10 Questions
Which theory developed in response to the weakness in functionalist anthropology in dealing with conflict, competition, and disequilibrium?
Neo-functionalism
Who is the key figure associated with Marxist Anthropology?
Karl Marx
What does Marxist anthropology assume about society?
Society is in constant struggle of social class conflicts
Which theory assumes that the systems of producing material goods influences and shapes society?
Marxist Anthropology
Which school of thought emphasizes order, stability, and equilibrium in society?
Neo-functionalism
What is neo-functionalism?
Neo-functionalism is a theory of conflict in anthropology that developed after World War II, in response to the weaknesses of functionalist anthropology in dealing with issues of conflict, competition, and disequilibrium.
What is Marxist anthropology?
Marxist anthropology is a theory derived from the writings of Karl Marx, which assumes that societies pass through different stages of development and that social class conflicts between dominant and minority groups shape society.
What is cultural ecology?
Cultural ecology is a school of thought that emphasizes the relationship between human societies and their environments, and how cultural systems adapt to and interact with ecological conditions.
What issues does neo-functionalism address?
Neo-functionalism addresses the issues of conflict, competition, and disequilibrium in society that functionalist anthropology struggled to explain.
How does Marxist anthropology differ from functionalism?
Marxist anthropology differs from functionalism by focusing on social class conflicts and the influence of material production on society, rather than emphasizing order, stability, and equilibrium.
Study Notes
Neo-Functionalism
- Developed after World War II in response to the weaknesses of functionalist anthropology in dealing with conflict, competition, and disequilibrium.
- A variety of theories of conflict in anthropology.
Marxist Anthropology
- Derived directly or indirectly from the writings of Karl Marx.
- Influenced by 19th century evolutionary thinking.
- Postulates that societies pass through different stages of development.
- Materialistic, assuming that the systems of producing material goods shape and influence society.
- Contrasts with functionalist views, emphasizing constant struggle and social class conflicts between dominant and minority groups.
Cultural Ecology
- A school of thought that focuses on the relationship between culture and the environment.
- (Note: The text does not provide further information on cultural ecology, so this point is incomplete.)
Test your knowledge on socio-cultural anthropology theories such as neo-functionalism and Marxist anthropology in this mid-term quiz. Explore how these theories address issues of conflict, competition, and disequilibrium in society.
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