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Questions and Answers
What is the process through which language is learned and passed down from one generation to another?
What is the process through which language is learned and passed down from one generation to another?
What is the term for the ability of speakers of different dialects to understand each other?
What is the term for the ability of speakers of different dialects to understand each other?
What is the term for the vocabulary of a language or dialect?
What is the term for the vocabulary of a language or dialect?
What contributes to the formation of one's identity in a particular region or social community?
What contributes to the formation of one's identity in a particular region or social community?
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What is the term for a particular form or variety of a language spoken by a specific group of people within a geographical or social community?
What is the term for a particular form or variety of a language spoken by a specific group of people within a geographical or social community?
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What can influence the classification of linguistic varieties?
What can influence the classification of linguistic varieties?
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What is the primary focus of Applied Linguistics?
What is the primary focus of Applied Linguistics?
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Which branch of Applied Linguistics studies the relationship between language and society?
Which branch of Applied Linguistics studies the relationship between language and society?
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What is the primary concern of Language Education/Learning in Applied Linguistics?
What is the primary concern of Language Education/Learning in Applied Linguistics?
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What is the term for the ability to refer to things, events, and ideas that are not present in the immediate context or time?
What is the term for the ability to refer to things, events, and ideas that are not present in the immediate context or time?
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What is the switching of languages or language varieties in a single conversation or text?
What is the switching of languages or language varieties in a single conversation or text?
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What is the type of code-switching that occurs at sentence boundaries?
What is the type of code-switching that occurs at sentence boundaries?
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What is the term for a complex and abstract system of communication used by humans to convey feelings, express thoughts, and interact with others?
What is the term for a complex and abstract system of communication used by humans to convey feelings, express thoughts, and interact with others?
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When did language teaching become a recognized profession?
When did language teaching become a recognized profession?
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Study Notes
Applied Linguistics vs Linguistics
- Linguistics is the scientific study of language.
- Applied Linguistics identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems.
Scope of Applied Linguistics
- Language and Teaching: covers methods of language teaching.
- Language and Society: also known as sociolinguistics, studies the relationship between society and language.
- Language Education/Learning: explains first language education and additional language education (e.g. second language education).
- Language, Work and Law: explains communication in the workplace, language planning, and forensic linguistics.
- Language, Information and Effect: studies literary stylistics, critical discourse analysis, translation and interpretation, information design, and lexicography.
Applied Linguistics in the 20th Century
- Language teaching became a profession in the 20th century.
Code Switching
- Occurs in societies to make communication more effective and meaningful.
- Types of Code-switching:
- Inter-Sentential: language switch at sentence boundaries (e.g. words or phrases at the beginning or end of a sentence).
- Intra-Sentential: language shift in the middle of a sentence, without interruptions or pauses.
- Extra-Sentential or Tag Switching: switching of a single word or tag phrase from one language to another.
Language vs Dialect
- Language: a complex and abstract system of communication used by humans to convey feelings, express thoughts, and interact with others.
- Displacement: allows speakers to refer to things, events, and ideas not present in the immediate context or time.
- Cultural Transmission: language is learned and passed down from one generation to another through social interactions and cultural processes.
- Grammar: language has a set of rules and structures governing the formation of words, sentences, and meaning.
- Multilingualism: many people are proficient in more than one language, referring to multilingualism and language contact situations.
Characteristics of Dialect Variation
- Regional or Social Identity: dialects are linked to a specific region or group of people, contributing to the formation of one's identity.
- Mutual Intelligibility: ability of speakers of different dialects to understand each other.
- Grammar: encompasses the rules and structures governing the formation of words, sentences, and meaning.
- Lexical Differences: lexicon refers to the vocabulary of a language or dialect.
- Writing Systems: the presence of distinct writing systems can influence the classification of linguistic varieties.
- Standardization and Codification: existence of a standardized form with codified grammar, spelling, and vocabulary can contribute to the classification of a variety of a language.
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Description
Distinguish between linguistics and applied linguistics, including the scope of applied linguistics in language teaching, society, and education.
