Networking Principles Overview

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Questions and Answers

What defines the bottleneck link in a network scenario?

It is the link with the highest speed.

It constrains end-to-end throughput. (correct)

It is used for all connections in the network.

It is the shortest link in terms of distance.

What is likely to be the bottleneck in practice for end-to-end throughput?

The number of connections made to the internet.

The physical distance between hosts.

The available bandwidth from the source to the destination.

Either Rc or Rs is often the bottleneck. (correct)

During a network connection, how is the per-connection end-to-end throughput calculated?

Min(Rc, Rs, R/10) (correct)

Sum(Rc, Rs, R/10)

Average(Rc, Rs, R/10)

Max(Rc, Rs, R/10)

What aspect of the Internet was primarily overlooked when it was originally designed?

Security considerations. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a feature of network protocols?

They establish the rules for data communication. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Chapter 1 in the course?

To introduce basic terminology and the big picture of networking Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the 'network edge'?

Devices at the end of the internet where applications run Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best differentiates between circuit switching and packet switching?

Circuit switching establishes a dedicated connection for the duration of the transmission, while packet switching does not. Signup and view all the answers

What kind of devices are referred to as 'hosts' in a network?

End systems that run applications at the internet's edge Signup and view all the answers

What does bandwidth refer to in a data communications network?

The speed at which data is transmitted over a communication link Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered part of the network core?

Packet switches such as routers and switches Signup and view all the answers

What type of communication link does not use physical wires?

Radio signals Signup and view all the answers

Which of these devices represents an Internet-connected 'smart' appliance?

A web-enabled toaster Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of network performance does 'throughput' refer to?

The maximum capacity of the network to handle data Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a layer in the protocol stack?

Security Layer Signup and view all the answers

What component is primarily responsible for controlling the sending and receiving of messages over the Internet?

Protocols Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a service provided by the Internet infrastructure?

File storage Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of 'hooks' in distributed applications over the Internet?

To allow applications to connect and use Internet transport services Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding Internet standards?

RFC stands for 'Request for Comments' and is part of the standard-setting process. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Internet Service Provider (ISP) provides access to a broader geographical area?

National or global ISP Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Internet services, which of the following does NOT represent a typical application?

Network hardware Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a 'mobile network' from other types of networks?

It supports wireless communication for mobile devices. Signup and view all the answers

Which Internet protocol is specifically associated with web data transfer?

HTTP Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a content provider in an Internet context?

To offer data or services for users to access Signup and view all the answers

What do the terms '4G' and '5G' refer to in Internet technology?

Generations of mobile network technology Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of packet sniffing?

It can lead to the interception of sensitive data. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes IP spoofing?

It seeks to disguise the true source of a packet by using a false address. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of a Denial of Service (DoS) attack?

To make resources unavailable to legitimate users. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a line of defense against network attacks?

Improving connection speed via bandwidth expansion. Signup and view all the answers

How do firewalls contribute to network security?

By filtering incoming packets and restricting access. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of digital signatures in network security?

To prevent or detect data tampering. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a botnet?

It consists of compromised hosts controlled by an attacker. Signup and view all the answers

What method can help ensure that the user is who they claim to be on a network?

Password-protected VPNs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of routing in a network?

Determining source-destination paths for packets Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the arrival rate of packets exceeds the transmission rate?

Packets will queue and may be dropped Signup and view all the answers

In packet-switching, what does store-and-forward mean?

Whole packets must arrive at a router before forwarding Signup and view all the answers

Which layer is primarily responsible for improving network performance through loss and delay management?

Network layer Signup and view all the answers

What type of network structure consists of a mesh of interconnected routers?

Network core Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a forwarding table in a router?

To guide packet movement to the appropriate output link Signup and view all the answers

What defines the capacity of a network link?

The transmission rate of the link Signup and view all the answers

In circuit-switching, what is allocated during a call between source and destination?

End-to-end resources Signup and view all the answers

Which metric is NOT commonly associated with network performance?

Circuit allocation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a routing algorithm?

To determine optimal paths for packet forwarding Signup and view all the answers

During which process could a packet be lost if the memory in a router is full?

Queuing Signup and view all the answers

Which type of switching involves reserving resources for the duration of a call?

Circuit-switching Signup and view all the answers

What is considered the primary physical medium in a network?

The wire or fiber optics used to connect devices Signup and view all the answers

What does throughput refer to in the context of network performance?

The amount of data successfully transmitted over a period of time Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction

The Internet is a network of networks, connecting billions of devices called hosts.
Hosts run network applications at the edge of the Internet.
Packet switches, such as routers and switches, forward data packets across communication links.
Examples of Internet-connected devices include smart home appliances, wearables, security cameras, and gaming devices.
The Internet provides programming interfaces for distributed applications.

The Network Core

The network core is a mesh of interconnected routers.
Packet switching breaks application-layer messages into packets.
Routers forward packets from one router to another based on routing tables.
Packet transmission delay is the time it takes to send the packet across a link.
Packet queuing occurs when packet arrival rates exceed link transmission rates, potentially leading to packet loss.
Circuit switching reserves resources for a "call" between endpoints, allocating bandwidth for the duration of the connection.

Throughput

Per-connection throughput is limited by the bottleneck link with the lowest bandwidth.
Multiple connections can share network resources, with throughput depending on connection sharing.

Network Security

The Internet was not designed with security in mind, leading to vulnerabilities.
Security threats include packet interception, fake identity (IP spoofing), and denial of service (DoS) attacks.
Defenses against attacks include authentication, confidentiality, integrity checks, access restrictions, and firewalls.

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Description

This quiz covers fundamental concepts of networking, including the structure of the Internet, the role of hosts, and the function of packet switches. Explore the intricacies of packet switching, routing, and network performance metrics to strengthen your understanding of modern networking paradigms.