10 Questions
What is the term used to describe the desire for increased cooperation and solidarity among states and peoples?
Internationalism
Who is considered the first major thinker of liberal internationalism?
Immanuel Kant
What was the goal of Jeremy Bentham's proposed 'international law'?
To maximize the happiness of all nations
What is the main difference between liberal internationalism and socialist internationalism?
Emphasis on democratic values vs. international solidarity
What was Immanuel Kant's analogy regarding the need for a world government?
That people living together require a government, so states should too
What is a concern about international laws and institutions?
That they could limit the ability of states to govern themselves independently.
What was Giuseppe Mazzini's vision for international relations?
A league of independent nations cooperating with each other.
What did Woodrow Wilson believe was a prerequisite for internationalism?
Nationalism.
What was Woodrow Wilson's goal for the League of Nations?
To provide a venue for conciliation and arbitration to prevent another war.
What did Giuseppe Mazzini propose for Europe?
A United States of Europe.
Study Notes
The Westphalian and Concert Systems
- The world was split into independent, sovereign entities under the Westphalian and Concert systems.
Internationalism
- Internationalism is the desire for increased cooperation and solidarity among states and peoples.
- There are two types of internationalism: Socialist and Liberal internationalism.
Liberal Internationalism
- Emphasizes democratic values, international law, and global governance.
- Key thinkers: Immanuel Kant, Jeremy Bentham, and Giuseppe Mazzini.
Immanuel Kant
- Compared states in a global system to people living in a given territory.
- Argued that without a form of world government, the international system would be chaotic.
- Advocated for states to give up some freedoms and establish a continuously growing state consisting of various nations.
Jeremy Bentham
- Coined the word "international" in 1780.
- Advocated for the creation of "international law" that would govern inter-state relations.
- Believed that objective global legislators should aim to propose legislation that would create “the greatest happiness of all nations taken together”.
Giuseppe Mazzini
- Reconciled nationalism with liberal internationalism.
- Advocated for a Republican government (without kings, queens, and hereditary succession).
- Proposed a system of free nations that cooperated with each other to create an international system.
- Believed that free, independent states would be the basis of an equally free, cooperative international system.
Woodrow Wilson
- Influenced by Mazzini's thinking.
- Saw nationalism as a prerequisite for internationalism.
- Advocated for the principle of self-determination.
- Forwarded the belief that the world's nations had a right to a free and sovereign government.
- Hoped that free nations would become democracies and build a free system of international relations based on international law and cooperation.
- Advocated for the creation of the League of Nations.
This quiz explores the concept of sovereignty and international relations, including the Westphalian and Concert systems, and attempts to transcend or alter these systems throughout history.
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