small and very large values, but with limited precision.
Conversion formula
Conversion formula
A special mathematical expression used in programming languages to convert a value from one unit of measurement to another.
Input in C++
Input in C++
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Output in C++
Output in C++
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Variable Scope
Variable Scope
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Local Variables
Local Variables
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While Loop
While Loop
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Do-While Loop
Do-While Loop
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Jump Statements
Jump Statements
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double
double
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break
break
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continue
continue
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Study Notes
Introduction to Computer Science
- Course offered by the Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich
- Course code: 252-0032, 252-0047, 252-0058
- Offered in Fall 2024
- Authors: Manuela Fischer and Felix Friedrich
Floating Point Numbers
- Discusses the
floatanddoubletypes and their representation as floating-point numbers on computers - Shows how to represent temperature conversions from Celsius to Fahrenheit.
- Integer division rounds towards zero.
- Using
floattype allows for fractional results. - C++ automatically converts integer values to float in mixed-type expressions.
- Floating-point numbers use a fixed number of significant digits and an exponent for representing numbers.
- There are different representations, some more and some less space-efficient
- Floating-point numbers have a large range, sufficient for most applications.
- The float type has approximately 7 digits for the mantissa and an exponent up to ±38.
- The double type has even 15 digits for the mantissa and an exponent up to ±308 .
- Floating-point literals can have a decimal comma and/or an exponent (scientific notation).
- By default, floating-point literals have the
doubletype. - Special floating-point values include 0, ∞, NaN, and denormalized numbers.
Fixed and Floating Point Numbers
- Fixed-point numbers have a fixed number of digits before and after the decimal point, leading to a smaller range of representable values compared to floating-point numbers.
- Floating-point numbers allow for more flexible representation of a broader range of numbers, but might have gaps in the possible values.
- Floating-point numbers represent a number using a mantissa and an exponent, making the representation more flexible and enabling representation of a wider range of numbers.
Floating Point Numbers in C++
floatanddoublefundamental types approximate real numbers.- Arithmetic operations on floating-point numbers are analogous to integer operations, but division is real-valued (not integer-division).
- In mixed expressions, integers are converted to floating-point numbers.
Floating Point Number Systems
- A floating-point number system uses parameters β (base), p (precision), emin (smallest exponent), and emax(largest exponent) to define the representation of a floating point number.
- Represents numbers in the form ± do.d1...dp-1.Be where do ≠ 0.
- Floating-point numbers are not contiguous; there are holes in the value range.
IEEE Standard 754
- Defines floating-point number systems and their rounding behavior.
- Defines single and double precision floating point types, float and double, with specific bit configurations for the mantissa, exponent, and sign.
Floating Point Rules
- Avoid comparing floating-point numbers for exact equality. Use a small tolerance instead.
- Avoid adding floating-point numbers with very different magnitudes, as the smaller number might get lost in the calculation.
- Avoid subtracting floating-point numbers with very similar magnitudes to avoid cancellation errors.
- Converting between decimal and binary representations can lead to issues, as some decimal fractions cannot be precisely represented in binary.
- The order of operations in calculations involving floating point types can affect the results with different results based on the order of execution.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of floating point numbers as defined in the Introduction to Computer Science course. It explores the representation of float and double types, temperature conversions, and the behavior of integer division in C++. Learn about the precision and range of floating-point representations used in computer applications.
