Intermolecular Forces and Their Effects
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following substances exhibits hydrogen bonding?

  • CCl4
  • CH3CN
  • CH3I
  • NH3 (correct)

Between CH3CN and CH3I, which molecule has a higher boiling point due to stronger intermolecular forces?

  • CH3CN (correct)
  • CH3I
  • Both have the same boiling point
  • Neither has significant boiling points

Which statement is true regarding dispersion forces?

  • They are stronger than dipole-dipole interactions in all cases.
  • They are the only forces at play in ionic bonding.
  • They dominate in larger molecules regardless of their shape. (correct)
  • They are weaker than hydrogen bonding in all instances.

What is the main reason CCl4 has a higher boiling point than CH3F?

<p>CCl4 has a greater mass and relies on dispersion forces. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the dominant intermolecular force in the solution of NaCl in water.

<p>Ion-dipole interactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pairs would likely have the same type of intermolecular forces?

<p>CH4 and N2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what condition do dipole-dipole interactions dominate intermolecular forces?

<p>When the molecules are significantly polar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of intermolecular force is primarily responsible for the properties of rare gases like argon?

<p>Dispersion forces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an intermolecular force?

<p>Ionic forces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of dispersion forces?

<p>They result from instantaneous dipoles inducing dipoles in nearby particles. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does polarizability affect dispersion forces?

<p>Dispersion forces increase with higher polarizability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily influences the strength of dispersion forces?

<p>The size of the molecule's electron cloud (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the physical properties influenced by intermolecular forces?

<p>The interactions between molecules, such as boiling and melting points. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does polarizability trend as you move down a group in the periodic table?

<p>It increases due to larger atomic size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general rule about the solubility of substances based on their intermolecular forces?

<p>Like dissolves like indicates that similar forces promote solubility. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about van der Waals forces is true?

<p>They include dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding, and London dispersion forces. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following interactions is an example of a hydrogen bond?

<p>Attraction between H2O and NH3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of intermolecular force is primarily responsible for the high boiling point of water?

<p>Hydrogen bonding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What trend occurs when moving from left to right across a period regarding polarizability?

<p>It decreases due to increased effective nuclear charge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the melting and boiling point trend exhibit an anomaly in water (H2O) relative to other hydrogen compounds?

<p>It has stronger hydrogen bonding interactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of intermolecular forces compared to intramolecular forces?

<p>Intermolecular forces are weaker and influence physical properties. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor contributes to the increase in dispersion forces in n-pentane compared to smaller hydrocarbons?

<p>Increased surface area for interaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecular interaction is primarily significant when molecules are in close proximity?

<p>Dipole-dipole attractions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the size of an electron cloud affect the polarizability of larger atoms?

<p>Larger electron clouds are easier to polarize (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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