Introduction to Biopsychology
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Questions and Answers

Which research area would MOST likely explore how variations in serotonin transporter genes correlate with an individual's susceptibility to depression?

  • Behavior genetics (correct)
  • Neuropsychology
  • Physiological psychology
  • Psychopharmacology

After a car accident, a patient exhibits difficulty in understanding spoken language, though their ability to speak remains intact. Which area of biopsychology is BEST suited to investigate this condition?

  • Neuropsychology (correct)
  • Comparative psychology
  • Cognitive neuroscience
  • Physiological psychology

A researcher aims to understand how the administration of a novel drug impacts spatial memory performance in rats by directly injecting the substance into the hippocampus. Which approach is being used?

  • Psychopharmacology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Cognitive neuroscience
  • Physiological psychology (correct)

What distinguishes biopsychology from the broader field of neuroscience?

<p>Biopsychology focuses specifically on the biological basis of psychological phenomena. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A scientist is examining how early life stress can lead to changes in gene expression that increase the risk of anxiety disorders in adulthood, without altering the DNA sequence itself. Which field of study is MOST relevant to this research?

<p>Epigenetics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a stressful situation, such as narrowly avoiding a car accident, which branch of the autonomic nervous system is MOST likely to become dominant?

<p>Sympathetic nervous system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate resting membrane potential of a neuron when it is not actively signaling?

<p>-70mV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a neuron is primarily responsible for receiving signals from other neurons?

<p>Dendrites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which brain structure acts as a central relay station for incoming sensory information before it is directed to the cerebral cortex?

<p>Thalamus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A researcher is investigating the effects of a new drug on spatial memory. Which neuroimaging technique would be most suitable for observing real-time changes in brain activity during a spatial navigation task?

<p>fMRI (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is most directly associated with the regulation of mood, sleep, and appetite?

<p>Serotonin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Damage to the occipital lobe would most likely result in:

<p>Difficulty processing visual information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person is having difficulty forming new long-term memories after brain damage. Which brain structure is most likely affected?

<p>Hippocampus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which research method is most suitable for determining the relative contributions of genetics and environment on a specific trait?

<p>Twin studies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cerebellum?

<p>Coordinating movement and balance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of the amygdala in emotional processing?

<p>Processing fear and aggression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neuroimaging technique provides the best temporal resolution for measuring brain activity?

<p>EEG (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the frontal lobe?

<p>Planning and decision-making (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person reports difficulty sensing temperature and touch. Which area of the brain is most likely affected?

<p>Parietal lobe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hair cells in the auditory system?

<p>Converting sound waves into electrical signals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of long-term potentiation (LTP)?

<p>A long-lasting strengthening of synaptic connections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the hypothalamus?

<p>Regulating motivated behaviors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of sleep is most associated with vivid dreaming and muscle atonia?

<p>REM sleep (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Biopsychology

The study of the biological basis of behavior and mental processes.

Neuroscience vs. Biopsychology

Broader field studying the nervous system; biopsychology focuses on the biological basis of psychological phenomena.

Physiological Psychology

Studies the neural mechanisms of behavior through direct brain manipulation.

Psychopharmacology

Examines how drugs affect the brain and behavior.

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Evolutionary Psychology

Studies how evolutionary principles explain human behavior.

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Central Nervous System (CNS)

The brain and spinal cord.

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Somatic Nervous System

Controls voluntary movements.

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Resting Membrane Potential

Neuron's electrical charge difference when not actively signaling (approx. -70mV).

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Action Potentials

Rapid, brief reversals of the membrane potential that transmit signals down the axon.

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Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers released into the synapse; transmit signals between neurons.

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Brainstem

Controls basic life functions like breathing and heart rate.

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Cerebellum

Involved in motor coordination, balance, and motor skill learning.

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Thalamus

Relay station for sensory information.

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Hypothalamus

Regulates motivated behaviors like hunger, thirst, and body temperature.

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Limbic System

Involved in emotion, memory, and motivation.

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Cerebral Cortex

Outer layer of the brain; responsible for higher-level cognitive functions.

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Frontal Lobe

Involved in planning, decision-making, and working memory.

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Parietal Lobe

Processes sensory information like touch, temperature, and pain.

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Temporal Lobe

Involved in auditory processing, memory, and language.

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Occipital Lobe

Responsible for visual processing.

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fMRI

Detects changes in blood flow to measure brain activity; good spatial resolution.

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Sensation

The process by which sensory receptors detect stimuli from the environment

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Perception

The process by which the brain organizes and interprets sensory information.

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Description

Explore biopsychology, the study of the biological substrates of behavior and mental processes. This interdisciplinary field integrates biology, psychology, and neuroscience. Understand how the brain, nervous system, and other biological factors influence our thoughts, feelings, and actions.

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