Internet Structure Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes packet-switching from circuit-switching?

  • Circuit-switching transmits packets at full link capacity.
  • Packet-switching reserves end-to-end resources for the duration of a call.
  • Circuit-switching allows for dynamic resource allocation.
  • Packet-switching breaks messages into smaller packets for transmission. (correct)

    • Which statement best describes the role of the network core?

  • It consists mainly of physical media used for data transmission.
  • It connects only local networks to hosts directly.
  • It operates on a single service model.
  • It includes interconnected routers that manage packet transmission. (correct)

    • What is a key aspect of performance in network systems?

  • All performance metrics are positively correlated.
  • Delay is measured only during circuit-switching.
  • Throughput is independent of loss and delay.
  • Loss, delay, and throughput all contribute to the overall performance. (correct)

    • In the context of internet structure, what does an ISP typically refer to?

    <p>Entities that provide access to the internet for consumers and businesses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a protocol in networking?

    <p>To dictate the rules for data transmission over the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of switching are resources allocated on demand?

    <p>Packet switching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a circuit switched network, packet Y’s path compared to packet X’s path is characterized as?

    <p>The same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily drives the evolution of the complex structure of the Internet?

    <p>Economics and national policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary challenge when connecting millions of access ISPs together?

    <p>Interconnecting for seamless communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Internet structure described as a 'network of networks'?

    <p>An interconnected system of access ISPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the traceroute program primarily measure?

    <p>Delay from source to each router along the path</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many packets does traceroute send for each router in the path?

    <p>Three packets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What value is used in the time-to-live field for packet transmission to the i-th router?

    <p>Variable value that equals the router number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the provided example, what was the delay measured for the second router?

    <p>1 ms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What trend is observed in the delays as the packets traverse the path towards the final destination?

    <p>Delays initially increase then decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fundamental role of packet switches in a network?

    <p>To forward packets of data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is NOT considered a part of the Internet infrastructure?

    <p>Web-enabled appliances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do protocols in networking primarily control?

    <p>Sending and receiving of messages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Internet standard is associated with web communication?

    <p>HTTP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym IETF stand for?

    <p>Internet Engineering Task Force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of network is primarily used by businesses or organizations to manage their internal resources?

    <p>Enterprise network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'bandwidth' refer to in the context of communication links?

    <p>The capacity for data transfer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device could be considered an example of a smart appliance connected to the Internet?

    <p>Networked thermostat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a programming interface in the context of distributed applications provide?

    <p>A connection to Internet transport services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes a collection of devices and links managed by an organization?

    <p>Enterprise network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of the Internet is described as a 'service' view?

    <p>Provision of application services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In networking, what does 'RFC' stand for?

    <p>Request for Comments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology is typically used for wired networking in homes and businesses?

    <p>Ethernet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method for real-time communication over the Internet?

    <p>Instant messaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of network provides dedicated access to a central office?

    <p>Digital subscriber line (DSL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of hybrid fiber coax (HFC) networks?

    <p>They offer significantly higher download rates than DSL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transmission rate range is typical for ADSL?

    <p>24-52 Mbps for downstream, 3.5-16 Mbps for upstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does frequency division multiplexing (FDM) allow in cable access networks?

    <p>Multiple channels to be transmitted over different frequency bands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of mobile access networks like 4G?

    <p>They can offer speeds of tens of Mbps over large areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do wireless local area networks (WLANs) typically connect users?

    <p>Via base stations known as access points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes fiber to the home (FTTH) networks from traditional DSL networks?

    <p>FTTH provides fully optical fiber paths all the way to the home.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is found in both DSL and cable access networks but serves different purposes?

    <p>Splitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant downside of shared cable access networks compared to DSL?

    <p>Potential congestion during peak usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate maximum speed of fiber to the home networks?

    <p>$1 Gbps$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which network type uses existing telephone lines for data transmission?

    <p>Digital subscriber line (DSL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes an enterprise network from residential networks?

    <p>Support for larger institutional applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM)?

    <p>To convert DSL signals into internet packets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of dedicated access networks compared to shared networks?

    <p>Guaranteed performance and consistency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a typical home network, what is the function of a router?

    <p>To manage connections between different network devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Internet Structure

    • Internet Service Providers (ISPs) connect hosts to the Internet.
    • Residential and enterprise ISPs are connected to create a complex "network of networks."
    • Access ISPs are interconnected, enabling communication between any two hosts.
    • Traceroute program measures the delay between a source host to a router along the Internet path towards destination.
    • Traceroute sends three packets with time-to-live values to each router on the path.
    • The delay between transmission and reply from each router is measured.
    • The results help identify the route and delays between the source and destination.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the structure of the Internet and how ISPs interact. This quiz covers the concepts of residential and enterprise ISPs, as well as the functionality of the traceroute program. Understand the complexities of network connections and delay measurement.

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