Introduction to Anthropology

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of anthropology according to the goals outlined?

To develop government policies

To study the effects of culture on government systems

To analyze international politics

To describe and analyze the biological evolution of humanity (correct)

Which aspect of culture is emphasized in the definition provided?

Shared attitudes and beliefs (correct)

Religious practices

Economic systems

Political ideology

What is one of the goals of political science mentioned?

To immerse in current affairs (correct)

To discover cultural similarities

To produce new knowledge of human behavior

To analyze biological diversity

Who is recognized as the father of modern Philippine painting?

Victorio C. Edades Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the Japan-Philippines Friendship Garden?

It was unveiled on January 23, 1984 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following works highlights the use of inexpensive local materials?

The Builders Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant celebration mentioned in Dagupan City?

International Museum Day Signup and view all the answers

What type of research is anthropology NOT focused on?

Anthropogenic climate change Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of anthropology?

The study of human beings and their ancestors. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the goals of political science?

To make people better citizens. Signup and view all the answers

Which field of anthropology focuses on the study of human origins and development?

Biological or physical anthropology. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of ethnography in anthropology?

It allows for participant observation over extended periods. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes linguistic anthropology?

The study of language and its social connections. Signup and view all the answers

What does cultural anthropology primarily examine?

The traditions, beliefs, and practices of living people. Signup and view all the answers

How does political science aim to protect individual rights?

By creating laws and systems for governance. Signup and view all the answers

What ancient civilization is recognized for its foundational contributions to political science?

The ancient Greeks. Signup and view all the answers

What does anthropology primarily focus on?

Understanding unique cultural practices among societies Signup and view all the answers

Which city is known as the 'Queen City of the South'?

Cebu City Signup and view all the answers

Who is recognized as a prominent American anthropologist known for historical particularism?

Franz Boas Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of sociology?

Patterns of social interactions and human behavior Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'sibu' refer to in the context of Cebu City?

Trade Signup and view all the answers

What major influence shapes the study of anthropology in America?

The works of Franz Boas Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT typically studied in history?

Human behavior in societies Signup and view all the answers

Which city is referred to as the 'King City of the South'?

Davao City Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT mentioned as a significant reason for cultural variations?

Globalization Signup and view all the answers

What does cultural variation primarily refer to?

The diversity of social behaviors exhibited by various cultures Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of sociology mentioned?

Develop technological tools for social research Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the definition of culture?

Beliefs, values, and laws among other elements Signup and view all the answers

What does social change refer to?

The alteration of society over time and interactions Signup and view all the answers

In which context is the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) relevant?

Agricultural advancements and contributions Signup and view all the answers

Who was Fidel V. Ramos?

The 12th president of the Philippines Signup and view all the answers

What does 'social difference' refer to?

Dissimilarities based on social characteristics and qualities Signup and view all the answers

What does Historical Particularism emphasize in understanding cultures?

Each group has a unique culture influenced by its history and environment. Signup and view all the answers

Which belief system focuses on the purpose of cultural elements and practices?

Anthropological Functionalism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following values refers to the significance we give to people in our lives?

Halaga Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of norms in society?

They are considered accepted standard behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

Which Filipino value aspect relates to one's honor and emotions?

Damdamin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a principle of the Halaga value system?

Kapwa Signup and view all the answers

Cultural Materialism asserts that culture is influenced by which of the following factors?

Technological advancements and resources Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Diwa' signify in Filipino culture?

The inner self and reasoning Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anthropology

Derived from the Latin term “anthropologia,” meaning the study of humanity.
Rooted in the Greek word "anthropos," which translates to "human being."
Explores human beings and their ancestors in relation to physical attributes, environment, social relations, and culture.
Ethnography is a research method used by anthropologists involving long-term participant observation.

Fields of Anthropology

Biological or Physical Anthropology: Studies human origins through genetics, race, evolution, fossils, and primates.
Cultural Anthropology: Examines living societies, including their religions, languages, and traditions.
Linguistic Anthropology: Focuses on the evolution of language and its connections to societies.
Archaeology: Investigates material remains from past human activities, analyzing social systems and cultural elements.

Anthropology Goals

Identify commonalities and differences among cultures.
Generate new knowledge about humanity’s behavior and diversity.
Understand both biological evolution and cultural development.

Political Science

Systematic study of government, politics, and political power.
Emphasizes political theory, philosophy, ideologies, public management, human rights, and international relations.
Originated from ancient Greek thought.

Goals of Political Science

Enhance citizen engagement and awareness.
Maintain social order and harmony among groups.
Safeguard individual rights and promote cooperation.

Sociology

Analyzes society, social interactions, and the effects of human behavior.
Originates from the French word “sociologie,” meaning "companionship."

Culture

Encompasses beliefs, languages, food, and practices shared within a community.
Cultural variation arises from distinct behaviors exhibited by different cultures.

Significant Reasons for Cultural Variations

Environment: Inhabitants adapt to local conditions for survival.
Isolation: Societies that minimize interaction develop unique cultural traits.
Technology: Availability of tools influences social interactions and values.

Society consists of groups sharing laws, rights, and resources.
Social differences highlight dissimilarities among individuals based on characteristics.
Social change refers to the transformation of society and human interaction over time.

Filipino Value Systems

Halaga (Value): Represents the importance given to relationships, encapsulating self-worth and compassion.
Asal (Behavior): Evident in interpersonal conduct, emphasizing emotional bonds and honor.
Diwa (Spirit): Pertains to the inner self, intertwining emotion and reason.

Norms

Norms are accepted standards of behavior within society.
Laws regulate conduct, representing formalized norms ratified by the government.

Historical Context

Historical particularism emphasizes that each society has a unique cultural history shaped by various influences.
Major contributors to anthropology include Franz Boas, who focused on human culture and historical particularism.

Cities of Interest

Davao City: Known as the king city of the south and for its durian production.
Baguio City: Highlighted as the summer capital of the Philippines, known for its rich cultural landscape and urban planning by Daniel Hudson Burnham.
Cebu City: Recognized as the oldest city, originally a Spanish settlement, foundational for trade in the Philippines.
Dagupan City: Identified as the Bangus Capital with notable historical sites and cultural heritage.

Prominent Figures

Fidel V. Ramos: The 12th President of the Philippines, born on March 18, 1928.
Victorio C. Edades: National artist known as the father of modern Philippine painting.
Leonora Rivera: Historical figure noted as Rizal's greatest love.

International Relations

The study of interactions between nations, focusing on governance and foreign policies in a globalized context.

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Description

This quiz covers the fundamentals of anthropology, exploring its definitions, various fields, and research methods such as ethnography. Dive into the dynamic study of human beings, their cultures, and the diverse elements that define societies. Perfect for beginners and those looking to refresh their knowledge in this fascinating field.