Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does economic globalization refer to?
What does economic globalization refer to?
What does a trade deficit indicate?
What does a trade deficit indicate?
Which of the following is NOT a reason why nations trade?
Which of the following is NOT a reason why nations trade?
How is the balance of payments defined?
How is the balance of payments defined?
Signup and view all the answers
What effect does a strong currency typically have on international tourism?
What effect does a strong currency typically have on international tourism?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following terms measures the total exports of a nation minus total imports?
Which of the following terms measures the total exports of a nation minus total imports?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the exchange rate represent?
What does the exchange rate represent?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a potential drawback of a strong currency for domestic companies?
Which of the following is a potential drawback of a strong currency for domestic companies?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one advantage of a weak currency for Turkish firms?
What is one advantage of a weak currency for Turkish firms?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a consequence of higher-priced imports due to a weak currency?
Which of the following is a consequence of higher-priced imports due to a weak currency?
Signup and view all the answers
What role do tariffs play in international trade?
What role do tariffs play in international trade?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic of free trade?
What is a characteristic of free trade?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary argument of supporters of free trade?
What is the primary argument of supporters of free trade?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best defines protectionism?
Which of the following best defines protectionism?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common criticism of the impacts of free trade?
What is a common criticism of the impacts of free trade?
Signup and view all the answers
What effect does a weak currency have on international tourists visiting Turkey?
What effect does a weak currency have on international tourists visiting Turkey?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes a global strategy in international expansion?
What characterizes a global strategy in international expansion?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes a multidomestic strategy?
Which of the following best describes a multidomestic strategy?
Signup and view all the answers
How does a transnational strategy differ from a global strategy?
How does a transnational strategy differ from a global strategy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary objective of a global strategy?
What is the primary objective of a global strategy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key feature of a transnational strategy?
What is a key feature of a transnational strategy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of import quotas?
What is the purpose of import quotas?
Signup and view all the answers
What does an embargo signify in international trade?
What does an embargo signify in international trade?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary intention of export subsidies?
What is the primary intention of export subsidies?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following describes 'dumping' in international trade?
Which of the following describes 'dumping' in international trade?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the key roles of the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
What is one of the key roles of the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the main goals of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)?
What is one of the main goals of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)?
Signup and view all the answers
How does the WTO contribute to less-developed countries?
How does the WTO contribute to less-developed countries?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of assistance does the IMF provide to countries unable to meet their financial obligations?
What type of assistance does the IMF provide to countries unable to meet their financial obligations?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary activity involved in importing?
What is the primary activity involved in importing?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following describes franchising?
Which of the following describes franchising?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic of strategic alliances and joint ventures?
What is a characteristic of strategic alliances and joint ventures?
Signup and view all the answers
Which business expansion method is considered the least risky?
Which business expansion method is considered the least risky?
Signup and view all the answers
What defines a multidomestic strategy in international business?
What defines a multidomestic strategy in international business?
Signup and view all the answers
Which option best exemplifies Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)?
Which option best exemplifies Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a disadvantage of a multidomestic strategy?
What is a disadvantage of a multidomestic strategy?
Signup and view all the answers
Why do multinational corporations (MNCs) operate in more than one country?
Why do multinational corporations (MNCs) operate in more than one country?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
International Trade and Globalization
- Economic globalization is the increasing integration and interdependence of global economies.
- Economies of scale are achieved by buying, manufacturing, or marketing in large quantities.
-
Factors driving international trade:
- Focusing on relative strengths of different nations
- Expanding markets
- Seeking economies of scale
- Acquiring materials, goods, and services
- Keeping up with customers' demands
- Staying competitive
Measuring International Trade
-
Balance of trade is the difference between a nation's total exports and imports over a given time period.
- Trade deficit: Occurs when a country imports more than it exports.
- Balance of payments is the total value of payments received from other countries minus payments made to other countries over a specific time period.
Foreign Exchange Rates and Currency Valuations
- Exchange rate: The value at which one currency is traded for another currency.
-
Strong Currency:
- Benefits: Lower import costs, lower inflation, cheaper travel abroad, cheaper international expansion and investment, more affordable exports.
- Drawbacks: Local companies face more competition from imported goods, fewer international tourists, less international investment, more expensive exports.
-
Weak Currency:
- Benefits: Higher export competitiveness, increased international tourism, more attractive international investment.
- Drawbacks: Higher import costs, potential for rising inflation, more expensive travel abroad, more expensive international expansion and investment.
Free Trade
- Free trade: International trade without restrictive measures.
- Arguments for free trade: While it produces winners and losers, the overall net effect is positive because the winners gain more than the losers lose.
-
Arguments against free trade:
- Conflicts between nations: Trade policies can lead to international disputes.
- Conflicts within nations: Trade policies can create winners and losers within a nation's economy.
- Asymmetrical wins and losses: Gains and losses from free trade are not always distributed evenly.
- Short vs long-term effects: Impacts of free trade can differ over time.
- Broader business environment: Free trade can influence business environments in various ways.
Protectionism
-
Protectionism: Government policies designed to protect domestic industries from foreign competition.
- Tariffs: Taxes levied on imports, generating revenue and restricting trade.
- Import quotas: Limits on the quantity of specific products allowed to be imported.
- Embargo: A complete ban on trade with a particular nation or product.
- Export subsidies: Financial assistance to domestic producers enabling them to lower prices in international markets.
- Dumping: Selling goods in foreign markets at prices lower than domestic prices or actual production costs.
International Trade Organizations
- World Trade Organization (WTO): A global organization that regulates international trade, mediates trade disputes, and encourages fair trade practices.
- International Monetary Fund (IMF): An international organization that monitors global financial developments, provides technical assistance, offers short-term loans to countries facing financial difficulties, and works to alleviate poverty in developing economies.
Forms of International Business Activity
- Importing: Purchasing goods or services from another country and bringing them into one's own country.
-
Exporting: Selling and shipping goods or services to another country.
- The least risky form of international business expansion.
- Licensing: Granting a foreign company the rights to use intellectual property (design, patents) to produce and sell a product locally.
- Franchising: Selling the rights to use an entire business system, such as a fast-food restaurant, including its brand name and processes, to a foreign company.
- Strategic alliances and joint ventures: Forming long-term partnerships or creating new companies with local partners in new markets.
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Foreign companies investing in domestic businesses, either by buying existing companies or establishing new ones.
- Multinational Corporations (MNCs): Companies operating in more than one country.
International Market Strategies
-
Multidomestic strategy: A decentralized approach where companies establish independent operating units in each new country.
- Advantages: Flexibility, efficiency in responding to local market needs.
- Disadvantages: Lack of economies of scale, reduced centralized control.
- Global strategy: A highly centralized approach where headquarters in the home country makes major decisions.
- Transnational strategy: A hybrid approach that combines globalized activities with local adaptations.
Distinctions Between Multidomestic, Global, and Transnational Strategies
-
Multidomestic: Decentralized control with individual divisions or subsidiaries pursuing strategies tailored to local markets.
-
Global: Centralized control with a uniform approach applied across all markets.
-
Transnational: Pursues economies of scale by adapting globalized activities to local conditions.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on the key concepts of international trade and globalization. Explore themes like economic globalization, balance of trade, and currency valuations. This quiz covers important factors influencing global economies and trade dynamics.
