Introduction to Computer Graphics

Study Notes

Computer graphics is a field focused on the creation, manipulation, and rendering of visual content using computers.
Common types of computer graphics include: digital images, animation, interactive videos, digital illustration, digital painting, and AI-generated art.

Raster Files: Images built from pixels. More pixels equate to higher image quality.
- File types: jpg, png, gif
- Advantages: attention to detail, precise editing, wide compatibility.
- Disadvantages: limited resolution, large file size, printing issues.
Vector Files: Use mathematical equations, lines, and curves with fixed points on a grid. Mathematical recalibration allows for resizing without quality loss.
- File types: svg, AI, Encapsulated PostScript
- Advantages: infinite resolution, lighter file sizes, numerous design features.
- Disadvantages: Compatibility issues, conversion difficulties.

Graphic design is the art of composing visual elements like typography, images, colors, and shapes to communicate information effectively.
Graphic artists use their artistic and technical expertise to create visual communication.

Brand & visual identity design: Establishing brand guidelines for consistent visual representation across all materials.
Marketing Design: Creating graphics for marketing initiatives such as social media campaigns, email marketing, posters, and print ads.
Illustration Design: Communicating ideas and narratives through images. Applications include children's books, websites, artwork, and advertising.
Type design: Specializing in creating or selecting typography, typefaces, or fonts. This includes creating custom lettering and typography guidelines.
Infographic Design: Presenting large amounts of information in a visually appealing and easily digestible format.
Textile & surface design: Creating designs for fabrics, wallpapers, carpets, and furniture. Requires expertise in color theory, patterns, and hierarchy.
Editorial or publication design: Focusing on print and digital publications like books, magazines, newspapers, brochures, and newsletters.
Motion design: Transforming static graphics into captivating motion graphics. Examples include title sequences, animations, explainer videos, and lower thirds.

Hierarchy: Creating visual hierarchy through elements like scale, guiding the viewer's attention.
Contrast: Emphasizing elements and calling for attention through differences in color, size, or texture.
Alignment: Ensuring each element on a page has a specific visual weight based on color, size, or texture.
Repetition or Pattern: Creating visual interest, impact, and movement through repetitive elements. Regular patterns foster a sense of order and familiarity.
Whitespace: Creating breathing room and guiding the viewer's eye to important elements through strategic whitespace usage.
Typography: Utilizing serif and sans-serif fonts effectively to achieve project objectives.
- Typeface: Style of lettering.
- Font: Variations of a typeface, like size and weight.
Proportion: The relationship between elements in a design, particularly their size and scale.

Inkscape developed by Bryan Harrington in 2003.
Free and open-source vector drawing application available for Windows, MacOS, and Linux.
The tools and features are comprehensive, suitable for various design projects.