Podcast
Questions and Answers
What position should a patient with pericarditis adopt to alleviate pain?
What position should a patient with pericarditis adopt to alleviate pain?
What is a significant sign of chronic heart failure related to venous pressure?
What is a significant sign of chronic heart failure related to venous pressure?
In which condition is 'Dance of Karotid' observed?
In which condition is 'Dance of Karotid' observed?
How quickly does the effect of nitroglycerin take place?
How quickly does the effect of nitroglycerin take place?
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What characterizes the apical impulse in hypertrophy of the left ventricle?
What characterizes the apical impulse in hypertrophy of the left ventricle?
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What type of pulse is associated with aortic stenosis?
What type of pulse is associated with aortic stenosis?
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What does the symptom of 'cat's purr' indicate in a patient?
What does the symptom of 'cat's purr' indicate in a patient?
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In which condition is a paradoxical pulse typically observed?
In which condition is a paradoxical pulse typically observed?
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What auscultation finding is characteristic of aortic stenosis?
What auscultation finding is characteristic of aortic stenosis?
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During ventricular systole, which valves close?
During ventricular systole, which valves close?
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Where is the tricuspid valve best auscultated?
Where is the tricuspid valve best auscultated?
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What is the main symptom indicated in a 35-year-old patient with mitral stenosis during physical exertion?
What is the main symptom indicated in a 35-year-old patient with mitral stenosis during physical exertion?
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What leads to an accentuation of the second heart sound at the aorta?
What leads to an accentuation of the second heart sound at the aorta?
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In mitral stenosis, how does the first heart sound change?
In mitral stenosis, how does the first heart sound change?
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What specific murmur is associated with aortic insufficiency based on examination findings?
What specific murmur is associated with aortic insufficiency based on examination findings?
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What condition is indicated by the presence of left ventricular heart failure in a patient with mitral stenosis?
What condition is indicated by the presence of left ventricular heart failure in a patient with mitral stenosis?
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Where is the mitral valve auscultated?
Where is the mitral valve auscultated?
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What symptom is likely observed in a patient diagnosed with aortic valve insufficiency?
What symptom is likely observed in a patient diagnosed with aortic valve insufficiency?
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What is the cause of the second heart sound?
What is the cause of the second heart sound?
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What heart lesion should be considered in a patient showing signs of cyanosis and a diastolic 'cat's purr' at the apex?
What heart lesion should be considered in a patient showing signs of cyanosis and a diastolic 'cat's purr' at the apex?
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Which condition can result in diastolic murmur at the apex?
Which condition can result in diastolic murmur at the apex?
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What is the position where the murmur from a mitral defect is best heard?
What is the position where the murmur from a mitral defect is best heard?
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Which physical examination finding is consistent with aortic insufficiency?
Which physical examination finding is consistent with aortic insufficiency?
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What sign is associated with 'Musset' symptom likely found in aortic valve insufficiency?
What sign is associated with 'Musset' symptom likely found in aortic valve insufficiency?
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What occurs during isometric contraction of the ventricles?
What occurs during isometric contraction of the ventricles?
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What condition is indicated by a systolic murmur that decreases in intensity and is conducted to the left axillary fossa?
What condition is indicated by a systolic murmur that decreases in intensity and is conducted to the left axillary fossa?
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Which of the following is a typical characteristic of pain in angina pectoris?
Which of the following is a typical characteristic of pain in angina pectoris?
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Which examination sign is likely found in a patient with mitral stenosis?
Which examination sign is likely found in a patient with mitral stenosis?
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What differentiates angina pectoris from a myocardial infarction?
What differentiates angina pectoris from a myocardial infarction?
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What type of pain is typically relieved by the use of narcotic analgesics?
What type of pain is typically relieved by the use of narcotic analgesics?
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What is the typical duration of pain during an angina attack?
What is the typical duration of pain during an angina attack?
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Which symptom is associated with myocardial infarction?
Which symptom is associated with myocardial infarction?
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In a patient with a diastolic murmur conducted to Botkin's point, what valve damage could be suspected?
In a patient with a diastolic murmur conducted to Botkin's point, what valve damage could be suspected?
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What condition might a 72-year-old patient be experiencing if they have squeezing pain lasting up to 10 minutes?
What condition might a 72-year-old patient be experiencing if they have squeezing pain lasting up to 10 minutes?
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What diagnostic clarification is needed when assessing squeezing pain behind the breastbone?
What diagnostic clarification is needed when assessing squeezing pain behind the breastbone?
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Which of the following is a sign of acute left ventricular failure?
Which of the following is a sign of acute left ventricular failure?
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What are the symptoms associated with acute vascular insufficiency due to internal bleeding?
What are the symptoms associated with acute vascular insufficiency due to internal bleeding?
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Based on the symptoms presented, what syndrome is the 48-year-old patient suspected to have?
Based on the symptoms presented, what syndrome is the 48-year-old patient suspected to have?
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What preliminary diagnosis would be considered for a patient with severe pallor, very low blood pressure, and an unconscious state?
What preliminary diagnosis would be considered for a patient with severe pallor, very low blood pressure, and an unconscious state?
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In cases of blood stagnation in the circulatory system, which symptoms are indicative?
In cases of blood stagnation in the circulatory system, which symptoms are indicative?
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What symptom is characteristic of chronic right ventricular failure?
What symptom is characteristic of chronic right ventricular failure?
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What condition is associated with sudden nighttime asphyxiation and hemoptysis?
What condition is associated with sudden nighttime asphyxiation and hemoptysis?
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Which symptom would be indicative of acute left ventricular failure specifically?
Which symptom would be indicative of acute left ventricular failure specifically?
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What does the external appearance in total heart failure include?
What does the external appearance in total heart failure include?
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A patient complaining of heaviness in the right hypochondrium and swelling in the legs is likely exhibiting signs of:
A patient complaining of heaviness in the right hypochondrium and swelling in the legs is likely exhibiting signs of:
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Study Notes
Internal Disease Study Notes
- Acute Heart Failure Sign: Fainting
- Pericarditis Pain Relief: Sitting slightly forward reduces pain.
- "Dance Karotid" Note: Aortic insufficiency.
- Angina Pectoris Relief: Nitroglycerin stops pain within 1-2 minutes.
- Myocardial Infarction Pain Relief: Necrotic Analgesics
- Heart Asthma Position: Horizontal position during sleep
- Intermittent Claudication Cause: Damage to lower extremity arteries.
- Edema Localization: Feet
- Cyanosis in Cardiovascular System: Acrocyanosis
- Mitral Facies: Stagnant hyperemia of the chest.
- "Dance of Karotid" Cause: Pulsation of carotid artery due to high pulse pressure
- Position for Pericarditis: Sitting and leaning forward
- Anasarka: Massive edema
- Chronic Heart Failure Edema Cause: Increased venous pressure.
- Chronic Heart Failure Bed Position: Lying on the right side.
- Angina Pectoris Pain Description: Pressure pain behind sternum for 10-15 minutes.
- Total Heart Failure Facial Expression: Corvizar
- Elevated Central Venous Pressure Symptom: Swollen jugular veins.
- Exudative Pericarditis Position: Sitting, bent forward.
- Mitral Stenosis Characteristic: Increased height and strength of the apical impulse, characteristic facies mitralis.
- Right Ventricular Hypertrophy Symptom: Epigastric pulsation increasing with inspiration.
- Mitral Stenosis Symptom (Physiologic): Diastolic thrill at the apex, asymmetric pulse, filiform pulse.
- Aortic Stenosis Symptom: Slow and low pulse, also epigastric pulsation in right ventricle failure
- Tricuspid Insufficiency Symptom: Positive venous pulse and true pulsation of the liver.
- Paradoxical Pulse Cause: Adhesive pericarditis
- Aortic Stenosis Pulse Description: Slow and small pulse (pulsus tardus et parvus)
- Diffuse Apical Impulse Absence: Exudative pericarditis.
- Diffuse Apical Impulse Reduction: Adhesive pericarditis
- Aortic Stenosis Symptom: Aortic systolic thrill
- Aortic Valve Insufficiency Symptom (Location): High increased, diffuse dron shaped apical impulse
- Mitral Insufficiency Symptom: High increased, diffuse dron shaped apical impulse
- Mitral Valve location: 3rd-4th intercostal space to the left of sternum
- Tri-cuspid Valve location: At base of xiphoid process on right
- Pulmonary Valve location: 2nd intercostal space to left of sternum
- Left Border of Relative Cardiac Dullness location: 1-2 cm inverted from midclavicular line.
- Right Border of Relative Cardiac Dullness location: 4th intercoastal space, 1-2cm outwards from right edge of sternum.
- First Heart sound Location: 2nd and 3rd point
- Loudness of First Heart Sound: determined by valve apparatus integrity,
- Erg's Point: 3rd intercoastal space, left edge of sternum
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Description
This quiz covers crucial aspects of internal diseases, focusing on cardiovascular conditions such as acute heart failure, angina pectoris, and myocardial infarction. It provides insights on symptom management, patient positioning, and the physiological aspects of various heart issues. Test your knowledge on these important medical concepts.
