Neo-Marxism Quiz and Flashcards on Family Capital

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Questions and Answers

What type of capital gives advantages and disadvantages to children of different classes?

Physical capital

Cultural, social, and symbolic capital (correct)

Economic capital

Human capital

What does Bourdieu mean by the concept of 'cultural capital'?

Tangible objects that can be inherited and passed down

The social networks and connections that families have access to

Economic resources that can be invested in children's education

Non-economic resources that can be 'spent' to give some families advantages over others (correct)

How do middle- and upper-class parents use cultural capital to give their children advantages?

They pass on the attitudes and knowledge needed to succeed educationally (correct)

They invest more money in their children's education

They use their symbolic capital to influence educational institutions

They have greater access to social networks that provide economic advantages

What does the text mean by 'norms of reciprocity' in relation to social capital?

What people do for each other within a social network Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the family and the economic system, according to the neo-Marxist perspective?

The family is a source of cultural and social capital that gives advantages and disadvantages to children Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the cultural capital of middle/upper-class parents and working-class parents, according to the text?

Middle/upper-class parents are better able to equip their children with the knowledge and skills needed for the workplace Signup and view all the answers

What are the 'shared values and behaviours' that tie wealthy families into social networks?

Mutual advantage, self-interest and co-operation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main argument made by Bourdieu about how cultural capital operates through the family?

Parents motivate their children by passing on the attitudes and knowledge needed to succeed educationally Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage that middle- and upper-class families have in terms of social capital, according to the text?

They have greater access to significant social networks in schools and the workplace Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the overall perspective on the relationship between the family and the economic system presented in the text?

The family is a source of cultural, social, and symbolic capital that gives advantages and disadvantages to children Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capital emphasizes non-economic resources that can give advantages to some families over others?

Cultural capital Signup and view all the answers

How does Bourdieu's concept of cultural capital impact children's education, according to the text?

It gives some children a 'head start' in education Signup and view all the answers

What advantage do middle and upper-class parents have in preparing their children for the workplace, as discussed in the text?

They are more able to equip their children with necessary knowledge and skills Signup and view all the answers

How does social capital differ from cultural capital, based on the text?

Social capital focuses on family connections, while cultural capital focuses on educational resources Signup and view all the answers

According to Putnam, what characterizes the value of connections within a social network?

'Norms of reciprocity' Signup and view all the answers

Which theorist introduced the concept of social capital as part of family's advantages, according to the text?

Robert Putnam Signup and view all the answers

What did Bruegel (1979) argue about women's role in the workforce?

Women are marginalized and forced into low-paying jobs due to sexual discrimination. Signup and view all the answers

Which group of feminists see African-American men as allies rather than adversaries in the fight against exploitation?

Black feminists Signup and view all the answers

How do white feminists differ from black feminists in their focus?

White feminists focus on employment and discrimination issues. Signup and view all the answers

What do difference feminists emphasize in their approach?

Differences between men and women Signup and view all the answers

What did feminist ideas challenge in sociology during the 1970s?

The normality and desirability of nuclear families Signup and view all the answers

Why do some consider Marxist and radical feminist approaches as dated in certain parts of the world?

Because they overlook the diversity of family structures in modern society Signup and view all the answers

According to Marxist feminists, why are men able to work long hours?

Because women take care of domestic work Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of radical feminists' criticism?

The patriarchal nature of society and the nuclear family Signup and view all the answers

How do liberal feminists believe women's situation can be improved?

Through passing new laws and changing family dynamics Signup and view all the answers

Why do radical feminists argue for far-reaching, radical change?

To dismantle patriarchal structures embedded in society Signup and view all the answers

What does symbolic capital refer to in the context of upper-class children?

Skills related to directing others' efforts and personal charm Signup and view all the answers

How do feminist perspectives differ from functionalist and Marxist views on the family?

By focusing on the oppressive structures within families, particularly concerning women Signup and view all the answers

What do Marxist feminists emphasize about women's roles in the workplace?

The importance of women's unpaid labor and its contribution to capitalism Signup and view all the answers

'Difference feminism' differs from other feminist strands by focusing on:

'Patriarchy' as the root cause of gender inequality Signup and view all the answers

'Dual burden,' as highlighted by Marxist feminists, refers to:

'Double shift' of paid work contributing to ruling-class profits and unpaid household work benefiting men Signup and view all the answers

'Triple shift,' as described by Duncombe and Marsden (1993), includes:

The combination of paid employment, domestic work, and psychological support for family members Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Different types of capital, including economic, cultural, and social, result in varying advantages and disadvantages for children from different socio-economic classes.
Cultural capital refers to skills, knowledge, and education that can be leveraged by individuals, particularly in educational and social settings.

Bourdieu and Cultural Capital

Pierre Bourdieu introduced the concept of cultural capital to explain how societal inequalities persist across generations.
Middle- and upper-class parents utilize cultural capital by providing enriching experiences, education, and social exposure, equipping their children with skills and networks advantageous for success.

Norms of reciprocity in social capital involve mutual exchanges and relationships that foster trust and cooperation within communities and networks.
Social capital emphasizes non-economic resources, providing families with social advantages through connections and networks.

Neo-Marxist Perspective on Family and Economic System

The neo-Marxist view posits that the family serves as a microcosm of the larger economic system, reinforcing social class distinctions and perpetuating inequalities.

Cultural Capital Differences

A critical difference between the cultural capital of middle/upper-class and working-class parents lies in the former's capacity to access elite educational resources and networks that foster success.

Wealthy Families' Shared Values

Shared values and behaviors among wealthy families include exclusivity, ambition, and the emphasis on educational attainment, all fostering strong social networks.

Bourdieu's Argument on Cultural Capital

Bourdieu argues that cultural capital operates through family practices, passing down knowledge and resources that affect children's futures.

Middle- and upper-class families benefit from extensive social capital, giving them better access to job opportunities and social mobility for their children.

Overall Perspective on Family and Economy

The text presents a critical stance on the family’s relationship with the economic system, highlighting its role in maintaining structural inequalities.

Types of Capital

Cultural capital emphasizes non-economic resources essential for social mobility, providing advantages to certain families over others.

Impact on Education

Bourdieu's cultural capital concept directly affects children's education, as those with higher cultural capital typically achieve better academic outcomes.

Workplace Preparation

Middle- and upper-class parents are better equipped to prepare their children for the workplace, often through connections and access to networks.

Social capital focuses on the value derived from social networks, whereas cultural capital is related to knowledge, skills, and educational credentials.

Value of Connections

According to Putnam, the value of connections within a social network lies in their ability to facilitate resources, support, and opportunities.

Pierre Bourdieu is credited with introducing the concept of social capital in examining families' advantages.

Women's Role in Workforce

Bruegel (1979) argued that women’s roles in the workforce were often underappreciated, contributing vital economic support and labor.

Feminist Perspectives on Class

Some feminists view African-American men as allies rather than adversaries in the struggle against exploitation, emphasizing shared interests.

White vs. Black Feminism

White feminists often center their focus on gender inequality, while black feminists highlight the intersection of race and class.

Difference Feminism Focus

Difference feminists emphasize the unique experiences and identities of women, advocating for recognition of diverse perspectives.

Feminist Challenges to Sociology

Feminist ideas in the 1970s challenged traditional sociological concepts, particularly regarding gender roles and power dynamics.

Marxist and Radical Feminist Views

Critics consider some Marxist and radical feminist approaches dated due to evolving societal norms and roles in various parts of the world.

Men's Work Hours and Gender Roles

Marxist feminists argue that men are able to work long hours due to societal structures supporting male dominance and economic exploitation.

Radical Feminist Critique

Radical feminists emphasize the need to dismantle patriarchal structures, arguing for profound changes to address gender-based inequalities.

Liberal Feminist Solutions

Liberal feminists advocate for gradual reforms within existing systems to improve women's situations and promote equality.

Radical Change Arguments

Radical feminists call for extensive changes to societal structures to fully eradicate gender-based oppression.

Symbolic Capital

Symbolic capital in the context of upper-class children refers to the prestige, honor, or recognition they receive, further reinforcing their social positions.

Feminist vs. Functionalist/Marxist Views

Feminist perspectives differ from functionalist and Marxist views by focusing on gender inequalities as central social issues rather than economic ones.

Women's Roles and the Workplace

Marxist feminists emphasize women's roles in the workforce as both contributors to the economy and as victims of exploitation.

Dual Burden

The 'dual burden' refers to women's simultaneous responsibility for domestic duties and paid work, as highlighted by Marxist feminists.

Triple Shift

The 'triple shift' concept, described by Duncombe and Marsden, includes paid work, unpaid domestic labor, and emotional labor performed by women.

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Description

Explore how Neo-Marxism adds a cultural dimension to the relationship between family and the economic system, focusing on different types of family capital and their impact on children of different classes. Learn about cultural, social, and symbolic capital according to Bourdieu's perspective.

PG88-90 Neo-Marxism and Family Capital

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