Intelligence and Social Groups Quiz
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Questions and Answers

According to Arthur Jensen, how did he define intelligence?

  • The ability to solve abstract mathematical puzzles
  • The ability to discover rules and patterns (correct)
  • The ability to apply discoveries to solve problems
  • The ability to understand literary fiction

    • According to N.J. Mackintosh, what is the nature of intelligence?

  • There is no agreed definition of the nature of intelligence (correct)
  • Intelligence is the ability to understand literary fiction
  • Intelligence is the ability to solve abstract mathematical puzzles
  • Intelligence is the ability to discover rules and patterns

    • What is one of the criticisms of the idea that intelligence can be easily defined and measured on a single scale?

  • Intelligence tests are influenced by social factors (correct)
  • Intelligence can be accurately measured through intelligence tests
  • Intelligence is based on environmental factors
  • Intelligence is an innate quality

    • According to Howard Gardner, how many different forms of intelligence are highlighted in his theory of multiple intelligences?

    <p>Eight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Mackintosh, what does Gardner's account fail to distinguish between?

    <p>Intelligence, talents, and skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Paul Henderson, who has the power to establish definitions of intelligence?

    <p>The middle class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average score on IQ tests?

    <p>100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which social groups are critics arguing that IQ tests are biased towards?

    <p>White, middle-class people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors contribute to a person's intelligence according to the text?

    <p>Genetics and environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Otto Klineberg and Philip Vernon question the validity of?

    <p>IQ tests as measures of intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does research on identical twins suggest about the influence of genetics on intelligence?

    <p>Intelligence has a substantial genetic component, possibly 50% or more</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Herrnstein and Murray, what percentage of the variation in human intelligence is genetically transmitted between generations?

    <p>60-70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to critics, what is a flaw in Herrnstein and Murray's argument?

    <p>They ignore the effects of inherited wealth and socialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do some commentators argue about estimating the degree to which intelligence is determined by genetic and environmental factors?

    <p>It is not possible to estimate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Henderson, what is a criticism of the three main approaches to the heredity and environment debate?

    <p>They fail to question the social basis of intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Howard Gardner, how many different forms of intelligence are highlighted in his theory of multiple intelligences?

    <p>Eight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Gardner, which form of intelligence is linked to science or interpreting graphs?

    <p>Spatial intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average score on IQ tests?

    <p>100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Saunders, what does he argue about the validity of IQ tests?

    <p>They are a reasonably valid and reliable indicator of intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Arthur Jensen, how did he define intelligence?

    <p>The ability to discover rules and patterns and apply them to solve problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Robert Plomin et al., what is a characteristic of the term 'intelligence' within psychology?

    <p>It has multiple different meanings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to critics, what is a flaw in the idea that intelligence can be easily defined and measured on a single scale?

    <p>It does not consider multiple forms of intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which social groups are critics arguing that IQ tests are biased towards?

    <p>Middle-class people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does research on identical twins suggest about the influence of genetics on intelligence?

    <p>Genetics have a substantial influence on intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the criticisms of the idea that intelligence can be easily defined and measured on a single scale?

    <p>It fails to distinguish between different forms of intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Otto Klineberg's test on Yakima Native American children, why did they produce low scores on the IQ test?

    <p>They did not finish within the required time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Herrnstein and Murray argue about the best universities in the USA?

    <p>They admit students on the basis of their performance in standardised tests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do critics argue about the extent to which intelligence is determined by genetic factors?

    <p>Critics argue that no more than 40 per cent of intelligence is inherited.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do some commentators argue can affect performance in IQ tests?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Henderson criticize about the three main approaches to the heredity and environment debate?

    <p>They fail to question the social basis of the concept of intelligence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difficulty associated with defining intelligence?

    <p>The lack of consensus among psychologists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Arthur Jensen, how did he define intelligence?

    <p>The ability to discover the rules and patterns underlying objects and events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences challenge?

    <p>The idea that intelligence can be easily defined and measured on a single scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Otto Klineberg's test on Yakima Native American children, why did they produce low scores on the IQ test?

    <p>They did not finish the test within the required time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the criticisms of the idea that intelligence can be easily defined and measured on a single scale?

    <p>IQ tests are culturally biased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to some social scientists, what is the main factor that explains the differences in people's IQ scores?

    <p>Genetic differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Saunders, what is the nature of intelligence?

    <p>A combination of genetics and environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Howard Gardner, how many different forms of intelligence are highlighted in his theory of multiple intelligences?

    <p>Eight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Paul Henderson, what is the concept of intelligence used for in society?

    <p>To legitimize the allocation of high-status positions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do IQ tests measure?

    <p>Verbal ability, spatial ability, and abstract reasoning ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Saunders, what does IQ measure?

    <p>Approximate differences in average levels of intelligence between different social groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Herrnstein and Murray, what percentage of the variation in human intelligence is genetically transmitted between generations?

    <p>Between 60 and 70 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the criticisms of the idea that intelligence can be easily defined and measured on a single scale?

    <p>There are various forms of intelligence, including emotional intelligence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Henderson, what is a criticism of the three main approaches to the heredity and environment debate?

    <p>They fail to question the social basis of the concept of intelligence and the functions performed by this concept in a class society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do some commentators argue can affect performance in IQ tests?

    <p>Education, previous experience, motivation, emotional state, and physical health</p> Signup and view all the answers

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