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Questions and Answers
What is the primary mechanism by which the liver reduces the hyperglycemic effect of a high-carbohydrate meal?
What is the primary mechanism by which the liver reduces the hyperglycemic effect of a high-carbohydrate meal?
- By releasing insulin into the bloodstream
- By stimulating the β-cells of the pancreas to secrete glucagon
- By extracting relatively more glucose from the portal plasma than in the fasting state (correct)
- By increasing the breakdown of glycogen into glucose
What is the threshold plasma glucose concentration that stimulates insulin release from the pancreas β-cell?
What is the threshold plasma glucose concentration that stimulates insulin release from the pancreas β-cell?
- 5 mmol/L (correct)
- 10 mmol/L
- 7 mmol/L
- 3 mmol/L
What is the effect of insulin on muscle and adipose tissue cells?
What is the effect of insulin on muscle and adipose tissue cells?
- It inhibits the uptake of glucose into these cells
- It enhances the entry of glucose into these cells (correct)
- It has no effect on glucose uptake in these cells
- It stimulates the breakdown of glycogen into glucose in these cells
What is the primary function of glucagon in carbohydrate metabolism?
What is the primary function of glucagon in carbohydrate metabolism?
What is the impact of insulin on glycogen synthesis?
What is the impact of insulin on glycogen synthesis?
What is the relationship between insulin and glucagon in carbohydrate metabolism?
What is the relationship between insulin and glucagon in carbohydrate metabolism?
What is the effect of insulin on lipogenesis?
What is the effect of insulin on lipogenesis?
What is the role of the glucose transporter 2 in insulin release?
What is the role of the glucose transporter 2 in insulin release?
What is the primary source of glucose in the fasting state?
What is the primary source of glucose in the fasting state?
What is the effect of insulin on protein synthesis?
What is the effect of insulin on protein synthesis?
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