Podcast
Questions and Answers
The globally connected network system facilitating communication and data services is called the ______.
The globally connected network system facilitating communication and data services is called the ______.
Internet
The individual who initiates a message is known as the ______.
The individual who initiates a message is known as the ______.
sender
The ______ is the listener, reader, or observer to whom a message is directed.
The ______ is the listener, reader, or observer to whom a message is directed.
receiver
The physical path between the transmitter and the receiver is called the ______.
The physical path between the transmitter and the receiver is called the ______.
A standardized set of rules for formatting and processing data is referred to as a ______.
A standardized set of rules for formatting and processing data is referred to as a ______.
The layer responsible for process to process delivery in the OSI model is the ______ layer.
The layer responsible for process to process delivery in the OSI model is the ______ layer.
The ______ layer is responsible for moving individual bits from one device to the next in the OSI model.
The ______ layer is responsible for moving individual bits from one device to the next in the OSI model.
A networking technology for connecting devices in a Local Area Network (LAN) is known as ______.
A networking technology for connecting devices in a Local Area Network (LAN) is known as ______.
Guided media also known as wired media use physical ______ to transmit signals.
Guided media also known as wired media use physical ______ to transmit signals.
The three commonly used types of guided media in computer networks are coaxial cable, twisted-pair cable, and ______.
The three commonly used types of guided media in computer networks are coaxial cable, twisted-pair cable, and ______.
Unguided media rely on ______, microwaves, or infrared light to transmit signals through the air.
Unguided media rely on ______, microwaves, or infrared light to transmit signals through the air.
One key ISO standard is the ______ model, which breaks down communication into seven layers.
One key ISO standard is the ______ model, which breaks down communication into seven layers.
In a Point to Point topology, the simplest method is a way of connecting ______ nodes through a common medium.
In a Point to Point topology, the simplest method is a way of connecting ______ nodes through a common medium.
In a Bus topology, every computer and network device is connected to a single ______.
In a Bus topology, every computer and network device is connected to a single ______.
Mesh topology connects all nodes or devices ______ or partially to each other.
Mesh topology connects all nodes or devices ______ or partially to each other.
In a Tree topology, there is one central node called the ‘______’, which connects to other nodes.
In a Tree topology, there is one central node called the ‘______’, which connects to other nodes.
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Study Notes
Internet
- A globally connected network system for communication and data services.
- Consists of a vast collection of public, private, business, academic, and government networks.
Communication
- Sender: Initiates a message, also known as the communicator or source.
- Receiver: Listens, reads, or observes the message.
- Transmission Medium: Physical path for data transfer between sender and receiver.
- Protocol: Standardized set of rules for formatting and processing data.
- Message: The information being conveyed, either written or spoken.
OSI Model
- Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model has 7 layers:
Application Layer
- Provides services to the user.
- Creates and manages data.
Session Layer
- Establishes, maintains, synchronizes, and terminates interactions between sender and receiver.
- Manages connections.
Transport Layer
- Ensures reliable delivery of data from one process to another.
- Breaks data into segments.
Network Layer
- Responsible for delivering packets from source to destination.
- Packages segments into packets for routing.
Data Link Layer
- Moves frames between hops.
- Frames packets for transmission to the next device.
Physical Layer
- Transmits individual bits between devices.
- Converts frames into bits for physical transmission.
Network Types
- Ethernet: Local/private network technology.
- Includes protocol, port, cable, and computer chip.
- Traditional technology for wired local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs).
- Internet: Global/public network.
- Connects billions of computers and electronic devices.
Unique Identifiers
- OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier): Identifies the manufacturer of network interface cards (NICs).
- MAC (Media Access Control) Address: Unique physical address assigned to a network device.
- Manufacturer Identifier: Used to identify the manufacturer of a device.
Transmission Media
- Guided Media (Wired): Uses physical cables for signal transmission.
- Twisted Pair Cable: Two insulated wires twisted together to reduce interference.
- Coaxial Cable: Central conductor surrounded by insulation and a braided shield.
- Fiber Optic Cable: Transmits data using light pulses through thin glass fibers.
- Unguided Media (Wireless): Uses radio waves, microwaves, or infrared light for transmission.
- Radio Wave: Electromagnetic waves used for wireless communication.
- Microwave: Higher frequency radio waves used for long-distance communication.
- Infrared: Electromagnetic radiation used for short-range communication.
- Satellite: Uses satellites in orbit to relay communication signals.
Network Topologies
- Arrangement of nodes, links, and devices in a computer network.
- Point-to-Point: Connects two network devices directly.
- Bus: Devices are connected to a single cable, allowing bidirectional communication.
- Ring: Devices are connected in a closed loop with unidirectional data flow.
- Star: All devices connect to a central hub, providing centralized management.
- Mesh: All devices are directly or partially connected, offering redundancy and high bandwidth.
- Tree: A hierarchical topology with a central node and branching connections.
- Hybrid: Combination of multiple basic topologies.
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