Intro to Communication Exam 1 (Ch 1-8) Flashcards

The process by which people use signs, symbols, and behaviors to exchange information and create meaning.

To meet physical needs, build relationships, and explore spirituality and identity.

Essential elements people seek in relationships, including companionship and affection.

<p>Action, Interaction, and Transaction Models.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A model describing communication as a one-way process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A model describing communication as a process shaped by feedback and context.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A model describing communication as a process in which everyone is simultaneously a sender and a receiver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Communication with oneself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Communication occurring within small groups of three to twenty people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Communication directed at an audience larger than a small group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Communication to a large audience transmitted by media.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Everyone is a communication expert.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Communicating in ways that are effective and appropriate for a given situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Awareness of one's behavior and how it affects others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to understand and share the feelings of another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to understand a given situation in multiple ways.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Principles that guide judgment about whether something is morally right or wrong.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The totality of learned, shared symbols, language, values, and norms that distinguish one group from another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Groups of people with which a person identifies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Groups of people with which a person does not identify.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to judge others' cultural practices as inferior to one's own.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Groups of people who share values, customs, and norms related to mutual interests beyond national citizenship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Verbal and nonverbal behaviors whose meanings are often understood only by people from the same culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jargon, Idioms, Gestures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A culture where people believe their primary responsibility is to themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A culture in which people believe their primary responsibility is to their families, communities, and employers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A culture where people are expected to be direct and say what they mean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A culture in which people are taught to speak in an indirect, implicit way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of making meaning from environmental experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Selection, Organization, Interpretation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to emphasize the first impression over later impressions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to emphasize the most recent impression over earlier ones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An explanation for observed behavior, answering 'why did this occur?'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Refers to where the cause of a behavior is located, either internal or external.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to attribute one's successes to stable internal causes and failures to unstable external causes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to attribute others' behaviors to internal rather than external causes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Who you think you are; the stable perceptions one has about oneself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expectations that give rise to behaviors that cause those expectations to come true.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The way one wishes to be seen or perceived by others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of projecting one's desired public image.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A person's desired public image.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behaviors used to establish and maintain one's desired public image.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Important components of one's desired public image.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The need to be liked and accepted by others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The perception that we can do things on our own.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The need to be respected and viewed as competent and intelligent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any behavior that threatens one or more face needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A structured system of symbols used for communicating meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phonological, Syntactic, Semantic, Pragmatic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The literal meaning of a word.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ideas or concepts a word suggests in addition to its literal definition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Words that can have more than one meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Names define and differentiate us, and language enhances or diminishes credibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mispronunciation, cliches, weasel words, equivocation, and dialects all affect how we are perceived.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of convincing people to think or act in a certain way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A persuasion technique that precedes a desired request with an outrageously large request.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The social expectation that favors should be reciprocated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behaviors and characteristics that convey meaning without the use of words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Present in most conversations, conveys more info than verbal communication, believed over verbal communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sending messages related to our other messages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Managing conversation, maintaining relationships, forming impressions, influencing others, concealing information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facial displays, eye behaviors, movements and gestures, touch behaviors, vocal behaviors, use of smell, use of space, physical appearance, use of time, use of artifacts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gestures accompanying verbal words that cannot stand alone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A gesture that conveys a specific meaning, such as waving to say 'hello.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gestures used to adjust or react to the environment or satisfy personal needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gestures that display emotional states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gestures that control the flow of conversation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different types of touch including affectionate, caregiving, power and control, aggressive, and ritualistic touch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tone, rate, pitch, volume, pauses, accent, silence, filler words, pronunciation, and articulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study of personal distance zones in communication: intimate, personal, social, and public distances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The active process of making meaning from another person's spoken message.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sensory process of receiving and perceiving sounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People-oriented, action-oriented, content-oriented, time-oriented.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A model describing the stages of effective listening: Hearing, Understanding, Remembering, Interpreting, Evaluating, Responding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Informational, critical, empathetic, inspirational, appreciative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They fulfill our need to belong, bring emotional and material rewards, and have various benefits and costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Why individuals are drawn to others based on physical, social, and task attraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proximity, physical attractiveness, similarity, complementary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uncertainty reduction theory suggests that people seek to reduce uncertainty by getting to know others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social exchange theory states that relationships are maintained when benefits outweigh costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A realistic expectation of what one wants and thinks one deserves from a relationship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An assessment of how much better or worse one's current relationship is than other options.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The state in which one's relational rewards exceed one's relational costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The state in which one's relational costs exceed one's relational rewards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through relational maintenance behaviors like positivity, openness, assurance, social networks, and sharing tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The act of intentionally giving others information about oneself that they don't already know.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theory suggesting that the depth and breadth of self-disclosure helps us learn about another person.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The range of topics we self-disclose to various people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The degree of intimacy of our self-disclosures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The desire to stay in a relationship no matter what happens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sense of responsibility for each other's feelings and emotional well-being.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Motivates us to spend time together and to compromise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formal expressions of people's obligations to each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An emotional experience or event that affects or impacts another person.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The action or process of investing time, effort, or resources into a relationship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conflicts between opposing relational needs, such as connection and autonomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Initiating, Experimenting, Intensifying, Integrating, Bonding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differentiating, Circumscribing, Stagnating, Avoiding, Terminating.</p> Signup and view all the answers