International Relations Class 7

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Questions and Answers

How do Neo-Marxist approaches differ from traditional realism in international relations?

They focus on the interests of the dominating class rather than states. (correct)
They prioritize national interest over class interests.
They advocate for a Eurocentric view of international development.
They emphasize peace and security over economic factors.

In the context of Neo-Marxism, what role do colonized countries play?

They are viewed as collaborators with imperialist countries.
They are considered the proletarians of the world. (correct)
They are seen as the capitalists of the world.
They are seen as key players in world-system theory.

Which of the following best describes the dependencies identified by dependency theory?

It denies the existence of structural violence in international relations.
It highlights the self-sufficiency of peripheral nations.
It argues that all countries can equally develop through capitalism.
It underscores the exploitative relationships between core and peripheral nations. (correct)

Who among the following is best associated with World Systems Theory?

<p>André Gunder Frank (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept is described by 'positive peace' in Neo-Marxist thought?

<p>The absence of structural violence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Dependency Theory

A theoretical framework that focuses on the exploitative relationship between developed (core) and developing (periphery) countries in the global economy. It argues that developing countries are dependent on the core countries for investment, technology, and markets, which ultimately perpetuates their underdevelopment.

Core and Periphery within core and periphery

A concept within Dependency Theory that highlights the internal division within both core and periphery countries. It argues that even within developing countries, there are dominant groups that exploit subordinate groups within their own societies, reinforcing the existing global power structures.

Colonialism as a Necessary Stage

The idea that colonisation was not just a historical event but a necessary step towards a global communist revolution, ultimately leading to a classless society.

De-linking from the World Economy

A concept that argues for the separation of developing countries from the global economy to break free from the exploitative relationship with the core countries. It advocates for self-sufficiency and promoting local development strategies.

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Positive Peace

A type of peace that goes beyond the absence of war. It focuses on eliminating structural violence and injustices that hinder the well-being of individuals and societies.

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Study Notes

International Relations Course Notes - Class 7

Course: BSPOL 1312, International Relations
Semester: 2024/2025
Class: 7 - Development and international relations: Neo-Marxist approaches
Lecturer: Dr. Valentina Brogna (replacing Prof. Amandine Orsini)

International Studies Theories Overview

A historical overview of international studies theories is presented in a hierarchical structure.
Major schools of thought are: Realism, Idealism, Historicism, Behavioralism, Systemic perspective, Foreign policy, Liberalism, Neo-liberalism, Neo-realism, Marxism, Transnationalism, Critical theories, Constructivism, and Post-positivism.
Debates I-IV are referenced, spanning from the 1920s to the 1990s.

Development Aid and Development Indexes

Foreword: Development aid and development indexes are related subjects.
Inequalities and Marxism: Living in a world of inequalities; Marxism's application to international relations
Neo-Marxist interpretation of international relations:
- The Dependency School
- Structuralism - Focus on power structural dynamics, not individual actors

Historical Overview of Development Aid

Before WWII: Aid was nonexistent or linked to political support.
After WWII: Aid intensified, particularly with Point IV of Harry Truman's agenda.
1960: OECD Committee for development aid formed.
1970: The aid target reached 0.7% of GDP.
1980s: IMF conditionality led to decreased aid.
2000: Millennium Development Goals (8 by 2015).
2015: Sustainable Development Goals (17 by 2030).

Liberal Economic Development Theory

The main drivers of modernization are market economies, free of political interference, growing economic investment, and foreign direct investment.
Traditional society → modernization → modern society is the model.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

A list of the 8 goals for poverty eradication, universal primary education, gender equality, child mortality, improvement of maternal health, HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases, environmental sustainability, and a global partnership for development.

Human Development Index (HDI)

HDI measures three dimensions: life expectancy at birth, education (mean and expected years of schooling), and living standards (GNI per capita).
Includes 4 indicators for each dimension.

Gender Inequality Index (GII)

GII measures three dimensions: reproductive health (adolescent fertility and maternal mortality ratios), empowerment (female labor force participation rates and secondary education levels), and economic activity (female labor force participation).
Includes five indicators.

World Maps - Data Visualisations

Various world maps displaying data on death rates from unsafe water sources, literacy rates, electricity access, and hunger. These maps represent different aspects of global development.

Key Figures in Neo-Marxist Thought

Fernando Henrique Cardoso/Faletto Enzo: focused on dependency and development in Latin America.
Celso Furtado: Chilean economist
André Gunder Frank: focused on dependencies between countries
Samir Amin: focused on accumulation at a world scale and de-linking.

Specialisation of Exports in National Economies

Charts and data on export specialization patterns in different countries, including Belgium and Venezuela.

Economic Trends

Data on economic growth in developing, transition, and developed economies.
Charts and data visualisations of economic performance of different regions over time.

Neo-Marxist Approaches to International Relations

Dependency school, structuralism, and world-systems theory are core concepts highlighted.
Theoretical figures like Johan Galtung and Immanuel Wallerstein are cited.

World-System Theory

Wallerstein's theory outlines a world economy consisting of a core, semi-periphery, and periphery.
The stability of the world economy is impacted by internal dynamics (between core, semi-periphery and periphery)

World-Systems and International relations.

Key elements of Neo-Marxist thought in international political economy, highlighting the relations between the developed and developing world, the unequal exchange, the role of power structures and their impact on specific regions (and thus countries).