Integumentary System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of the epidermis in the integumentary system?

  • Senses pleasant stimulation
  • Regulates body temperature
  • Acts as the body's protective covering (correct)
  • Eliminates waste through perspiration

    • Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

  • Sensing unpleasant stimuli
  • Serving as an organ of elimination
  • Producing hormones for growth (correct)
  • Preventing microorganisms from entering the body

    • What changes occur in the integumentary system as a person ages?

  • Increased sensation in the skin
  • Thickening of the dermis layer
  • Decreased elasticity and hydration (correct)
  • Enhanced ability to regulate temperature

    • Which component is included in the structure of the integumentary system?

    <p>Epidermis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is commonly associated with the integumentary system?

    <p>Psoriasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major threat associated with wound injuries?

    <p>Infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of wound care?

    <p>To prevent infection and further injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common cause of skin tears?

    <p>Gentle massaging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if you cause or find a skin tear?

    <p>Inform the supervisor immediately (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the body is considered the first line of defense against infection?

    <p>Skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a typical site for skin tears?

    <p>The hands, arms, and lower legs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you observe about wounds during care?

    <p>Size and signs of infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity could possibly lead to a skin tear?

    <p>Holding a client’s limb too tightly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of placing a client at risk for pressure ulcers on a specialized surface?

    <p>To relieve or reduce pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT serve as a protective device to prevent or treat pressure ulcers?

    <p>Physical therapy exercises (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant risk factor for pressure ulcers does Mr. Montoya have due to his medical history?

    <p>History of type 2 diabetes mellitus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention should be prioritized by Kristin to reduce Mr. Montoya's skin breakdown risks after noticing a blister?

    <p>Elevate the heel off the bed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following lifestyle choices made by Mr. Montoya could contribute to his risk of developing pressure ulcers?

    <p>Self-monitoring blood glucose irregularly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In assessing Mr. Montoya, which category of the Braden Scale would be noted as particularly relevant regarding his mobility?

    <p>Mobility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Mr. Montoya's history of smoking potentially impact his risk for skin breakdown?

    <p>It decreases oxygen levels in the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be a consequence of Mr. Montoya's weight loss in the context of pressure ulcer development?

    <p>Decreased tissue perfusion and hydration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following individuals is at the highest risk for developing a pressure ulcer?

    <p>A 70-year-old patient with diabetes and poor mobility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for skin tears?

    <p>Good nutrition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent pressure ulcers?

    <p>Regularly repositioning the patient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why individuals with altered mental awareness are at a higher risk of skin tears and pressure ulcers?

    <p>They may be unable to communicate their discomfort or pain. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following contributes to pressure ulcer development?

    <p>Exposing skin to friction and shearing forces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of pressure ulcers?

    <p>Pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to keep the client's nails short when providing care?

    <p>To minimize the risk of skin tears during handling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a skin tear and a pressure ulcer?

    <p>Skin tears are superficial injuries, while pressure ulcers involve damage to underlying tissue. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sign indicates that skin may be losing its strength during the aging process?

    <p>Skin becomes less elastic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which skin disorder is characterized by painful raised blisters?

    <p>Shingles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of hives?

    <p>Allergic reactions to certain foods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What typically characterizes dermatitis?

    <p>Inflammation from irritating substances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of eczema?

    <p>Increased perspiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of boils?

    <p>Staphylococcus bacteria infection of hair follicles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of skin cancer is considered the most dangerous?

    <p>Melanoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by intense itching caused by a mite?

    <p>Scabies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes a skin tag?

    <p>Flap of skin that is not painful (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding athletes foot?

    <p>It is a fungal skin infection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common treatment for an impetigo infection?

    <p>Antibiotic medication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of pressure ulcers?

    <p>Prolonged pressure on the skin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of skin cancer?

    <p>Malignant growth usually visible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is commonly associated with aging skin?

    <p>Itching sensations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Integumentary System (HCAP 1210)

    • The integumentary system is the body's largest system.
    • It consists of two layers: the epidermis (outer) and dermis (inner).
    • The system serves as a protective barrier, preventing microorganisms and other substances from entering the body.
    • It helps regulate body temperature through perspiration.
    • Nerve endings in the skin allow for the sensation of pleasant and unpleasant stimuli.
    • Skin color can indicate a physical condition.

    Physical Changes with Aging

    • Skin becomes dry, fragile, and easily injured.
    • Skin loses strength and elasticity, becoming thinner and sagging.
    • Skin becomes itchy.
    • Brown spots appear on wrists and hands.
    • Nails become thicker and tougher.
    • Hair whitens or greys and thins.
    • Facial hair may increase in some women.
    • Blood vessels and nerve endings decrease in number.
    • Fatty tissue layer is lost.

    Integumentary Disorders

    • Hives (urticaria)
      • Relativel common allergic reaction.
      • Causes raised red skin welts (wheals).
      • Wheals vary in size from a few millimeters to larger.
      • Potential causes include allergies (shellfish, drugs)
    • Dermatitis
      • Inflammation of the skin caused by irritant or allergy.
      • Contact dermatitis (allergic response to material like chemicals).
      • Irritant dermatitis (reaction to chemicals in soaps).
    • Eczema
      • Inflammatory skin condition varying in presentation per person.
      • Characterized by dry, red, and extremely itchy patches of skin.
      • Can involve papular or vesicular lesions (raised bumps or fluid-filled blisters)
    • Shingles
      • Viral infection by herpes varicella-zoster virus.
      • Causes painful rash of raised blisters that can appear anywhere on the body.
      • Blister outbreak typically lasts 2 weeks.
      • Often accompanied by debilitating pain, itching, and tingling.
    • Scabies
      • Highly contagious skin infection caused by a mite.
      • Mites burrow under the skin and lay eggs causing intense itching.
      • Transmitted by skin-to-skin contact.
      • Contagious for at least a month.
    • Psoriasis
      • Persistent skin disorder causing red scaly plaques (patches) on the skin.
      • Patches can appear anywhere on the body.
      • Areas of excessive skin accumulation that are inflamed.
      • Cause is not fully understood; stress and alcohol can worsen the rash.
    • Boil (furuncle)
      • Skin disorder caused by infection of hair follicles usually by Staphylococcus bacteria.
      • Boils appear as painful, red, pus-filled lumps.
      • Commonly found on the back, underarms, shoulders, thighs, and buttocks.
    • Cyst
      • Abnormal, closed sac that can develop anywhere on the body.
      • Contains air, fluids, or semi-solid material and has a distinct membrane.
      • Will remain in the tissue unless removed surgically or by medication.
    • Impetigo
      • Contagious skin disorder caused by Streptococcus or Staphylococcus bacteria.
      • Infected area forms crusts that drain and spread bacteria.
      • Spread by client scratching the area and touching other parts of the body.
    • Skin Tag
      • Small flap of flesh-colored skin that looks like a droplet or tag.
      • Not painful, Most common in women and older adults.
    • Athletes Foot
      • Highly contagious fungal skin infection.
      • Affected foot peels, burns, itches, and turns red.
      • Easily spread through contact.
    • Skin Cancer
      • Malignant growths on the skin usually presenting in epidermis.
      • Easily visible.
      • Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas are the two most common types.
      • Malignant melanoma is the most dangerous type and can be fatal if not treated early.

    Wound Care

    • Skin is the body's first line of defense against infection.
    • Preventing skin injury is crucial to prevent breakdown.
    • Wounds are breaks in the skin or mucous membranes, and infection is a major concern.
    • Wound care involves: infection prevention; preventing further injury; preventing blood loss; preventing pain.

    Skin Tear

    • A skin tear is a break or rip in the skin's epidermis.
    • Common locations are hands, arms, and lower legs.
    • Causes:
      • Friction and shearing
      • Pulling or pressure
      • Bumping against a hard surface
      • Tightly holding a limb
      • Repositioning, bathing, dressing
      • Pulling buttons/zippers
    • Risk factors: elderly; frail skin; poor nutrition; impaired mobility; hydration issues; altered mental status.
    • Important to report tears or injuries; careful handling and assessment is needed to prevent further injury.

    Pressure Ulcers

    • Decubitus ulcers, bed sores.
    • Injury caused by unrelieved pressure on skin and underlying tissues.
    • Often develop over bony prominences (shoulders, hips, heels).
    • Risk factors: pressure, shearing, friction; breaks in skin; poor circulation to an area; moisture; dry, flaky skin; irritation by urine and feces; immobility, poor nutrition, altered mental status, diabetes, vascular disease.
    • Clients at risk for pressure ulcers: confined to bed or chair; require help in moving; bowel/bladder issues; poor nutrition; altered mental status; circulatory problems; elderly; obese/very thin individuals
    • Stages of Pressure Ulcers (I-IV) characterized by increasing tissue damage. Stage I is non-blanchable redness; Stage IV is exposed bone, tendon, or muscle.

    Complications of Wounds

    • Infection can occur at any time (signs: tenderness, drainage, fever)
    • Dehiscence: separation of wound layers
    • Evisceration: protrusion of abdominal organs with wound separation.
    • Hemorrhage (excessive blood loss internally or externally): (signs: shock, vomiting blood, coughing up blood, loss of consciousness.)
    • Shock (not enough blood supply): (signs: low blood pressure, rapid/weak pulse, pale/moist/cold skin)

    Wound Drainage

    • Serous: clear, watery fluid.
    • Sanguineous: bloody fluid
    • Serosanguineous: thin, blood-tinged fluid.
    • Purulent: thick, yellow or green (or brown) fluids; likely foul-smelling. The type of drainage can indicate the cause of the wound.

    Treatment Options (for Leg & Foot Ulcers)

    • Follow care plans and procedures to limit skin breakdown.
    • Carefully handle, move, and reposition clients.
    • Ensure clients receive appropriate foot care.
    • Medicated bandages, wound care products, and devices often prescribed by the doctor.
    • Elastic bandages or stockings.

    Protective Devices

    • Special beds
    • Bed cradles
    • Elbow protectors
    • Heel protectors
    • Flotation pads/cushions
    • Egg crate mattresses
    • Pillows
    • Trochanter rolls
    • Footboards
    • Used to prevent pressure ulcers and skin breakdown

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    Related Documents

    HCAP 1210 Integumentary System PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the integumentary system, including its primary roles, functions, and changes that occur with aging. This quiz covers various components, diseases, and wound care practices associated with the skin. Assess how well you understand this important system in the human body.

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