International Relations and Power Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What are the three types of violence identified by Johan Galtung?

Psychological violence, Direct violence, Political violence

Cultural violence, Economic violence, Social violence

Direct violence, Structural violence, Cultural violence (correct)

Physical violence, Structural violence, Emotional violence

Which organ is NOT part of the key organs of the UN?

WFP

WHO

UNICEF

UNEP (correct)

What does the equation for peace proposed by John Galtung imply?

Peace is achieved through the absence of equity.

Peace is a result of equity and harmony divided by violence and trauma. (correct)

Peace is independent of societal structures.

Peace increases with more violence and trauma.

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'R2P'?

Responsibility to Protect, enabling intervention in cases of serious human rights violations Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of positive peace according to John Galtung?

Presence of social justice and equality Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental belief of liberalism regarding human nature?

Human beings are rational and moral creatures. Signup and view all the answers

According to liberalism, which factor is believed to decrease the likelihood of war?

Trade and economic interdependence. Signup and view all the answers

What key assumption of liberalism highlights the role of cooperation between different types of actors?

Mixed-actor models of global politics are more realistic. Signup and view all the answers

What does Immanuel Kant's belief in 'universal and perpetual peace' mainly reflect in liberal thought?

The potential for global cooperation. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the liberal view on democracy and its relationship to peace?

Democracy is inherently peaceful, especially among democratic states. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the concept of soft power?

The ability to attract and persuade through culture and values. Signup and view all the answers

What is one key characteristic of a state considered sovereign?

It exercises supreme control over its internal affairs. Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes a global system with one dominant power?

Unipolar Signup and view all the answers

What is a common assumption of realism in international relations?

States primarily act in their self-interest and seek power. Signup and view all the answers

How does globalization affect state sovereignty?

It contributes to the erosion of state sovereignty. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not typically classified as an actor in international relations?

Permanent population Signup and view all the answers

What concept describes the reliance of global groups on each other?

Interdependence Signup and view all the answers

According to realism, what is considered the principal means of maintaining stability in international relations?

Balance of power Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Power

Power is the ability to influence others in global politics and achieve outcomes.
Joseph Nye identified different types of power:
- Hard Power
- Soft Power
- Smart Power
Power distributions include:
- Unipolar
- Bipolar
- Multipolar

Sovereignty

States are sovereign when they have supreme control over their internal affairs.
The Treaty of Westphalia (1648) and the Montevideo Convention (1933) define key aspects of sovereignty.
Key elements of sovereignty include:
- Permanent population
- Defined territory and borders
- Effective government
- Capacity to interact with other states
Sovereignty is challenged by globalization and interdependence.

Actors in International Relations

Key actors in international relations include:
- States
- Great powers
- Domestic groups
- International organizations
- Multinational corporations
- Transnational activists/NGOs
- Individuals

Interdependence

Interdependence occurs when groups in global politics rely on each other, share interests, or impact each other.

Realism

Realism is a pessimistic view of international relations.
Key assumptions of realism:
- Human nature is selfish and driven by power.
- Politics is driven by power and coercion.
- War is common and peace is elusive.
- States prioritize self-interest and survival.
- Global politics is characterized by anarchy and self-help.

Liberalism

Liberalism presents an optimistic view of global relations.
Key assumptions of liberalism:
- Humans are rational and moral.
- History progresses toward cooperation and peace.
- Global politics involves multiple actors beyond states.
- Trade and interdependence reduce conflict.
- International law and institutions encourage cooperation.
- Democracy fosters peace.

The UN

The UN is a major international organization with key bodies like:
- General Assembly (UNGA)
- Security Council (UNSC)
- UNICEF,
- WHO,
- WFP,
- UNDP,
- UNESCO.

Conflict

Conflicts arise from various factors.
Types of conflict include:
- Violent conflict
- Non-violent conflict
- Cyber conflict
- Direct violence
Galtung identified three types of violence:
- Direct Violence
- Structural Violence
- Cultural Violence
Conflict resolution strategies, such as mediation, can be employed.

Peace

Positive peace focuses on equality and harmony.
Negative peace describes the absence of violence.
Peace can be viewed as the equilibrium between equity, harmony, and violence and trauma.

Migration

Migration is affected by push and pull factors.
Categories of migrants include:
- Refugees
- Asylum seekers
- Migrants

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Description

Explore the fundamental concepts of power and sovereignty in international relations. This quiz covers types of power as defined by Joseph Nye and the key elements of state sovereignty. Gain insights into various actors that influence global politics and how interdependence affects state autonomy.