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Questions and Answers
What are the names of two GLP-1 analogues?
What are the names of two GLP-1 analogues?
Exenatide and Liraglutide.
Identify one DPP-4 inhibitor.
Identify one DPP-4 inhibitor.
Sitagliptin.
Which class of medications includes Canagliflozin?
Which class of medications includes Canagliflozin?
Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors.
What is an example of a meglitinide?
What is an example of a meglitinide?
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Study Notes
Insulin Secretion Stimulants
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Sulfonylureas: Medications that promote insulin release from the pancreas.
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1st Generation:
- Chlorpropamide: Long-acting sulfonylurea; risk of hypoglycemia.
- Tolbutamide: Shorter duration, lower risk of hypoglycemia than chlorpropamide.
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2nd Generation:
- Glipizide: More potent than 1st generation; minimal side effects.
- Glyburide: More effective for long-term use; associated with weight gain.
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1st Generation:
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Meglitinides: Fast-acting insulin secretagogues.
- Nateglinide: Short duration; effective post meal.
- Repaglinide: Similar mechanism; crucial for managing blood glucose spikes after meals.
GLP-1 Analogues
- Exenatide: Mimics incretin hormones; enhances insulin secretion in response to meals.
- Liraglutide: Long-acting; supports weight loss and improves glycemic control.
- Semaglutide: Reduces appetite; found effective for type 2 diabetes management.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors
- Linagliptin: No dose adjustment needed for renal impairment; generally well-tolerated.
- Saxagliptin: Effective; risk of heart failure in certain patients.
- Sitagliptin: Widely used; often prescribed in combination therapies.
Sodium - Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors
- Canagliflozin: Decreases renal glucose reabsorption; potential cardiovascular benefits.
- Dapagliflozin: Renal protective; associated with weight loss.
- Empagliflozin: Has cardiovascular and renal protection properties; aids in weight reduction.
Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
- Acarbose: Slows carbohydrate absorption in the intestine; may cause gastrointestinal side effects.
- Miglitol: Similar action to acarbose; helps lower postprandial blood glucose levels.
Amylin Analogues
- Pramlintide: Complement to insulin therapy; helps control post-meal blood sugar levels and promotes satiety.
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Description
This quiz covers various classes of insulin secretion stimulants including sulfonylureas, meglitinides, GLP-1 analogues, DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT-2 inhibitors, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and amylin analogues. Test your knowledge on the specific medications and their mechanisms of action. Perfect for students or professionals in the medical field.
