Podcast
Questions and Answers
What phrase encapsulates Marshall McLuhan's perspective on media?
What phrase encapsulates Marshall McLuhan's perspective on media?
What is a significant change brought about by digitalisation and convergence in media?
What is a significant change brought about by digitalisation and convergence in media?
According to the content, how does society influence media development?
According to the content, how does society influence media development?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between media and business?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between media and business?
Signup and view all the answers
What concept is essential to understanding how newsworthiness is determined?
What concept is essential to understanding how newsworthiness is determined?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a characteristic of new media described in the content?
Which of the following is a characteristic of new media described in the content?
Signup and view all the answers
What role do financial backers play in media content according to the second law of journalism?
What role do financial backers play in media content according to the second law of journalism?
Signup and view all the answers
What exemplifies the globalized influence on local media?
What exemplifies the globalized influence on local media?
Signup and view all the answers
What ethical consideration is highlighted regarding the posting of sensitive images on social media?
What ethical consideration is highlighted regarding the posting of sensitive images on social media?
Signup and view all the answers
Which aspect is NOT mentioned as a category of media in relation to Maltese society?
Which aspect is NOT mentioned as a category of media in relation to Maltese society?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a potential impact of the disappearance of all forms of media?
What is a potential impact of the disappearance of all forms of media?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement reflects a belief about the relationship between technology and communication?
Which statement reflects a belief about the relationship between technology and communication?
Signup and view all the answers
Why might young people prefer new media over traditional media?
Why might young people prefer new media over traditional media?
Signup and view all the answers
What question does the concept of 'The Global Village' raise about modern society?
What question does the concept of 'The Global Village' raise about modern society?
Signup and view all the answers
What principle defines the ethical responsibility of media professionals according to the discussed content?
What principle defines the ethical responsibility of media professionals according to the discussed content?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common misconception regarding the cost of platforms like Facebook and Instagram?
What is a common misconception regarding the cost of platforms like Facebook and Instagram?
Signup and view all the answers
What do Fishman and Tuchman argue regarding the nature of newsworthiness?
What do Fishman and Tuchman argue regarding the nature of newsworthiness?
Signup and view all the answers
What contrast exists between market-driven journalism and normative journalism?
What contrast exists between market-driven journalism and normative journalism?
Signup and view all the answers
How do Croteau and Hoynes view the gap between media and reality?
How do Croteau and Hoynes view the gap between media and reality?
Signup and view all the answers
What is implied by the statement that media effects involve change?
What is implied by the statement that media effects involve change?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect of society is commonly normalized by media, according to the content?
What aspect of society is commonly normalized by media, according to the content?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the phrase 'journalism of attachment' contrast with?
What does the phrase 'journalism of attachment' contrast with?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement best describes the influence of media on audiences?
Which statement best describes the influence of media on audiences?
Signup and view all the answers
What is suggested about journalists' attitudes towards events?
What is suggested about journalists' attitudes towards events?
Signup and view all the answers
Which ethical issue involves misleading information for journalistic gain?
Which ethical issue involves misleading information for journalistic gain?
Signup and view all the answers
What approach is suggested for analyzing ethical dilemmas in media?
What approach is suggested for analyzing ethical dilemmas in media?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of the Maltese population listened to radio in 2022?
What percentage of the Maltese population listened to radio in 2022?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main role of the Broadcasting Authority in Malta?
What is the main role of the Broadcasting Authority in Malta?
Signup and view all the answers
Which platform had the highest reported usage among Maltesers for news in 2021?
Which platform had the highest reported usage among Maltesers for news in 2021?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a distinctive feature of media ownership in Malta?
What is a distinctive feature of media ownership in Malta?
Signup and view all the answers
As of 2022, what percentage of the Maltese population used social media daily?
As of 2022, what percentage of the Maltese population used social media daily?
Signup and view all the answers
Which media type experienced a lower success rate in Malta compared to commercial radio?
Which media type experienced a lower success rate in Malta compared to commercial radio?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the concept of agenda setting imply about media influence?
What does the concept of agenda setting imply about media influence?
Signup and view all the answers
According to the spiral of silence theory, what often prevents individuals from expressing minority views?
According to the spiral of silence theory, what often prevents individuals from expressing minority views?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main premise of cultivation theory?
What is the main premise of cultivation theory?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes ethical media according to the provided content?
What characterizes ethical media according to the provided content?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary strength of mass media in the diffusion of innovations?
What is the primary strength of mass media in the diffusion of innovations?
Signup and view all the answers
Which media theory suggests that audiences see only what they want to see?
Which media theory suggests that audiences see only what they want to see?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect of ethical media aims to protect against misinformation?
What aspect of ethical media aims to protect against misinformation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which stage of interpersonal communication is typically strong in persuasion during the diffusion of innovations?
Which stage of interpersonal communication is typically strong in persuasion during the diffusion of innovations?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Introduction to Communication
- Presentation by Dr. Joseph Borg
- Date: October 2024
Questions Before Introduction
- After Daphne Caruana Galizia's assassination, photos of her body parts were posted on social media. Was this ethical?
- Why weren't these photos published in newspapers or on TV?
Technological Impact & Social Media
- Did parents of the current generation take selfies?
- Does it make sense to converse with virtual friends while physically with others?
- Can a person live without a smart phone?
Media Products and Audiences
- Do media products exist for their audiences?
- Are Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok free?
- Does Google give users what they want to see on the web?
Media in Malta vs. Overseas
- Why do young people prefer new media over traditional media?
- Are media organizations in Malta similar to organizations overseas?
Media Influence on Individuals
- Are individuals influenced by media?
Media and Court Cases
- Is it right to name and show photos of people accused in court?
Media, Culture, and Society
- Media as technologies, structures, and content
- Role of media in Maltese society
- Ethics in media (beyond journalistic ethics—doing what's right, not just what's convenient)
Media as Technologies
- What would happen if the internet and social media disappeared?
- What happens if TV and radio disappear?
- What happens if print technology disappears?
- What is a day without technology?
Image and Likeness on Smart Phones
- How are images and likenesses of our smart phones?
- What if Moses had a laptop instead of tablets on Mount Sinai?
- Key idea of Innis: content's form matters more than the words themselves.
A Day Without Technology
- YouTube video link provided
Media Technologies (McLuhan)
- "The Global Village" — Is it really a village?
- "The medium is the message" — McLuhan
Changes Linked to New Media
- Digitalisation and convergence
- Increased interactivity and network connectivity
- Mobility and delocation of sending and receiving
- Adaptation of publication and audience roles
Norms and Conventions on New Media
- Norms on the internet, new media, and new organizations
- More informal mechanisms
- New languages
- Emoticons
- Different platforms with unique characteristics and audiences
- Potential for abuse (e.g., Cambridge Analytica)
Media and Other Structures (e.g. Economy, Politics)
- Media are one structure among many (economy, politics, education, culture)
Society's Influence on Media
- Political system
- Economy and industry
- Religion and culture
- Laws and education
Media Systems (USA vs. N. Korea)
- Comparison of media systems
Globalized Society and Media
- Imported programs
- Copied genres
- Foreign world views
Media as Businesses
- Ownership and financing (commercial, non-profit, public service, state-owned)
- Responsibility beyond business
Media's Special Responsibilities
- Influence values
- Symbolic universe
- Essential part of a democracy
- Altschull idea: "those who finance the media" determine media content
Media Content Types
- News
- Opinion
- Entertainment
- Advertising
- Advocacy
What is Newsworthiness?
- Is news objectivity inherent, or constructed?
- News construction is based on journalist conventions & organizational needs
The Manufacture of News
- Journalism's procedures affect news selection
Newsworthiness as Socially Constructed
- News is not inherent but attached to events by journalists
Market-Driven vs. Normative Journalism
- Citizens should be aware of this difference
Dogs and Lampposts
- Satirical statement on media's treatment of figures in power
Advertising and Consumer Culture
- Celebrates consumerism
- Normalizes capitalist lifestyles
- Ignores collective values
Media Representation and Reality
- Media do not always represent reality
- "Fantasy" elements within media have potential to teach about society
- Stereotyping
Media Influence
- Effects on audiences
- Audiences: servants or bosses? active or passive?
Effects of Media
-
Strength or weakness of an effect relies on the media's pervasiveness and credibility, extent and uniformity of the coverage and level of opposite opinion. Media effects depend on the audience's capacity for critical thinking and the degree to which a certain stance is entrenched within society.
-
How widespread is media coverage and how uniform is it with other media?
-
The volume of opinions for or against particular stances
-
How well developed is critical reasoning in the audience?
Other Media Theories
- Two-step flow (example)
- Selective exposure (example)
- Hypodermic model (example)
- Uses and gratifications (example)
- Reception theories (example)
Diffusion of Innovations
- Mass media's strength in disseminating information
- Strength varies at different levels of adoption
Interpersonal Communication and Diffusion
- Importance of persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation stages
Agenda-Setting Theory
- Media influence the public's perception of important issues, and importance assigned to certain issues.
- Combs and Shaw (1976) theory
Spiral of Silence
- Avoiding isolation by adjusting one's opinions to societal norms and expectations
- Noelle-Neumann (1991)
Cultivation Theory
- Mass media's impact on shaping public attitudes and values
- George Gerbner's theory
Reception Theory
- YouTube video link provided
Media Ethics
- Ethics guarantee media quality
- Ethical decisions are reasoned
- Media ethics enhance human dignity
- Ethics give a voice to the voiceless.
Further Media Ethics
- Serving humans not capital
- Promoting international solidarity
- Serving common good
- Protecting rights to information and privacy
- Accurate and truthful, not sensational
- Not propagating stereotypes
- Dependent on journalists, producers, and audiences
Course Structure
- Different ethical theories
- Holistic approach (Potter's Box)
- Relationship between law and media ethics
Content Concerning Issues
- Truth and accuracy
- Deceit and entrapment
- Privacy
- Editorial and advertising ethics
- Entertainment ethics
- Audience ethics.
Maltese Media
- Media ownership by political parties and other institutions
- Widespread use of Facebook and social media
- Prevalence of commercial radio stations
- Absence of dominant commercial TV
- Presence of foreign media
Number of Media Stations in Malta
- 13 national FM radio stations (with others on digital platforms)
- Numerous community radio stations
- Several TV stations on the GIO platform and teleshopping stations
Media Usage in Malta
- Data on printed newspapers (8%)
- Usage of news websites (72%)
- Use of magazines (7%)
- Radio listening (50%)
- TV viewing (69% on TV, 31% online)
Media Usage in Malta (Internet & Social Media)
- Internet and FB usage very high (95% daily)
- Facebook's everyday usage (71%)
- YouTube usage (51%)
- Smart phone usage (87%)
###Preferred Media Sources
- Links news portals on FB
- Television
- Radio
- Online newspapers
- Facebook friends
- Other people
Regulators
- Broadcasting Authority rules the content sector
- Communications Authority regulates networks and services
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the nuances of communication in today's media landscape through this quiz. Delve into ethical challenges, the influence of social media, and the comparison of media in Malta and overseas. Engage with thought-provoking questions regarding the impact of technology on personal interactions and societal norms.
