Introduction to Applied Linguistics

What is Applied Linguistics?

• Applied linguistics is a branch of linguistics that applies linguistic theories, methods, and findings to solve language-related problems.
• It involves the use of knowledge about language to improve the efficiency of practical tasks.

History of Applied Linguistics

• The term "Applied Linguistics" was first used at the University of Edinburgh School of Applied Linguistics in 1956.
• It was also used at the Center of Applied Linguistics in Washington D.C. in 1957.
• Applied Linguistics was initially based on theoretical linguistics but later broadened to include many sciences, such as sociology, psychology, and mathematics.

Definitions of Applied Linguistics

• Applied Linguistics is the utilization of knowledge about language to improve the efficiency of practical tasks (Corder, 1974).
• It is a branch of linguistics that applies linguistic theories, methods, and findings to solve language-related problems (Crystal, 1985).
• It is a multidisciplinary approach to solving language-related problems (Strevens, 1992).

Aim of Applied Linguistic Studies

• The study of second language and foreign language learning and teaching.
• Investigating problems related to language learning and teaching.
• Finding practical solutions to these problems.

Importance of Applied Linguistics

• Applied Linguistics is crucial for solving language-related problems.
• Language is essential to human life and communication.
• The study of applied linguistics helps people understand language use, organize and formalize knowledge, and subject it to rational consideration and critical analysis.

Questions Asked by Applied Linguists

• How can languages best be learned and taught?
• What social factors affect language learning?
• How can technology be used to improve language teaching and learning?
• What are the related problems associated with language disorders?
• How can these be prevented?

Major Branches of Applied Linguistics

• Bilingualism and multilingualism
• Lexicography
• Literacies
• Second language acquisition
• Language assessment
• Contrastive linguistics
• Discourse analysis
• Conversation analysis
• Translation
• Language pedagogy
• Pragmatics
• Computer-mediated communication (CMC)
• Language planning and policies

Areas Related to Applied Linguistics

• Speech therapy
• Lexicography and dictionary making
• Translation
• Language policy and planning
• Language teaching
• CALL (Computer-Assisted Language Learning)

Conclusion

• Applied Linguistics has become an independent and mature discipline since the 1960s.
• It is an interdisciplinary field that applies related fields to foreign language education.
• It is process-oriented, focusing on the internal structure or cognitive aspects of the learner.

Learn about the branch of linguistics that applies linguistic theories, methods, and findings to explain language problems in other areas of experience. Discover the history of the term 'Applied Linguistics' and its origins.