Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a food chain?
What is a food chain?
Which of the following is a causal organism of Malaria?
Which of the following is a causal organism of Malaria?
What does integrated pest management involve?
What does integrated pest management involve?
What is the primary benefit of poultry farming?
What is the primary benefit of poultry farming?
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What is the concept of the Lac operon?
What is the concept of the Lac operon?
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What is sterilization in a biological context?
What is sterilization in a biological context?
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What is the primary function of biofertilizers?
What is the primary function of biofertilizers?
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What is crossing over in genetics?
What is crossing over in genetics?
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Which of the following are methods of sterilization?
Which of the following are methods of sterilization?
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What happens during binary fission?
What happens during binary fission?
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What are genetic diseases?
What are genetic diseases?
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Which of the following is a form of dominance in genetics?
Which of the following is a form of dominance in genetics?
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What is an operon in genetics?
What is an operon in genetics?
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What is a gene pool?
What is a gene pool?
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What differentiates divergent evolution from convergent evolution?
What differentiates divergent evolution from convergent evolution?
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What are pest-resistant plants?
What are pest-resistant plants?
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Study Notes
Examination Overview
- Examination duration: 3 hours and 15 minutes
- Total marks available: 70
- Total number of questions: 96 (includes sections with different mark allocations)
Instructions for Candidates
- Answers should be written in one's own words whenever possible.
- Each question has specific marks assigned indicated in the right-hand margin.
- Candidates are advised to adhere to the word limits for each response.
- No question should be left unanswered; all must be attempted.
Key Topics Covered
- Sterilization: Defined as a process to eliminate all forms of microbial life.
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Genetic Diseases: Four examples include:
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Huntington's Disease
- Hemophilia
Genetic Concepts
- Co-dominance: A genetic scenario where both alleles contribute to the phenotype simultaneously.
- Incomplete Dominance: The phenotype exhibits a blend of dominant and recessive traits.
- Dominant: An allele that expresses its trait even when paired with a recessive allele.
- Recessive: An allele that only expresses its trait when paired with another recessive allele.
Molecular Biology
- Operon: A genetic unit containing a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter; consists of structural genes and regulatory genes.
- Types of RNAs: Messenger RNA (mRNA), Transfer RNA (tRNA), Ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
Evolutionary Biology
- Gene Pool: The total collection of genes within a population.
- Divergent Evolution: Occurs when two or more related species become more dissimilar.
- Convergent Evolution: Occurs when unrelated species develop similar traits due to shared environments.
Conservation Biology
- Threatened Species Categories: Classified into three categories—critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable—with examples for each.
- Pest Resistant Plants: Genetically modified or selectively bred plants that resist pest attacks, contributing to agricultural sustainability.
Ecology
- Food Chain: The sequence of energy transfer from producers to various levels of consumers. Types include grazing and detrital food chains.
Microbiology and Pathogens
- Causal organisms of diseases include:
- Amoebiasis: Caused by Entamoeba histolytica
- Malaria: Caused by Plasmodium species
- Ascariasis: Caused by Ascaris lumbricoides
- Pneumonia: Commonly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae
Advanced Genetics
- Operon Concept: Describes how a group of genes regulated together can function and respond to environmental changes, exemplified by the Lac operon.
Integrated Pest Management
- A holistic approach to managing pests using both biological and chemical tactics to minimize environmental impact.
Cellular Biology
- Binary Fission in Bacteria: A simple form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotic organisms where a single cell divides into two.
- Metaphase of Mitosis: The stage where chromosomes align in the cell's equatorial plane, crucial for accurate distribution during cell division.
Genetic Processes
- Crossing Over: The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, increasing genetic variation.
- Meselson and Stahl’s Experiment: Demonstrated the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication using isotopes of nitrogen.
Additional Processes
- tRNA Processing: Activation and modification of transfer RNA molecules necessary for translation during protein synthesis.
- Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophage: A viral replication process where viral DNA integrates into the host genome, remaining dormant until triggered to enter the lytic cycle.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Prepare for the Intermediate Biology Examination with this model set. This quiz consists of a total of 96 questions covering various topics in biology, designed to test your understanding and knowledge for the annual exam. Challenge yourself and boost your confidence ahead of the examination.
