Insecticidal Agents - Permethrin Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the primary effects of permethrin on nerve cells?

  • It disrupts the sodium channel current. (correct)
  • It increases membrane polarization.
  • It enhances sodium channel activity.
  • It strengthens nerve cell membranes.

    • Which of the following is a possible outcome of delayed repolarization caused by permethrin?

  • Heightened sensory perception.
  • Numbness and tingling. (correct)
  • Increased neural responsiveness.
  • Improved nerve function.

    • Which contraindication is associated with the use of permethrin?

  • Known hypersensitivity. (correct)
  • Concomitant use of other pesticides.
  • Pregnancy.
  • Severe dehydration.

    • What is a primary route by which permethrin metabolites are eliminated from the body?

    <p>Urine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be noted regarding the use of permethrin according to caution guidance?

    <p>It should be used only as needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action for Permethrin in treating infestations?

    <p>Disrupts sodium channel current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of Permethrin?

    <p>Chrysanthemum allergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect associated with the use of Permethrin?

    <p>Contact dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following conditions should Permethrin be used with caution?

    <p>Asthma exacerbation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Permethrin typically applied for treating pediculosis?

    <p>Applied twice, seven to 10 days apart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pests is Permethrin effective against?

    <p>A broad range including ticks and fleas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be noted about Permethrin's ovicidal action?

    <p>It has no ovicidal properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the safety considerations for using Permethrin during pregnancy or lactation?

    <p>Generally safe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the consequences of disturbances in QT prolongation?

    <p>Repolarization and paralysis of pests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism primarily metabolizes Permethrin?

    <p>Ester hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which condition is Lindane lotion recommended?

    <p>Infestations of Sarcoptes scabiei only in specific patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential adverse effect can occur from using Lindane lotion?

    <p>Convulsions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant warning associated with the use of Lindane lotion?

    <p>Not recommended for use during pregnancy or lactation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor in the parasiticidal action of Lindane?

    <p>It is absorbed directly into parasites and their ova</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about Malathion lotion?

    <p>It has significant neurotoxic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of patients should Lindane Lotion be used with caution?

    <p>Infants, children, and individuals with other skin conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary exit routes for the inactive metabolites of Permethrin?

    <p>Urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is classified as a pediculicide?

    <p>Lindane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following individuals is contraindicated for the use of Lindane Lotion?

    <p>A premature infant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended for patients with crusted scabies regarding other therapies?

    <p>They should receive adequate doses of other approved therapies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions may increase systemic absorption of Lindane?

    <p>Atopic dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the serious risk associated with repeated or prolonged application of Lindane Lotion?

    <p>Neurologic toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should Lindane Lotion usage be approached with caution in infants and individuals weighing less than 110 lbs?

    <p>Their liver enzymes may not metabolize the drug effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be performed to confirm the diagnosis of scabies before using Lindane?

    <p>Microscopic evaluation of skin scrapings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper method for cleaning items recently worn by individuals infested with scabies?

    <p>Wash in very hot water or dry-clean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does itching play after treating with Lindane Lotion?

    <p>Is a normal reaction to successful treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for using Lindane Lotion?

    <p>Severe allergic reactions to similar products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant caution to consider when using Permethrin as a treatment?

    <p>Use with caution during pregnancy and lactation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug class can have a significant interaction with Lindane Lotion?

    <p>Centrally active anticholinesterases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential side effect of Permethrin treatment?

    <p>Burning and stinging sensation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the use of Lindane is true?

    <p>Patients must be instructed on the proper use before application.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a condition that requires caution when using scabies treatments?

    <p>Pregnancy and lactation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential piece of information to provide to patients prescribed with Permethrin?

    <p>Leave on for the specified duration as directed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Insecticidal Agents - Permethrin

    • Drug Class: Insecticidal agents
    • Drug Example: Permethrin 1% (Nix)
    • Indications: Head lice, pediculosis pubis, scabies
    • Mechanism of Action (MOA): Permethrin is a pyrethroid, active against various pests (lice, ticks, fleas, mites, etc.). It acts on nerve cell membranes, disrupting sodium channels, causing delayed repolarization and paralysis of the pest.
    • Contraindications: Avoid in patients with contact dermatitis, asthma exacerbation; mild/transient burning, stinging/itching, or chrysanthemum allergy.
    • Drug Interactions (D2D): No specific interactions noted, but always do a medication reconciliation.
    • Side Effects (SE): Contact dermatitis, asthma exacerbation, mild/transient burning, stinging, and itching.
    • QT prolongation/Risk of TdP: None noted.
    • Pregnancy/Lactation: Safe to use.
    • Notes: Non-ovicidal therapies for pediculosis should be applied twice, 7-10 days apart.

    Insecticides - Pyrethrins and Malathion

    • Drug Examples: Pyrethrins 0.3%/piperonyl butoxide 4% (Rid), Malathion 0.5% Lotion (Ovide), Gammexene (Lindane)
    • Mechanism of Action (MOA): Pyrethrins are neurotoxic to lice; Lindane, an ectoparasiticide, and ovicide is effective against scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei); Malathion is neurotoxic to lice
    • Indication (Scabies): Should only be used in patients who cannot tolerate other treatments, or if other treatments have failed.
    • Side Effects: CNS stimulant (when absorbed systemically), convulsions, and death.
    • Contraindications: In premature infants, individuals with uncontrolled seizure disorders, and patients who cannot tolerate first-line treatments.
    • Warnings: Lindane lotion should only be used in patients who cannot tolerate safer medications. Neurologic toxicity can occur with repeated or prolonged use, particularly in infants and young children.
    • Important Considerations for Scabies Treatment: includes microscopic evaluation of skin, ensuring sexual contacts are also treated, washing clothing/bedding/etc. in very hot water/dry cleaning, and proper use/application guidance..

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    Related Documents

    Module 9 Unit D Infestations 2024 PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the essential aspects of the insecticidal agent Permethrin, including its indications, mechanism of action, contraindications, drug interactions, and side effects. Learn about the uses of Permethrin in treating head lice, scabies, and more. Evaluate your knowledge on this important medication.

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