Internet Technologies Overview Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of web server software?

  • To manage database connections
  • To serve web pages to clients on a network (correct)
  • To create web content using HTML5
  • To develop mobile apps

What does the abbreviation RSS stand for in the context of web content delivery?

  • Really Simple Syndication (correct)
  • Renewed Source Script
  • Registered Stream Service
  • Rapid Site Sharing

Which web server software is commonly used with Linux and Unix operating systems?

  • Apache (correct)
  • Tomcat
  • Nginx
  • IIS

What is the main difference between virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR)?

<p>VR immerses users in a virtual world while AR overlays virtual objects on the real world (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which store was introduced by Apple for app distribution?

<p>App Store (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Amazon Echo?

<p>To act as a home assistant using speech recognition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which company was the first to release a digital assistant?

<p>Apple with Siri (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Internet primarily defined as?

<p>An interconnected network of networks and computers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of web pages on the Internet?

<p>Always require a subscription fee (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is essential for how the Internet functions?

<p>Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the sending of data packets through a network?

<p>Packet switching (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When referring to client/server computing, what does 'client' typically refer to?

<p>A device that requests services or resources from a server (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common application of chatbots?

<p>To automate parts of the purchasing process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of a public cloud?

<p>It offers resources to multiple customers who pay only for what they use. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cloud model allows a single renter to utilize infrastructure similar to a public cloud?

<p>Private cloud (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does cloud computing affect e-commerce firms?

<p>It enables a pay-as-you-go model, reducing upfront costs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the hybrid cloud model?

<p>It uses a combination of private infrastructure and public cloud services. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protocol is primarily used for transferring web pages?

<p>Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is specifically used to send e-mail to a server?

<p>Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3)?

<p>It allows users to delete emails from the server after retrieval. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant implication does cloud computing have for corporations?

<p>It reduces hardware and software infrastructure costs significantly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the IMAP protocol?

<p>Searching and organizing email before downloading (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is specifically used for remote login to another computer?

<p>Telnet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of SSL/TLS protocols?

<p>Securing communication between client and server (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Tier 1 Internet Service Providers?

<p>They own high-bandwidth fiber-optic networks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of bandwidth?

<p>It indicates how much data can be transferred over a medium in a given time. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What utility program is used to check the connection between a client computer and a TCP/IP network?

<p>Ping (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which layer of the TCP/IP model does FTP operate?

<p>Application Layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the existing Internet backbone differ from the original design?

<p>It consists of numerous privately owned networks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the URL in a web browser specify?

<p>The exact location of the information on the web (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT essential for the functioning of the Web?

<p>E-commerce platform (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lesson does the decline of Netscape illustrate regarding business in e-commerce?

<p>Smart followers can outperform initial innovators. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes Hypertext?

<p>A way to format pages with embedded links (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which version of HTML introduced enhancements like video playback and drag-and-drop?

<p>HTML5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can HTML web pages be created?

<p>With any text editor that supports HTML syntax (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one reason for Netscape's decline in market share over the years?

<p>Competition from free alternatives like Internet Explorer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does HTML provide web page designers?

<p>A fixed set of markup tags for formatting a web page (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary means of accessing the Internet today in the United States?

<p>Smartphones and tablet computers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In client/server computing, what role do servers typically play?

<p>Providing common functions such as file storage and web connections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of service offered in the cloud computing model?

<p>Network as a service (NaaS) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Software as a Service' (SaaS) provide to customers?

<p>Software hosted by the vendor on the cloud (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant change has occurred regarding the form factor of personal computers?

<p>There is a shift from desktops to more mobile devices like laptops and tablets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of cloud computing services?

<p>They provide a shared pool of virtualized resources over the Internet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has the mobile platform affected e-commerce?

<p>It influences how, where, and when consumers shop (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a client in client/server computing?

<p>It is a powerful desktop computer connected to a network (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Client/Server Computing

A computing model where client computers, connected in a network, rely on servers for essential functions like file storage, software applications, and web connections.

Server

A networked computer dedicated to providing shared resources and services to other computers on a network.

Client

A powerful desktop computer connected to a network and relying on servers for services.

Cloud Computing

A computing model where computer processing, storage, software, and other resources are provided as shared services over the internet.

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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

A type of cloud service where customers use third-party provider's resources (processing, storage, networking) to run their systems.

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)

A type of cloud service where customers use infrastructure and programming tools to build their own applications.

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Software as a Service (SaaS)

A type of cloud service where customers use software hosted by the vendor and delivered over a network.

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The Mobile Platform

A computing model based on the use of smartphones and tablets for accessing the internet and e-commerce.

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Public Cloud

A cloud service model where a third-party provider owns and manages large data centers, offering resources to multiple customers who pay for their usage.

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Private Cloud

A cloud service model where a single organization owns and manages its private cloud infrastructure, offering resources only to internal users.

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Hybrid Cloud

A cloud service model that combines both public and private cloud environments, enabling organizations to leverage the benefits of both.

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HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)

The Internet protocol for transferring web pages between a web browser and a web server.

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Email

An Internet-based service for exchanging electronic messages between individuals or organizations.

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SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

The Internet protocol used to send email messages from a client to a server.

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POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3)

The Internet protocol that allows you to access your email from a server.

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IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)

An alternative to POP3 that allows users to manage email on the server remotely.

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What is XML?

eXtensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language specification developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) that is designed to describe data and information.

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What does RSS stand for?

Really Simple Syndication (RSS) allows users to receive digital content like articles, blogs, and podcasts automatically on their computers, without needing to manually check for updates.

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What does 'web server software' do?

Web server software runs on a computer and delivers web pages written in HTML to clients (like your browser) that request them. It's like a waiter serving web pages.

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What is Apache software?

Apache is a widely used software that allows computers to act as web servers, especially for Linux and Unix systems.

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What is virtual reality (VR)?

Virtual reality (VR) immerses users in a computer-generated environment, often using a head-mounted display (HMD) to create a fully immersive experience.

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Internet

A global network of interconnected networks that allows for communication and data sharing between computers, businesses, organizations, and individuals.

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Packet Switching

A communication protocol that breaks data into packets and sends them over a network.

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TCP/IP

A suite of protocols that define how data is transmitted over the Internet.

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Web Page

A document accessible on the World Wide Web, containing text, graphics, audio, video, and hyperlinks.

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HTML

A programming language used to create web pages, allowing users to interact with content and navigate the web.

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Web Browser

Software used to access and display web pages, enabling users to browse the internet.

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Voice Assistant (e.g., Alexa, Siri)

A digital assistant that uses natural language processing to understand and respond to voice commands.

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Universal Computing

The sharing of files, graphics, information, sounds, videos and other objects across platforms regardless of operating system, providing universal accessibility.

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Hypertext

A standard way of formatting web pages that allows documents to be linked and connected to other objects like sound, video, or animation files

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URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

A unique address that identifies a web page or file on the internet. It tells the browser where to look for the information.

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HTML (HyperText Markup Language)

A markup language that allows web page designers to format content using a set of tags.

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Web Server

A software program that runs on a server and delivers web pages to users' browsers.

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E-commerce

A digital marketplace enabling the buying and selling of goods and services online.

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IMAP

A protocol that allows users to search, organize, and filter emails before downloading them from the server.

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FTP

A protocol used for transferring files between a server and a client computer. It operates in the Application Layer of TCP/IP.

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SSL/TLS

A protocol that enables secure communication between clients and servers. It operates between the Transport and Application Layers of TCP/IP.

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Ping

A utility program used to check the connection between a client computer and a TCP/IP network.

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Tracert

A route-tracing tool that shows the path a message takes from your computer to a remote computer on the internet.

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Internet Backbone

A high-bandwidth network that carries internet traffic between different ISPs.

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Tier 1 ISPs

Companies that provide internet access to other ISPs, often called transit ISPs. They do not directly serve end users.

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Bandwidth

A measure of how much data can be transferred over a communications medium within a fixed time period.

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Study Notes

Internet Technologies Overview

  • The Internet is a vast interconnected network of networks and millions of computers.
  • It's not owned by any single entity and functions by connecting different computer networks.
  • The Internet provides infrastructure and supports transformation in commerce, research, and culture.
  • The term "Internet" derives from "internetwork."

Key Internet Concepts

  • Packet Switching: Digital messages are broken into packets, sent along various paths, and reassembled at the destination.
  • TCP/IP: A core communication protocol for the Internet. TCP establishes connections between sending and receiving computers, while IP provides the addressing scheme.
  • Client/Server Computing: Client computers request services, and servers provide them. Examples include file storage and web connections.

The Web

  • The World Wide Web is one of the Internet's most popular services.
  • It provides access to billions of web pages, which contain text, graphics, audio, video, other objects and links.
  • Hyperlinks (embedded links) allow for easy jumping between different parts of the web and other websites.
  • Programming languages like HTML are used to create web pages.

Internet Protocols

  • HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol): The protocol for transferring web pages. An HTTP session starts when a client requests a resource and ends when the server sends the resource.
  • FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Allows for the transfer of files to and from a server to a client.
  • SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Used for sending email messages.

Internet Addresses

  • Every device/computer on the Internet needs a unique address for identification.
  • IPv4 uses 32-bit numbers expressed as four numbers separated by periods.
  • IPv6 uses 128-bit numbers.
  • Domain Names (DNS): Translates numeric IP addresses into human-readable names.
  • Uniform Resource Locator (URL): The address used to locate web content by web browsers. A typical URL includes the protocol, domain name, path to the resource. For example: http://www.example.com/page.html

Internet Architecture

  • The Internet backbone is a giant pipeline that connects different networks.
  • Bandwidth measures how much data can be transferred over a medium in a fixed period (eg, Mbps, Gbps).
  • Internet Service Providers (ISPs) own and manage parts of the internet backbone.

The Internet Backbone

  • Long-haul fiber-optic networks are owned by Tier 1 ISPs and interconnect various networks.
  • Tier 1 ISPs often have peering agreements, allowing internet traffic flow without charge.

Internet2

  • A consortium to develop and deploy revolutionary internet technologies.
  • Internet2 facilities advancements across the internet backbone and connectivity (e.g., fiber optics, wireless internet).

Public, Private, and Hybrid Cloud Models

  • Public Cloud: Third-party companies manage the infrastructure, and customers pay for resources used (on-demand).
  • Private Cloud: A single consumer/company controls the infrastructure and manages resources.
  • Hybrid Cloud: A mix of public and private clouds where critical functions are kept private and less critical aspects are outsourced to a public cloud.

Limitations of Current Internet

  • Bandwidth Limitations: There is insufficient capacity in the backbone for certain needs.
  • Quality of Service Limitations: Packets can take a longer time to reach their destinations.
  • Network Architectural Limitations: Difficulties or constraints within the network architecture.

Latency Solutions

  • Packet Switching: Data is broken into packets and sent via various routes to the destination.
  • Differentiated QoS (DiffServ): Prioritizes different types of data in the packet switching process.
  • Guaranteed Service Levels: Users can purchase guaranteed bandwidth within the network, allowing for high speed and low latency.

Security in the Internet of Things (IoT)

  • IoT security concerns: Security experts warn IoT devices may be a vulnerable point for security attacks.
  • Malware spread: Malware can be transmitted across a connected network of IoT devices.
  • Patching challenges: Difficulty in applying patches to IoT devices means they remain vulnerable.

The Future Internet

  • Faster Internet Access: Increased bandwidth and expanded wireless connectivity will lead to faster, more comprehensive access.
  • Enhanced Communication & Experiences: Future changes to the Internet will lead to better communication infrastructure and overall user experiences.
  • Online Shopping Evolution: The evolution of the Internet will lead to a vast increase in online shopping.

Mobile Apps

  • App stores allow independent developers and companies to distribute apps for smartphones.
  • Google play store and the Apple store (App Store) facilitate app distribution.

Other Internet Technologies

  • Campus/Corporate Area Networks (CANs): Networks within organizations.
  • Intranets: Private networks for communication and information processing within an organization.

Who Governs the Internet?

  • There's no single entity that controls or governs the Internet. Instead, governments, international organizations, and professional societies influence and monitor Internet activity.
  • Governing bodies include ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers), IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force), and others.

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Internet Technologies Lecture PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of Internet technologies. This quiz covers essential topics like packet switching, TCP/IP protocol, and client/server computing. Explore how the Internet connects billions of computers and supports various services.

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