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Questions and Answers
What are the key international standards setters in the fields of risk management and internal control?
What are the key international standards setters in the fields of risk management and internal control?
How does Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) contribute to an organization's effectiveness?
How does Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) contribute to an organization's effectiveness?
How does internal control relate to Enterprise Risk Management (ERM)?
How does internal control relate to Enterprise Risk Management (ERM)?
What is the purpose of DoD Instruction (DODI) 5010.40, Managers' Internal Control Program Procedures?
What is the purpose of DoD Instruction (DODI) 5010.40, Managers' Internal Control Program Procedures?
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What is the key requirement of the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act of 1982 (FMFIA)?
What is the key requirement of the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act of 1982 (FMFIA)?
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What is the main purpose for which managers design and implement controls?
What is the main purpose for which managers design and implement controls?
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Which of the following is NOT a category of objectives for internal controls?
Which of the following is NOT a category of objectives for internal controls?
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What is the primary risk associated with 'integrity and personal gain issues'?
What is the primary risk associated with 'integrity and personal gain issues'?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a 'control risk'?
Which of the following is NOT considered a 'control risk'?
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What is the primary purpose of 'safeguarding all assets' within the context of internal controls?
What is the primary purpose of 'safeguarding all assets' within the context of internal controls?
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Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to control risks within the federal government?
Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to control risks within the federal government?
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According to the Green Book, what is the definition of internal control?
According to the Green Book, what is the definition of internal control?
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How are internal controls generally strengthened within the government?
How are internal controls generally strengthened within the government?
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Which of the following is NOT a category of objectives that internal control aims to achieve?
Which of the following is NOT a category of objectives that internal control aims to achieve?
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What is the purpose of the Green Book?
What is the purpose of the Green Book?
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Which of the following is a key principle of internal control?
Which of the following is a key principle of internal control?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the Green Book?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Green Book?
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What is the primary role of internal control in safeguarding assets?
What is the primary role of internal control in safeguarding assets?
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According to the Green Book, what is internal control?
According to the Green Book, what is internal control?
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Which statement best describes the Green Book's approach to internal control?
Which statement best describes the Green Book's approach to internal control?
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What is the significance of ensuring the effectiveness of internal control?
What is the significance of ensuring the effectiveness of internal control?
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What is the purpose of the update to the Green Book as it relates to internal controls?
What is the purpose of the update to the Green Book as it relates to internal controls?
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Which of the following is NOT a primary function of FISCAM?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of FISCAM?
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According to FISCAM, what is considered when determining effective and efficient audit procedures?
According to FISCAM, what is considered when determining effective and efficient audit procedures?
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What is the relationship between FISCAM and FISMA?
What is the relationship between FISCAM and FISMA?
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The GAO Green Book focuses on internal controls within the federal government. What is the primary source of authority for these controls?
The GAO Green Book focuses on internal controls within the federal government. What is the primary source of authority for these controls?
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Why did the Green Book update expand to include ICOR?
Why did the Green Book update expand to include ICOR?
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Which element is NOT directly addressed in the Green Book update?
Which element is NOT directly addressed in the Green Book update?
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How does the Green Book update relate to data quality in agency reports?
How does the Green Book update relate to data quality in agency reports?
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What is the primary function of the 'Control environment' component of internal control within the GAO framework?
What is the primary function of the 'Control environment' component of internal control within the GAO framework?
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What is the significance of the Green Book in relation to internal control?
What is the significance of the Green Book in relation to internal control?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the GAO framework for internal control?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the GAO framework for internal control?
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What is the primary purpose of 'Risk assessment' within the internal control framework?
What is the primary purpose of 'Risk assessment' within the internal control framework?
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What is the role of 'Control activities' in the internal control framework?
What is the role of 'Control activities' in the internal control framework?
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Which of the following is NOT covered by the Green Book standards?
Which of the following is NOT covered by the Green Book standards?
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Which statement accurately describes the purpose of 'Monitoring' in the internal control framework?
Which statement accurately describes the purpose of 'Monitoring' in the internal control framework?
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What is the primary focus of the 'Information and communication' component within the internal control framework?
What is the primary focus of the 'Information and communication' component within the internal control framework?
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What is the main purpose of the DoD and OSD component statement of assurance?
What is the main purpose of the DoD and OSD component statement of assurance?
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Which statement of assurance level is provided when no material weaknesses are identified and the IFMS is in conformance with federal requirements?
Which statement of assurance level is provided when no material weaknesses are identified and the IFMS is in conformance with federal requirements?
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What is the main characteristic of a modified statement of assurance?
What is the main characteristic of a modified statement of assurance?
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In the context of the statement of assurance, what is the significance of material weaknesses?
In the context of the statement of assurance, what is the significance of material weaknesses?
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Under what circumstances would a "Statement of No Assurance" be issued?
Under what circumstances would a "Statement of No Assurance" be issued?
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What is the primary format required for the DoD and OSD component statement of assurance?
What is the primary format required for the DoD and OSD component statement of assurance?
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When a modified statement of assurance is provided, what specific information must be included?
When a modified statement of assurance is provided, what specific information must be included?
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What is the key requirement regarding the reporting of material weaknesses in the statement of assurance?
What is the key requirement regarding the reporting of material weaknesses in the statement of assurance?
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Flashcards
Enterprise Risk Management (ERM)
Enterprise Risk Management (ERM)
A framework for assessing and managing all types of organizational risk.
Internal Control
Internal Control
Processes to ensure the integrity of financial and operational effectiveness.
COSO
COSO
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations; sets standards for risk management.
Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA)
Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA)
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DoD Instruction 5010.40
DoD Instruction 5010.40
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Control Risks
Control Risks
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People Risks
People Risks
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Compliance
Compliance
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Operations
Operations
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Reporting
Reporting
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Residual Risk
Residual Risk
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Green Book
Green Book
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Control Activities
Control Activities
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Internal Control Over Reporting (ICOR)
Internal Control Over Reporting (ICOR)
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GAO Green Book
GAO Green Book
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FISCAM
FISCAM
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Top-Down Risk-Based Approach
Top-Down Risk-Based Approach
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FISMA
FISMA
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Annual Assurance Statements
Annual Assurance Statements
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Materiality in Audits
Materiality in Audits
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Control Environment
Control Environment
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Risk Assessment
Risk Assessment
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Information and Communication
Information and Communication
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Monitoring
Monitoring
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Internal Control Principles
Internal Control Principles
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Objectives of Internal Control
Objectives of Internal Control
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Internal Control Components
Internal Control Components
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Three Categories of Objectives
Three Categories of Objectives
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Operation Effectiveness
Operation Effectiveness
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Financial Reporting Reliability
Financial Reporting Reliability
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Legal Compliance
Legal Compliance
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Reasonable Assurance
Reasonable Assurance
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Continuous Internal Control
Continuous Internal Control
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Statement of Assurance
Statement of Assurance
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Unmodified Statement of Assurance
Unmodified Statement of Assurance
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Modified Statement of Assurance
Modified Statement of Assurance
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Statement of No Assurance
Statement of No Assurance
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Material Weakness
Material Weakness
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Corrective Action Plans
Corrective Action Plans
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Managers' Internal Control Program
Managers' Internal Control Program
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Federal Requirements Compliance
Federal Requirements Compliance
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Study Notes
Enterprise Risk Management and Internal Control
- Enterprise risk management (ERM) and internal control (IC) are components of a governance framework.
- ERM involves identifying, assessing, and managing risks.
- Internal control is a process that provides reasonable assurance that objectives are achieved.
- Government operations are complex and resource-limited, requiring program integrity, efficiency, and transparency.
- Federal leaders and managers are responsible for establishing goals, improving operations, ensuring reporting accuracy, complying with regulations, and implementing risk management practices.
Risk Management
- Risks arise from external and internal factors (economic, operational, organizational change).
- Federal agencies address these risks through a governance structure defined by laws, executive directives, and agency policies, mainly guided by OMB budget guidance.
- OMB Circular A-11 defines the executive branch's budget process and performance reviews.
- OMB Circular A-123 provides guidance to federal managers on improving accountability by identifying and managing risks.
- FMFIA of 1982 further emphasizes these requirements.
- OMB revised and expanded Circular A-123 in 2016 to incorporate ERM and retitled it Management's Responsibility for Enterprise Risk Management and Internal Control.
- The update emphasizes the importance of risk management to achieve strategic objectives, and the updated circular highlights the needed systems in place to identify challenges early and solve them.
Internal Controls
- Internal controls aim to prevent or detect errors, fraud, waste, or misappropriation of assets.
- Operational effectiveness and efficiency are monitored, alongside the reliability of reporting.
- Compliance with laws, regulations, and policies ensures accountability.
- Internal control over operations ensures efficient and effective achievement of goals and objectives.
- Internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), or internal control over reporting (ICOR), assures reliability of financial reporting.
- A related process, internal control over information systems (ICOFS), safeguards assets, particularly in the context of financial systems.
- The Federal Information System Controls Audit Manual (FISCAM) guides the audit procedures for federal information systems.
Internal Control Categories
- Operations: Effectiveness and efficiency of operations (using resources correctly).
- Reporting: Ensuring reliability of reports for internal and external use.
- Compliance: Adherence to relevant laws, regulations, and policies.
GAO Standards for Internal Control
- The Green Book, updated in 2014, defines internal control standards.
- These standards are framework-based and involve ensuring that controls are designed, implemented, and function effectively.
- Five components of internal control guide effective management: control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring.
- Each component has associated principles, attributes, and requirements for documentation.
Material Weaknesses and Deficiencies
- Material weaknesses represent significant internal control deficiencies impacting financial reporting, operations, and compliance.
- Significant deficiencies are less severe but still require management attention.
- Control deficiencies are less severe than significant deficiencies and are usually addressed internally.
Assurance Statements
- DoD and OSD components provide annual assurance statements on the effectiveness of internal controls.
- These statements cover internal controls over operations, financial reporting, and financial systems.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts of internal control and risk management practices. This quiz covers international standards, the role of Enterprise Risk Management, and specific regulations like DoD Instruction 5010.40 and FMFIA. Evaluate your understanding of internal control objectives and associated risks.