International Law and Cold War Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following schools of thought in international law emphasizes the practical application of laws and seeks agreement among states?

Naturalists
Positivists (correct)
Grotians
All of the above

What is the primary focus of private international law?

The territorial rights of states
The rights and responsibilities of individuals (correct)
The behavior of organizations and states
The prevention of violence and promotion of peace

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of general or universal international law?

Applicable to all sovereign states
Based on commonly accepted principles
Enforced through international institutions
Defined by bilateral or regional agreements (correct)

Which of the following organizations has made significant contributions to international law in the past century?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Grotian school of thought in international law?

A combination of naturalist and positivist elements (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary aim of the Truman Doctrine?

To prevent the spread of communism globally (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main objective of the Marshal Plan?

To rebuild war-torn European economies and prevent communist domination (A) Signup and view all the answers

How did the spread of communism to China impact the Cold War?

It prompted the US to increase its involvement in the Korean War (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the US's intervention in the Vietnam War?

A stalemate, resulting in the withdrawal of US troops and the eventual communist victory (C) Signup and view all the answers

How did the Cold War play out in the Middle East?

The US supported Israel while the Soviet Union backed Arab nations (C) Signup and view all the answers

How did the Cold War affect Latin America?

The US primarily supported democratic governments, while the Soviet Union sought to spread communism (C) Signup and view all the answers

What event became a major Cold War arena in South Asia?

The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "counter measures" refer to in the context of the Cold War?

Actions taken by one superpower to counter the influence or actions of the other (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the failure of the first permanent advisory commission established by the League of Nations?

The commission was comprised of military personnel and failed to make significant progress in disarmament. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Temporary Mixed Commission established by the League of Nations in 1920?

To identify limitations on land and naval forces for different countries based on their security needs. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What significant event in 1933 contributed to the collapse of the League of Nations' disarmament efforts?

The Japanese invasion of Manchuria and Germany's withdrawal from the disarmament treaty. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary motivation behind the renewed calls for disarmament after World War II?

The desire to prevent future wars by eliminating weapons of mass destruction. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a proposed method of disarmament by the Temporary Mixed Commission?

Establishment of a global peacekeeping force. (E) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the significance of the draft treaty prepared by the Preparatory Commission for Disarmament established in 1926?

It was a significant step towards disarmament but ultimately failed to be implemented. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a major obstacle to the success of the League of Nations' disarmament efforts?

The rising tide of nationalism and militarism in Europe. (B), The reluctance of major powers to reduce their military strength. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the renewed calls for disarmament in the UN Charter after World War II?

The threat of future wars and the need to prevent future conflicts. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What criticism is made against the UN related to powerful countries?

Powerful countries fail to follow UN resolutions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a major argument put forward by countries like Sudan, Cuba, and Libya against Western criticism of their human rights records?

They claim that the West has no right to criticize given its colonial past. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main criticism made against the UN's structure, particularly regarding the Security Council?

It does not adequately represent the interests of developing nations. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a criticism of the UN's performance?

The organization's tendency to ignore the needs of smaller states. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a possible solution to address the criticism of the UN?

Increasing the representation of developing countries in the Security Council. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples best illustrates the UN's failure to address humanitarian crises?

The UN's failure to prevent the Rwandan genocide. (B) Signup and view all the answers

The term "tyranny of the rich" in the text refers to:

The influence of wealthy nations on the UN's decision-making. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main argument for reform of the UN?

The UN is outdated and does not reflect the current world order. (E) Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the establishment of the Organization of Islamic Conferences (OIC)?

To respond to an attack on a significant religious site. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does the European Union (EU) differ from the Organization of Islamic Conferences (OIC) in terms of its scope?

The EU has a broader range of policy areas it covers, while the OIC is primarily focused on Islamic issues. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key objective of the OIC?

To strengthen solidarity among all member states. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the European Union (EU)'s approach to governing its member states?

The EU is a supranational organization, where it has authority over some aspects of member states' policies. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How did the EU's origins differ from those of the OIC?

The EU has its roots in earlier organizations, while the OIC was established as a new entity. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a goal of the OIC?

To establish a universal Islamic legal system. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the EU's supranational nature imply?

The EU's decisions are binding on all member states, even if they disagree. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, what can be concluded about international organizations?

International organizations can be formed with diverse purposes and membership structures. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the central difference between liberalism and social democracy, according to the text?

Their views on the role of the state in the economy (D) Signup and view all the answers

How did social democracy emerge in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

From Marxist supporters who favored gradual change rather than revolution (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between social democrats and revolutionary socialists, as presented in the text?

Social democrats believe in achieving socialist goals through gradual reforms, while revolutionaries advocate for revolution. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a policy typically associated with social democracy?

Promoting free market principles to stimulate economic growth (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "egalitarianism" represent within the context of social democracy?

A commitment to achieving social equality through redistribution of wealth (B) Signup and view all the answers

What has been the general trajectory of social democrats' views on capitalism over the 20th century?

They have moved away from outright rejection of capitalism to a focus on reforming it (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why do social democrats support the creation of a welfare state?

To create a more equitable society and ensure everyone has essential needs met (B) Signup and view all the answers

How significant is social democracy in the political landscape of European nations?

It is one of the most powerful and dominant political forces (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Truman Doctrine

US policy to contain Communism post-Britain's decline via aid to Greece and Turkey.

Marshall Plan

US program to aid European recovery and prevent Communism by funding reconstruction.