International Marketing Overview
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In international business, marketing is concerned with ______?

  • identifying, measuring, and pursuing customer needs and market opportunities abroad (correct)
  • interacting with global business leaders
  • disseminating the organizational culture of a firm across global subsidiaries
  • maintaining a steady flow of product-based innovations
  • What is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges across national boundaries that satisfy individual and organizational objectives?

    International marketing

    While deciding on market segmentation and product diversification, Svendsen Sport considers all of the following factors except ______?

  • the type of water (fresh, saline, shallow, deep, stagnant, etc.)
  • season
  • availability of self-service in its company-owned stores (correct)
  • the fish species and size
  • International marketing differs from domestic marketing in that ______?

    <p>environmental variations require applying principles differently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In comparing international and domestic marketing, it is best to state that ______?

    <p>similar principles are at work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ________ is the process of dividing the firm's total customer base into homogeneous clusters in a way that allows management to formulate unique marketing strategies for each group.

    <p>Market segmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When selling a commodity for which there is little possibility of product differentiation, a company would likely use which of the following orientations internationally?

    <p>production orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Companies using a sales orientation find their greatest ability to sell the same product in more than one country when ______?

    <p>consumer characteristics are similar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following would be an example of a customer orientation in international marketing?

    <p>A automobile parts manufacturer makes some components to the specifications of a foreign company.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Jen Homes adapts its marketing to foreign differences by making minor changes to bathrooms and outdoor patios. However, Jen Homes uses the same floor plans and exterior attributes in all countries to gain economies of standardization. Jen Homes most likely follows a ______?

    <p>sales orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following BEST describes a company that follows a social marketing orientation?

    <p>It considers political and safety dimensions of its products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ________ is the most common way of identifying market segments within a country.

    <p>Demographics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is most likely to occur when a firm segments markets by country?

    <p>overlooking similarities between different countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely reason that sales to a mass market would be necessary for a company selling internationally?

    <p>gaining economies in production and distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a company identifies a market segment on a global basis, such as a segment based on income, it will likely ______?

    <p>find that a niche market in one country may be a mass market in another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the three personality traits that specifically affect international marketing?

    <p>globalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Consumer ethnocentrism, which refers to a preference for local over global, such as seeking out local alternatives when buying products and services, is a personality trait that affects international marketing.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cosmopolitanism, which refers to the importance of acquiring possessions as a means of self-satisfaction and happiness, as well as for the appearance of success, is a personality trait that affects international marketing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    International marketing is unlike domestic marketing because the basic principles are completely different.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The marketing approach a company takes internationally should be compatible with its overall aims and strategies.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Companies sell many undifferentiated commodities primarily on the basis of price because of universal demand.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company may aim a product at a small share of its domestic market and then find many consumers abroad who will also buy it.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a sales orientation, a company sells abroad what it sells domestically by assuming that consumers are sufficiently similar.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a production orientation, a company focuses on efficiency and product quality when selling abroad.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Companies with social marketing orientations pay close attention to the potential environmental, health, social, and work-related problems that may arise when selling or making their products.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Passive exports involve the filling of unsolicited orders from abroad.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company that adapts its marketing to foreign differences without deviating very much from its experience is following a customer orientation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under a strategic marketing orientation, a company considers potential environmental, health, social, and work-related problems from the sale of its products abroad.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The most common way of identifying market segments within a country. is through demographics.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company may hold one or more elements of its marketing functions—prices, promotion, branding, and distribution—constant while altering the others.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a short essay, discuss the international application of five common marketing orientations.

    <p>a. Production orientation. Companies focus primarily on production—either efficiency or high-quality-with little emphasis on marketing. There is little analysis of consumer needs; rather, companies assume customers want lower prices or higher quality. b. Sales orientation. A company tries to sell abroad what they sell domestically on the assumption that consumers are sufficiently similar globally. A company may make this assumption because it lacks information about foreign markets. This orientation differs from the production orientation because of its active rather than passive approach to promoting sales. c. Customer orientation. Management usually is guided by answers to questions such as &quot;Should the company send some exports abroad?&quot; &quot;Where can the company sell more of Product X?&quot; In contrast, a customer orientation asks, &quot;What can the company sell in Country A?&quot; d. Strategic marketing orientation. Most companies committed to continual, rather than sporadic, foreign sales adopt a strategy that combines production, sales, and consumer orientations. Instead of merely trying to sell a domestic product abroad, the company adjusts this product to foreign needs. e. Social marketing orientation. Companies with social marketing orientations realize that successful international marketing requires serious consideration of potential environmental, health, social, and work-related problems that may arise when selling or making their products abroad.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company that makes its marketing program elements uniform, targeting an entire region with similar products, is demonstrating ______.

    <p>Standardization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ________ requires that an entirely new product be developed for the target market when many important differences exist between the home and target markets.

    <p>Product invention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are MNEs criticized for exporting to developing countries the same products they sell in developed countries?

    <p>Many of the products are deemed to be unnecessary for low-income consumers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Some critics complain that MNEs introduce and promote superfluous products in developing countries, causing consumers there to buy these products rather than things they need for their health. People answering this criticism have contended that ______.

    <p>it is impossible to draw a line between people who can afford and people who can't afford these products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Agreements on international product standards are hampered by all the following factors EXCEPT ______?

    <p>the fact that standardization increases production costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely reason that companies such as Gillette (razor blades) and 3M (scouring pads) sell products in smaller package sizes in some developing countries?

    <p>In those countries, many consumers lack sufficient cash to buy larger quantities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Critics complain that pharmaceutical research budgets emphasize non-debilitating conditions common in developed countries rather than life-threatening diseases common in developing countries. People answering this criticism have contended that ______?

    <p>pharmaceutical companies cannot recoup expenses for research on some of the developing country problems, so governmental research centers and nonprofit foundations should handle this research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might companies sometimes narrow the product line that they sell in a foreign country as compared to the product line they sell at home?

    <p>Not all products have sufficient demand in every market.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a company's foreign sales per customer is small compared to those in its domestic market, it should most likely ______?

    <p>introduce a larger family of products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There are more cost savings for international branding standardization than for international product standardization.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Different country standards, such as safety regulations, add complexity to whether companies decide to use a globally standardized product.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Although the broadening of product lines increases distribution efficiencies, too broad a line can create problems in selling.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explicit legal requirements, usually meant to protect consumers, cause companies to customize products for foreign markets.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Religious differences can force a company to limit the standardization of product offerings globally.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a short essay, describe the various reasons for product alteration.

    <p>a. Legal reasons: Explicit legal requirements are the most obvious reasons for altering products for foreign markets. The exact requirements vary widely by country, but are usually meant to protect consumers. One of the more cumbersome product alterations for companies is adjusting to different laws on packaging that protect the environment. Marketing managers must also watch for the indirect legal requirements that may affect product content or demand. b. Cultural reasons: Marketing managers find it difficult to determine in advance whether consumers in foreign markets will accept new or different products because of differences in consumer cultures. c. Economic reasons: If foreign consumers lack sufficient income, they may not be able to buy the product the MNE sells domestically. The company therefore may have to design a cheaper model. Even if a market segment has sufficient income to purchase the same product the company sells at home, differences in infrastructure may require product alterations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    International Marketing

    • International marketing is concerned with identifying, measuring, and pursuing customer needs and market opportunities abroad.
    • It involves disseminating organizational culture, maintaining a consistent flow of product innovations, and interacting with global business leaders.
    • International marketing differs from domestic marketing in applying principles differently, as environmental variations require changes.

    Marketing Process

    • Planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to satisfy national and individual objectives is called international marketing
    • Market segmentation and product diversification require analysis of factors like fish species, water type, and season.

    International Marketing Orientations

    • Marketing strategies are classified according to marketing orientations, segmentation, and targeting.
    • Various orientations exist, including sales, customer, and social marketing.
    • A sales orientation focuses on the ability to sell the same product in multiple countries.
    • A customer orientation focuses on product adjustments for foreign needs.
    • A social orientation focuses on the potential environmental, health, social and work-related problems that selling products may cause.

    Customer Orientation

    • It involves segmenting the total customer base into homogeneous groups to create unique marketing strategies for each group. This method enables customized strategies.

    International Marketing Strategy

    • A company's international marketing approach should align with overall goals.
    • Companies may use sales or production orientations, but a customer orientation often yields better results.
    • Companies sell similar products in different countries when consumer characteristics are similar.

    International Marketing Mix

    • The successful marketing mix includes the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of goods and services across national borders.
    • The mix needs to be adaptable to various market segments in the same region and global scale.
    • Various marketing strategies are necessary, depending on the situation and market.

    Domestic vs International Marketing

    • International marketing often involves more factors than domestic marketing, such as currency fluctuations, legal regulations, and cultural differences.
    • It's important to tailor marketing strategies to specific countries because, while similar principles are at play, effective campaigns differ greatly in each country.

    Strategies for International Market

    • Different methods exist for international market analysis.
    • Companies use various strategies to best position themselves in a new market by understanding the market and determining the appropriate strategy for each product offering.

    Summary

    • International marketing involves adapting marketing strategies to diverse cultures and market conditions.
    • Key principles include identifying customer needs, understanding the differences between countries, and adopting strategies best suited for the regions targeted.
    • It requires more extensive market research and adjustments to ensure the success of the product or service.

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    Description

    This quiz explores key concepts in international marketing, including market opportunities, customer needs, and the marketing process. It covers different marketing orientations and the unique strategies required for global markets. Test your knowledge on how international marketing differs from domestic marketing.

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