Insecticidal Agents - Permethrin Overview
38 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is one of the primary effects of permethrin on nerve cells?

  • It disrupts the sodium channel current. (correct)
  • It increases membrane polarization.
  • It enhances sodium channel activity.
  • It strengthens nerve cell membranes.

Which of the following is a possible outcome of delayed repolarization caused by permethrin?

  • Heightened sensory perception.
  • Numbness and tingling. (correct)
  • Increased neural responsiveness.
  • Improved nerve function.

Which contraindication is associated with the use of permethrin?

  • Known hypersensitivity. (correct)
  • Concomitant use of other pesticides.
  • Pregnancy.
  • Severe dehydration.

What is a primary route by which permethrin metabolites are eliminated from the body?

<p>Urine. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be noted regarding the use of permethrin according to caution guidance?

<p>It should be used only as needed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action for Permethrin in treating infestations?

<p>Disrupts sodium channel current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of Permethrin?

<p>Chrysanthemum allergy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect associated with the use of Permethrin?

<p>Contact dermatitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following conditions should Permethrin be used with caution?

<p>Asthma exacerbation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Permethrin typically applied for treating pediculosis?

<p>Applied twice, seven to 10 days apart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pests is Permethrin effective against?

<p>A broad range including ticks and fleas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be noted about Permethrin's ovicidal action?

<p>It has no ovicidal properties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the safety considerations for using Permethrin during pregnancy or lactation?

<p>Generally safe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences of disturbances in QT prolongation?

<p>Repolarization and paralysis of pests (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism primarily metabolizes Permethrin?

<p>Ester hydrolysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For which condition is Lindane lotion recommended?

<p>Infestations of Sarcoptes scabiei only in specific patients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential adverse effect can occur from using Lindane lotion?

<p>Convulsions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant warning associated with the use of Lindane lotion?

<p>Not recommended for use during pregnancy or lactation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor in the parasiticidal action of Lindane?

<p>It is absorbed directly into parasites and their ova (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about Malathion lotion?

<p>It has significant neurotoxic effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of patients should Lindane Lotion be used with caution?

<p>Infants, children, and individuals with other skin conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary exit routes for the inactive metabolites of Permethrin?

<p>Urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is classified as a pediculicide?

<p>Lindane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals is contraindicated for the use of Lindane Lotion?

<p>A premature infant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for patients with crusted scabies regarding other therapies?

<p>They should receive adequate doses of other approved therapies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions may increase systemic absorption of Lindane?

<p>Atopic dermatitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the serious risk associated with repeated or prolonged application of Lindane Lotion?

<p>Neurologic toxicity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should Lindane Lotion usage be approached with caution in infants and individuals weighing less than 110 lbs?

<p>Their liver enzymes may not metabolize the drug effectively (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be performed to confirm the diagnosis of scabies before using Lindane?

<p>Microscopic evaluation of skin scrapings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper method for cleaning items recently worn by individuals infested with scabies?

<p>Wash in very hot water or dry-clean. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does itching play after treating with Lindane Lotion?

<p>Is a normal reaction to successful treatment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for using Lindane Lotion?

<p>Severe allergic reactions to similar products. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant caution to consider when using Permethrin as a treatment?

<p>Use with caution during pregnancy and lactation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug class can have a significant interaction with Lindane Lotion?

<p>Centrally active anticholinesterases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of Permethrin treatment?

<p>Burning and stinging sensation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the use of Lindane is true?

<p>Patients must be instructed on the proper use before application. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a condition that requires caution when using scabies treatments?

<p>Pregnancy and lactation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential piece of information to provide to patients prescribed with Permethrin?

<p>Leave on for the specified duration as directed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Repolarization

The process of a neuron returning to its resting state after being stimulated.

QT Prolongation

A condition where the heart's electrical activity is disrupted, leading to a prolonged QT interval on an electrocardiogram.

Torsades de Pointes (TdP)

A potentially fatal irregular heartbeat that can occur in patients with QT prolongation.

Permethrin

A medication used to kill lice (pediculicide) that works by disrupting the nervous system of the lice.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pyrethrins

A type of insecticide used to kill mites and lice (scabicide and pediculicide).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Malathion

A medication used to kill lice (pediculicide) that works by disrupting the nervous system of the lice.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lindane

A medication used to treat scabies (scabicide) that works by disrupting the nervous system of the mites.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Piperonyl Butoxide

A type of insecticide that is often combined with pyrethrins to enhance their effectiveness.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How does Permethrin work?

Permethrin is a type of insecticide that works by affecting the sodium channels in nerve cell membranes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the effects of permethrin on pests?

When the sodium channels are disrupted, the nerve cell's ability to send signals is impaired, leading to numbness, tingling, and paralysis in the affected pest.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How is permethrin metabolized?

Permethrin is quickly broken down in the body into inactive substances (metabolites), which are primarily eliminated in the urine.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the safety considerations for permethrin?

Permethrin is generally safe to use for a limited time. It's important to follow dosage recommendations and avoid prolonged use.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the contraindications and cautions for using permethrin?

Permethrin is not recommended for individuals with known hypersensitivity to the insecticide. It's also important to exercise caution for potential risks like QT prolongation and TdP.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Permethrin MOA

Permethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that disrupts the sodium channel in the nerve cell membranes of insects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Permethrin Indications

Permethrin is used to treat infestations like head lice, pubic lice, scabies, and other parasitic infections.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Permethrin Pregnancy & Lactation

Permethrin is considered safe for use during pregnancy and lactation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Permethrin Side Effects

Common side effects include contact dermatitis, asthma exacerbation, mild burning, stinging, and itching.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Permethrin Contraindications

Permethrin is contraindicated in individuals with chrysanthemum allergy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Permethrin Ovicidal Properties

Permethrin is not ovicidal, meaning it doesn't kill lice eggs. Therefore, multiple treatments are needed.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Permethrin Treatment Regimen

Permethrin should be applied twice, seven to ten days apart, for optimal efficacy in treating pediculosis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Permethrin Drug Interactions

Permethrin doesn't have any specific drug-to-drug interactions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Permethrin 5% (Elimite)

A topical medication used to treat scabies infections, caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Drug-Drug Interaction (D2D)

When a patient interacts with a drug or substance that doesn't interact in a usual way, leading to a change in the drug's effect.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Antipsychotics

A group of medications used to treat mental health conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Antidepressants

A class of medications that treat depression and anxiety.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Theophylline

An active ingredient in many medications, including some for breathing problems.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cyclosporine

A medication used to suppress the immune system.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Penicillins

A type of medication that works by killing bacteria.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Chloroquine Sulfate

A medication used to treat a variety of infections, including malaria.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Lindane lotion used for?

Lindane lotion is a topical medication used to treat scabies, a skin infestation caused by tiny mites.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How does Lindane lotion work?

Lindane lotion works by being directly absorbed into the parasites, including their eggs, killing them.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How should Lindane lotion be used?

Lindane lotion should be used as part of a comprehensive scabies treatment plan, including microscopic evaluation of skin scrapings to confirm the diagnosis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Who should use Lindane lotion with caution?

Lindane lotion should be used with caution in infants, children, the elderly, and individuals with other skin conditions, such as atopic dermatitis or psoriasis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Who should NOT use Lindane lotion?

Premature infants and individuals with uncontrolled seizure disorders should not use Lindane lotion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the risks associated with Lindane lotion use?

Prolonged or repeated application of Lindane lotion can lead to neurotoxicity, potentially causing seizures and even death.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Who else might need Lindane lotion treatment?

Sexual contacts of individuals with scabies should also be treated with Lindane lotion, but only if they have not responded to other therapies or are intolerant of those therapies.

Signup and view all the flashcards

When is Lindane lotion prescribed?

Lindane lotion should be prescribed only when other approved therapies fail or are not tolerated.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Insecticidal Agents - Permethrin

  • Drug Class: Insecticidal agents
  • Drug Example: Permethrin 1% (Nix)
  • Indications: Head lice, pediculosis pubis, scabies
  • Mechanism of Action (MOA): Permethrin is a pyrethroid, active against various pests (lice, ticks, fleas, mites, etc.). It acts on nerve cell membranes, disrupting sodium channels, causing delayed repolarization and paralysis of the pest.
  • Contraindications: Avoid in patients with contact dermatitis, asthma exacerbation; mild/transient burning, stinging/itching, or chrysanthemum allergy.
  • Drug Interactions (D2D): No specific interactions noted, but always do a medication reconciliation.
  • Side Effects (SE): Contact dermatitis, asthma exacerbation, mild/transient burning, stinging, and itching.
  • QT prolongation/Risk of TdP: None noted.
  • Pregnancy/Lactation: Safe to use.
  • Notes: Non-ovicidal therapies for pediculosis should be applied twice, 7-10 days apart.

Insecticides - Pyrethrins and Malathion

  • Drug Examples: Pyrethrins 0.3%/piperonyl butoxide 4% (Rid), Malathion 0.5% Lotion (Ovide), Gammexene (Lindane)
  • Mechanism of Action (MOA): Pyrethrins are neurotoxic to lice; Lindane, an ectoparasiticide, and ovicide is effective against scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei); Malathion is neurotoxic to lice
  • Indication (Scabies): Should only be used in patients who cannot tolerate other treatments, or if other treatments have failed.
  • Side Effects: CNS stimulant (when absorbed systemically), convulsions, and death.
  • Contraindications: In premature infants, individuals with uncontrolled seizure disorders, and patients who cannot tolerate first-line treatments.
  • Warnings: Lindane lotion should only be used in patients who cannot tolerate safer medications. Neurologic toxicity can occur with repeated or prolonged use, particularly in infants and young children.
  • Important Considerations for Scabies Treatment: includes microscopic evaluation of skin, ensuring sexual contacts are also treated, washing clothing/bedding/etc. in very hot water/dry cleaning, and proper use/application guidance..

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Module 9 Unit D Infestations 2024 PDF

Description

This quiz covers the essential aspects of the insecticidal agent Permethrin, including its indications, mechanism of action, contraindications, drug interactions, and side effects. Learn about the uses of Permethrin in treating head lice, scabies, and more. Evaluate your knowledge on this important medication.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser