Introduction au système nerveux central

A type of graded potential that makes a neuron less likely to fire an action potential.

The part of a neuron where action potentials are generated.

A change in membrane potential that varies in size, depending on the strength of the stimulus.

Postsynaptic potential that increases the likelihood of an action potential

Postsynaptic potential that decreases the likelihood of an action potential.

Branch-like extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.

A specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses.

Rapid change in the membrane potential that travels along the axon.

A cellular process where molecules/particles are released outside the cell using vesicles that fuse with the cell membrane.

Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses.

The gap between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released.

Change in membrane potential in a neuron due to neurotransmitter binding.

Postsynaptic potential that increases the likelihood of a neuron firing an action potential.

Postsynaptic potential that decrease the likelihood of a neuron firing an action potential

Methods (enzymatic degradation, reuptake) to remove neurotransmitters from synaptic cleft

End of the axon where neurotransmitters are released into the synapse.

Membrane-bound sacs that store and release neurotransmitters.

Process of transferring signals between neurons.

Rapide changement du potentiel de membrane qui se propage le long de l'axone.

Retour à la valeur de repos du potentiel de membrane.

Période où un nouvel potentiel d’action ne peut pas être déclenché, que l’excitation soit plus forte.

Période où un potentiel d’action peut être déclenché, mais seulement avec une stimulation plus forte.

Efflux important du potassium qui rend difficile l'atteinte du seuil d'excitation.

Niveau de potentiel de membrane qui déclenche un potentiel d'action.

Canaux de sodium qui ouvrent et ferment en réponse à un changement de voltage.

Le point culminant du changement de potentiel de membrane au cours d'un potentiel d'action.

Le corps cellulaire d'un neurone.

Force ou intensité d'excitation nécessaire pour déclencher un potentiel d'action.

A specialized structure that protects the brain by restricting the passage of certain substances from the bloodstream into the brain tissue, specifically molecules need specialized mechanisms to pass through.

Brain capillaries are tightly packed, forcing molecules to use specific transport methods to enter or leave.

Molecules that dissolve easily in fats and thus readily pass through the blood-brain barrier.

The rapid propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons, jumping from node to node.

Gaps in the myelin sheath where action potentials are generated, allowing the signal to "jump" down the axon.

The electrical potential difference across the cell membrane when the neuron is at rest, typically around -70mV.

A protein that actively transports sodium ions out of and potassium ions into the neuron, maintaining the resting potential.

Ion channels that open in response to a specific molecule (ligand), such as a neurotransmitter, binding to them.

Chemical messengers that transmit signals across the synapse from one neuron to another.

A change in membrane potential that varies in size depending on the strength of the stimulus.

The entire process of transmitting a signal across a synapse using neurotransmitters.

The neuron sending the signal across the synapse.

The neuron receiving the signal across the synapse.

The space separating the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons where neurotransmitters are released.

The process by which molecules, including neurotransmitters, are released from a cell.