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Questions and Answers
What type of elements make up binary molecular compounds?
What type of elements make up binary molecular compounds?
Which prefix is commonly omitted when naming the first element if there is only one atom present?
Which prefix is commonly omitted when naming the first element if there is only one atom present?
How is the second element in a binary molecular compound named?
How is the second element in a binary molecular compound named?
What type of bond is formed between the nonmetals in binary molecular compounds?
What type of bond is formed between the nonmetals in binary molecular compounds?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a binary molecular compound?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a binary molecular compound?
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What is the correct name for the compound CO₂?
What is the correct name for the compound CO₂?
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What prefix would be used to indicate two atoms of an element in a binary molecular compound?
What prefix would be used to indicate two atoms of an element in a binary molecular compound?
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In the compound N₂O, what is the correct name?
In the compound N₂O, what is the correct name?
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When naming binary molecular compounds, how is the first element's name treated if there are multiple atoms?
When naming binary molecular compounds, how is the first element's name treated if there are multiple atoms?
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Which of the following correctly describes the bonding in binary molecular compounds?
Which of the following correctly describes the bonding in binary molecular compounds?
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What is the prefix used for two atoms of an element in a molecular compound?
What is the prefix used for two atoms of an element in a molecular compound?
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What is the correct name for the compound N₂O₅?
What is the correct name for the compound N₂O₅?
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Which of the following formulas corresponds to phosphorus pentachloride?
Which of the following formulas corresponds to phosphorus pentachloride?
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Which prefix signifies seven atoms of an element in a molecular compound?
Which prefix signifies seven atoms of an element in a molecular compound?
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In the name 'dihydrogen sulfide', how many hydrogen atoms are indicated?
In the name 'dihydrogen sulfide', how many hydrogen atoms are indicated?
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Which of the following is a common name for H₂O?
Which of the following is a common name for H₂O?
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What is the correct name for the compound CO?
What is the correct name for the compound CO?
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What is the chemical formula for diphosphorus pentasulfide?
What is the chemical formula for diphosphorus pentasulfide?
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When a prefix ends with an 'o' and is followed by a vowel in an element's name, what typically happens?
When a prefix ends with an 'o' and is followed by a vowel in an element's name, what typically happens?
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Which of the following compounds is named sulfur hexafluoride?
Which of the following compounds is named sulfur hexafluoride?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Naming and Formulas for Binary Molecular Compounds
- Binary molecular compounds consist of two nonmetal elements, forming covalent bonds through shared electrons.
- Examples include water (H₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂).
Naming Binary Molecular Compounds
- The first element's name remains unchanged, with a prefix indicating the number of atoms (except for 'mono-', which is omitted).
- The second element adds '-ide' to the root name, with a prefix indicating the number of atoms.
- Prefixes like 'di-', 'tri-', 'tetra-', etc., denote the number of atoms, up to 'deca-'.
- Examples: CO₂ is named carbon dioxide, while N₂O₄ is called dinitrogen tetroxide.
Writing Formulas for Binary Molecular Compounds
- Identify the elements in the compound based on the name.
- Determine the number of atoms per element using the prefixes.
- Write the first element's symbol followed by a subscript for its number of atoms, then repeat for the second element.
- Examples: Dihydrogen monoxide (H₂O), Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄), Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl₅).
Common Pitfalls and Special Cases
- The prefix 'mono-' is omitted from the first element if only one atom exists (e.g., carbon monoxide).
- Sometimes, the final 'o' or 'a' of prefixes is dropped when followed by a vowel to improve pronunciation (e.g., 'monoxide' instead of 'monooxide').
- Traditional names exist for certain compounds, such as 'water' (H₂O), 'ammonia' (NH₃), and 'methane' (CH₄).
Summary and Review
- Mastering naming and writing formulas for binary molecular compounds is crucial in chemistry.
- Familiarity with prefixes and their corresponding number of atoms is vital.
- It's essential to recognize common exceptions and special cases.
Further Exploration:
- Investigate polarity in molecular compounds, considering electronegativity differences.
- Learn about molecular geometry and its influence on a molecule's shape and properties.
- Explore intermolecular forces and their impact on physical properties like boiling and melting points.
- Expanding your knowledge of binary molecular compounds provides a strong foundation for further chemistry studies.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of binary molecular compounds, which are formed from two nonmetals through covalent bonding. Learn the rules for naming these compounds and writing their formulas effectively with helpful examples. Test your understanding of prefixes and the conventions used in molecular chemistry.
