Interaction Design Evaluation Techniques

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of evaluation in interaction design?

  • To test usability, functionality, and acceptability (correct)
  • To finalize the design
  • To market the product
  • To create new features

Evaluation should only occur at the end of the design process.

False (B)

Name one evaluation technique that involves expert analysis.

Heuristic evaluation

Evaluation through user participation can include _____ techniques, which observe users interacting with the system.

<p>observational</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the evaluation techniques with their descriptions:

<p>Cognitive walkthrough = Evaluates user task completion Heuristic evaluation = Uses usability principles to identify issues Experimental evaluation = Conducts controlled experiments Query techniques = Gathers user feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of evaluation technique?

<p>A/B testing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nielsen's usability heuristics emphasize the necessity of user feedback during the design process.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using physiological responses in evaluation?

<p>To understand user experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Nielsen’s heuristics, systems should always keep users informed about _____ of the system.

<p>status</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit of conducting evaluation during the design process?

<p>To identify issues early (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of information does the player bar on a YouTube playlist display?

<p>How much of the video is loaded and the current time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

User control and freedom means that users cannot undo their last action.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of using familiar words and phrases in system design?

<p>To enhance user understanding and make the system more intuitive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Internal consistency relates to consistency within a single __________ or across a family of applications.

<p>product</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept of consistency with its definition:

<p>Internal Consistency = Requires uniformity within a single application External Consistency = Adheres to established industry conventions Visual Consistency = Maintains similarity in design elements User Control = Allows users to undo actions easily</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of supporting undo in a user interface?

<p>Allowing item removal from a shopping basket (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is unnecessary for systems to follow real-world conventions in their design.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is visual consistency important in application design?

<p>To create a cohesive user experience and reduce confusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main benefits of consistency in a user interface?

<p>It meets user expectations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Slips are generally caused by users with incomplete information.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Users should not have to wonder whether different words, situations, or __________ mean the same thing.

<p>actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define a 'mistake' in the context of user errors.

<p>Mistakes are errors made by users who have incomplete information about a task or event.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the layers of consistency with their descriptions:

<p>Visual = Symbol and imagery uniformity across the site Functional = Consistency in how features operate Performance = Similar behavior and speed across functionalities Language = Uniform terminology in user interfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

To improve user experience, designs should use _____ rather than recall.

<p>recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of user errors with their descriptions:

<p>Slips = Errors made by expert users due to attention lapses Mistakes = Errors made due to incomplete information or mismatch of mental models</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of recognition in UX design?

<p>Using context images on interfaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using shortcuts in a UI only benefits beginner users.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to prevent errors in user interaction?

<p>Implement error prevention techniques and design to guide user decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

User interfaces should be designed to accommodate both _____ and expert users.

<p>beginners</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a search bar in UX?

<p>To retrieve information without context (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which keyboard shortcut is used to make text italic in most applications?

<p>Ctrl+i (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Error messages should contain complex codes to explain issues to users.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one common way to allow users to recover from errors?

<p>Provide an undo or back button.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most common shortcut to underline text is Ctrl + ______.

<p>u</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each heuristic with its description:

<p>Error prevention = UI checks actions before they are committed User control and freedom = Allows quitting tasks and offers emergency exits Visibility of system status = Informs users of changes in system status Matching the system with the real world = Design resembles real-world concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which heuristic is concerned with ensuring users are informed about the system's status?

<p>Visibility of system status (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Providing help and documentation is unnecessary if a product is easy to use.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one element that contributes to an aesthetic and minimalist design.

<p>Clean and clear presentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Error messages should suggest ______ solutions for recovery.

<p>actionable</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which UI feature helps prevent errors during user actions?

<p>Confirmation before committing actions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Evaluation?

Evaluation helps determine if an interface meets its intended purpose and goals.

When should Evaluation happen?

Evaluation should be an ongoing process, not just a final step. It helps catch problems early on in the design process.

What does Evaluation assess?

Evaluation assesses a system's usability, functionality, and how well it meets user needs.

Expert Analysis Techniques

Experts analyze a system to identify potential problems based on established principles and frameworks.

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Cognitive Walkthrough

This evaluation method examines how well users complete tasks in a system by analyzing each step.

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Heuristic Evaluation

Heuristic Evaluation uses established usability principles, such as consistency and clarity, to find usability issues.

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Model-based Evaluation

This technique uses formal models to predict user interactions and identify potential problems.

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Using Previous Studies

Leveraging past research findings and evaluations helps understand user behavior and identify potential challenges.

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Experimental Evaluation

Controlled experiments are conducted to test hypotheses about user behavior and system performance.

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Observational Techniques

Observational techniques involve observing users actually using the system in their natural environment or a controlled setting.

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Speaking the User's Language

The user interface should clearly show what's happening, using familiar language and concepts.

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Using Familiar Metaphors

Use familiar concepts and metaphors that users already know.

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Natural and Logical Order

The information should be logically organized, making it easy for users to find things.

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User Control and Freedom

Users should be able to undo mistakes or change their minds.

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Undoing Actions

Allow users to go back to the previous state of the system.

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Internal Consistency

Consistency within a single product or family of products.

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External Consistency

Consistency with established conventions in an industry or on the web.

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Visual Consistency

Visual elements like icons, images, and colors should be consistent throughout the application.

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Consistency Across Applications

All elements should have a consistent look and feel across different applications.

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Brand Consistency

The design should be consistent with the overall visual style and branding.

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Industry Standards for User Input

Using familiar patterns and standards for inputting information like dates, phone numbers, or locations instead of creating unique formats.

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Consistent Page Components

Elements that remain consistent across different pages of a website, contributing to a unified and predictable user experience.

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Benefits of Consistent Design

The benefits of maintaining a consistent design extend beyond aesthetics, including meeting user expectations and reducing learning curves.

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Slips

Errors that are often caused by experts who make slips due to fatigue, distraction, or minor mistakes in execution.

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Mistakes

Errors that occur due to a lack of understanding or incorrect mental model of how a system works.

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Recognition over Recall

Presenting information in a way that users can easily recognize and make sense of, reducing demands on memory and cognitive effort.

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Context Images

Images that create a visual context for the user, offering a first impression and setting the tone for the web page or application.

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Walkthroughs

Interactive guides that help users learn how to use a new app by visually demonstrating features and processes.

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Flexibility and Efficiency in Interface Design

The ability for an interface to be used effectively by both new users and experienced users through adaptive features and options.

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Accelerators for Experienced Users

Shortcuts or accelerators that allow users to perform common tasks more efficiently and quickly, improving productivity.

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Visibility of System Status

Users should be able to easily understand the current state of the system and what is happening. This includes providing clear feedback and status updates.

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Error Prevention

Design interfaces to prevent errors from happening in the first place. This involves using appropriate constraints, confirmations, and clear instructions.

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Matching the System with the Real World

Design the interface to match real-world concepts and expectations. This makes it easier for users to learn and understand how to use the system.

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Help Users Recognize, Diagnose & Recover from Errors

Error messages should be clear, informative, and use plain language, offering a solution to the problem without technical jargon.

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Help and Documentation

Provide clear, concise, and accessible help and documentation, even for systems designed to be easy to use.

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Consistency

All elements within a design should be consistent in terms of visual style, language, and functionality. This creates a unified and predictable user experience.

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Remembering Shortcuts

Avoid using shortcuts that require specialized knowledge or memorization, especially for inexperienced users. Stick to common conventions and well-known shortcuts.

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Aesthetic and Minimalist Design

Design for clarity and simplicity, avoiding clutter, distractions, and unnecessary complexity. Use clean layouts, appropriate typography, and a minimal approach.

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Feedback

Design interfaces that provide immediate and relevant feedback to user actions, ensuring users understand the consequences of their choices.

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Study Notes

Lecture 6: Evaluation

  • Evaluation helps determine if an interface meets its requirements.
  • Design evaluations identify potential problems before final implementation.
  • Evaluation should be a continuous process throughout design, not just at the end.
  • Evaluation assesses usability, functionality, and acceptability of interactive systems.
  • Evaluation should be consistent with the design stage and initial goals.
  • Various usability dimensions should be considered.
  • A range of techniques can be utilized for evaluation.
  • Issues should be identified and addressed promptly.

The Process of Interaction Design

  • The interaction design process is cyclical.
  • Starting with establishing requirements.
  • Followed by designing alternatives.
  • Prototyping the design.
  • Evaluating the prototype.

What is Evaluation? (Additional Details)

  • Evaluation is crucial for identifying issues early on preventing costly revisions later.
  • Iterative approach is vital to fix problems and improve the design.
  • Evaluating interface components at different stages of design.

Evaluation Techniques

  • There are two main categories of evaluation techniques.
  • Evaluation through expert analysis.
    • Cognitive walkthroughs are used to evaluate usability by analyzing how users complete tasks.
    • Heuristic evaluations apply usability principles to identify usability issues.
    • Model-based evaluations utilize formal models to predict user interactions.
    • Using previous studies leverages findings from prior research or evaluations.
  • Evaluation through user participation
    • Conducting controlled experiments can help assess system performance.
    • Observing user interactions helps determine if issues exist.
    • Collecting feedback through surveys and interviews provides valuable data.
    • Physiological responses can reveal useful user experience insights.
    • Physiological study techniques that measure physical responses, such as eye-tracking, heart rate, help better understand the experience.

10 Usability Heuristics

  • Visibility of system status: Systems should keep users informed about ongoing tasks.
  • Match between system and the real world: Familiar words, concepts, and conventions are crucial.
  • User control and freedom: Users should be able to undo actions and exit tasks.
  • Consistency and standards: Actions should produce predictable outcomes.
  • Error prevention: UI design should minimize the likelihood of errors.
  • Recognition rather than recall: Users should be able to identify than retrieve information.
  • Flexibility and efficiency of use: Different users should be able to quickly do tasks.
  • Aesthetic and minimalist design: Design should enhance user experience.
  • Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors: Instructions should clearly explain issues and solutions.
  • Help and documentation: Useful information allows users to understand and effectively use the system.

Layers of Consistency

  • The design of an application requires layers of consistency.
    • Visual consistency maintains consistency in symbols, iconography, and imagery.
      • Consistent use of imagery with similar appearance in components contributes to a user-friendly experience.
    • User-entered data leverages industry standards for items such as dates, phone numbers, or locations.

Walkthroughs

  • Walkthroughs employ images and text to familiarize users with new applications by drawing from familiar elements in other apps.

Recall vs. Recognition

  • Recall: Retrieving information without cues from memory.
  • Recognition: Identifying familiar information.

Search Bars

Search bars with contextless input. Search bars with instant results and recognition functionalities.

Flexibility & Efficiency of Use

  • Designing user interfaces that support both novice and experienced users
  • Short-cuts or accelerators to expedite tasks.

Aesthetic and Minimalist Design

  • Essential to provide clean and clear information especially on digital platforms.
  • Example: Apple website

Help & Documentation

  • Providing helpful documents, even if the system or product seems straightforward.

Practice Exercises

  • Applications of Nielsen's heuristics in various figures.
  • Explanations for the identified heuristics.

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