Insect Structure and Metamorphosis Quiz

<p>Thermal treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insects have one pair of antennae. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Giant water bug (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IGRs are synthetic chemicals mimicking natural insect hormones. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insects have three distinct body regions, while spiders have two. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its unwanted nature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dead mold can still trigger allergic reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weeds must be within 10 feet of a structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Implementing consistent moisture control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carpenter ants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensure grain is kept clean and cool (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using a liquid to drench the nest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can become contaminated from exposure to other pesticides. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As the grain is being transferred to storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They prevent fleas from developing and hatching (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Requires shaking before measuring or mixing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may cause irritation to the eyes, nose, and throat. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surface-treating infested wood with pesticide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contamination and reduced weight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contain carbon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Treating cracks around windows and doors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may attract and poison domestic animals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental Protection Agency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Resistance to malathion pesticides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They cannot penetrate fabrics or furniture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6 to 10 days for eggs to hatch, 2 to 4 months for adults (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dusts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have limitations when temperatures are too high or too low (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may stain porous surfaces. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eat and sleep areas of the animal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They require previous mixing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They cannot target hidden infestations effectively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By careful placement and inspection of bait. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may unintentionally drift off target during application. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unconsciousness, pinpoint pupils, and intense thirst (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical resistant and well sealed at seams (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shake off pesticide dust or granules outdoors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Upon observing visible pesticide on your skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Air-purifying and air-supplying types (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Never eat, drink, or smoke while handling pesticides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unlined, chemical-resistant gloves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drench the skin with water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exhibiting symptoms of poisoning or injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Get fresh air immediately (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Employees who handle or use hazardous chemicals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Discard it immediately (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collect vomitus for medical analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pale, moist, cold skin with dilated pupils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing the storage area size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lock the storage area when not in use (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cleaning supplies unrelated to pesticide use (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Posting warning signs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pale, clammy skin and weak pulse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>15 minutes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Turn off smoke alarms and pilot lights (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eliminating moisture and cleaning up mold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Distance from target area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Application of pesticide beyond the target area boundaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Degradation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Being absorbed by the target organism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pesticide levels increasing through the food chain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature of the environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It dissolves easily and can be moved by water runoff (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Legal penalties for negligent pesticides applications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Applying a pesticide at a lower rate than specified (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Follow Wisconsin's laws that govern pesticide use (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reduces the effectiveness of pesticides, necessitating diverse approaches. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use the product according to the new label that came with it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frequency of resistance in the initial population and mode of action of the pesticide. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More detailed and technical information about the product (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The chances of being harmed, calculated as risk = toxicity x exposure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Utilizing secondary containment for bulk pesticides. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By contamination of their food or water sources. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Effects occurring at the site of contact (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It comes from identifiable and specific locations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhalation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute effects correlate with immediate symptoms after exposure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can reproduce and pass on resistance traits to their offspring. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>LD50 determines the amount of chemical that kills 50% of test animals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Allowing pets in treated areas before restricted entry intervals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They significantly increase hazards for fish and wildlife. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Based on the highest measured toxicity assessed via testing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using pesticides persistently for all pest control. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directions for proper application (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only trained individuals can mitigate the associated risks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>State laws may be more stringent but not more lenient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For-hire applicators work on a contractual basis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pass a written exam assessing practical knowledge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any commercial applicator or RUP user; 2 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Full date and times of application activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If wastes are causing environmental or human health problems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emergency response information must be available (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If the SDS indicates special transport requirements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They should be solidified using absorbents before disposal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Legal guidance for applicators on pesticide use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It poses a danger to humans or the environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>You are responsible for cradle-to-grave management of hazardous waste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Labeling is a broader term that encompasses more than just the label (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When handling pesticide containers and during storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If the spill poses a risk to people or the environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Date of manufacture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wisconsin Emergency Management agency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Control, contain, clean up (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acute toxicity of the product to humans and animals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Danger-Poison (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emergency contact phone numbers and facility sketch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent excessive pesticide residues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use absorbents to solidify them before disposal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Department of Natural Resources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If it is categorized as non-hazardous solid waste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Control the release of the spilled material (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Store pesticides on raised pallets or shelves. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proximity to heat sources. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Container should be tightly sealed and undamaged. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isolate volatile pesticides from others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liquid pesticides in containers larger than 55 gallons or solid pesticides over 100 pounds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pesticides are handled in their most concentrated form. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Never mix or load within 8 feet of a well or surface water. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If not meeting specific exemptions regarding container sizes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protective eyewear and gloves. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintaining an air gap between the water supply and container. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triple rinse by filling, shaking, and draining. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can create harmful reactions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When it is no longer effective for its intended purpose. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pesticide waste contributing to health problems or substantial environmental hazards. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Has a tail measuring 5-8 inches and 12 teats on females. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are omnivorous and eat familiar food. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Size and shape of droppings vary by species. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fear of unfamiliar objects in their environment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To keep pets and children safe from hazards. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It assists in detecting food and hazards. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The business name and EPA registration number. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They avoid bait after sampling small amounts that cause illness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Have larger ears relative to body size. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It uses non-poisonous bait to determine rodent preferences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To familiarize rodents with bait before application of poison. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seasonal changes and migration patterns. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It induces erratic behavior and distress calls. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They gather in large groups and are very social. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Places where birds rest at night. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce the risk of human poisonings from contaminated food (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Post clear notices in common entryways (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keeping people and pets away from the application site (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The landlord is responsible for posting in residential areas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Applications must be restricted to a maximum of 3 feet above grade (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To manage pest populations while minimizing adverse side effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can create a slick residue if over-sprayed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps deliver the proper rate of chemical uniformly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Always place some water in the tank before pesticide concentrate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electric switches should not be turned on or off while fog is in the air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To outline the prescribed time interval for restricted entry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hand bellows and bulb dusters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Control the spill promptly to minimize exposure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promotes a balanced ecosystem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High concentration of active ingredients makes it easy to overdose or undergo mixing errors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure that the herbicide reaches the target area evenly. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anticoagulants cause death by interfering with blood clotting, while acute rodenticides act in other ways. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pyrethroids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To make the product easier to store, transport, and apply. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are typically persistent and long-lasting. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They induce a flock alarm reaction in birds that haven't eaten the bait. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are less likely to harm treated plants, animals, and surfaces. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To make sure that the formulation will be effective against the target pest. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are less likely to cause environmental harm than other types of insecticides. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contact herbicides work by direct contact with the plant, while systemic herbicides move throughout the plant. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mixture of active and inert ingredients in a pesticide product. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cost of the formulation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can be abrasive to application equipment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are highly effective at controlling a wide range of pests. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are typically highly toxic to humans and other animals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Insects have three distinct body regions: the head, thorax, and abdomen. The thorax is where the three pairs of legs are attached. Insects can have 0 to 2 pairs of wings, depending on the species. They also have one pair of antennae on their head.

Insects have three body regions, three pairs of legs on the thorax, and wings (if present) attached to the thorax. Spiders and mites have two body regions, four pairs of legs, no wings or antennae. Insects have an exoskeleton, while spiders and mites have a fused head and thorax called a cephalothorax.

Simple metamorphosis has three stages: egg, nymph, and adult. The nymph looks similar to the adult, but smaller and without wings. Nymphs molt as they grow because their exoskeleton cannot enlarge.

Complete metamorphosis has four stages: egg, larva, pupa (cocoon), and adult. The larva eats and grows, the pupa is a resting stage, and the adult is reproductively mature. Examples include butterflies and beetles.

Cockroaches are insects that can cause damage by feeding on stored products, contaminating food, weakening structures, carrying pathogens, and creating a nuisance.

Common cockroach species found in Wisconsin include the German cockroach, brown-banded cockroach, oriental cockroach, American cockroach, Australian cockroach, and wood cockroach.

Insect growth regulators (IGRs) are synthetic chemicals that mimic natural insect hormones. They disrupt insect growth and development, making it difficult for them to molt and reproduce effectively.

Common methods for cockroach control include IGRs, baits, crack-and-crevice treatments, and spraying. Each method targets different aspects of the cockroach lifecycle and can be most effective when used in combination.

Pharaoh ants, thief ants, and worker ants are often resistant to traditional bait methods.

A perimeter treatment involves applying insecticide around the exterior of a building to create a barrier that prevents insects from entering.

To eliminate an ant nest, thoroughly drench it with insecticide outdoors or dust and spray cracks and crevices indoors.

Carpenter ants require a focused approach involving identifying the main colony, eliminating the queen, and creating a perimeter barrier to prevent re-infestation.

Effective flea control requires concentrating efforts on areas where the pet spends the most time, including their sleeping and eating areas, and includes vacuuming and cleaning these areas.

Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs) prevent fleas from developing and hatching, providing a long-term solution and having low toxicity to humans and animals.

Aerosols, flea bombs, ultrasonic devices, and flea traps have limitations, including potential fire hazards and limited effectiveness in penetrating furniture and other objects.

Controlling flies and food pests effectively involves eliminating their food source and using short-term methods like insecticides.

Powder post beetle infestations can be controlled by treating affected wood with insecticide or applying borates to exposed surfaces.

Effective perimeter treatments for occasional invaders require targeting cracks and openings around windows, plumbing, doors, and the foundation.

Unwanted plants that negatively impact desired plants or human activities.

A slow-acting poison that has minimal immediate effects on birds.

A chemical used to kill pests, including insects, weeds, and diseases.

Organic pesticides contain carbon atoms, while inorganic pesticides do not.

Controlling moisture prevents mold growth, as mold needs water to thrive.

Killing mold doesn't eliminate the problem because dead mold and spores can still cause allergies and contain toxins.

Grain protectants should be applied before infestation, during grain handling, specifically as the grain is transferred to final storage.

Indian Meal Moths have developed resistance to malathion, a commonly used insecticide.

Steps to improve sanitation in storage bins include keeping grain clean and cool, preventing hot spots, and proper aeration.

Insects can reduce grain weight, nutritional value, germination, cause contamination, odors, molds, and heat damage.

Rats and mice will avoid anything they consider unfamiliar. This can make it difficult to introduce new baits.

Rodents leave behind evidence of their activity in a space, allowing for tracking and identification.

The process of using a non-poisonous bait to introduce a new bait to rodents and encourage them to eat it before using poison.

Rats are very sensitive to the taste of new food, and may avoid it because it could be harmful or toxic.

Rodents have an extremely strong sense of smell, which can make it difficult to control them; they are very sensitive to odors.

Rodents have a variety of abilities that enable them to navigate different environments, including climbing, jumping, and reaching.

A roosting site is where birds rest at night, often in trees or buildings. They are very important for successful management programs.

A designated area where a bird spends its time, which can help with identification.

Birds may gather at loafing sites during the day. These sites are important for understanding and controlling bird populations.

Many bird species have complex social behaviors, such as flocking, which can impact effective management.

The use of tamper-resistant bait stations is essential for protecting children and pets from exposure to poisons.

Identifying the species of birds present is crucial to ensure that control methods do not harm non-target species.

The process of testing different baits to determine which rodents prefer them.

Birds learn behavior patterns and habits that factor into their management. Identifying these behaviors can help in controlling them.

Avitrol is a bird control product that causes distress and death. It's important to understand its impact.

Pesticides designed to target specific pest species, reducing harm to other organisms.

The time a pesticide remains active in the environment.

The ability of a pesticide to move within a plant after application.

Pesticides that kill the target organism by direct contact.

Chemical names assigned to active ingredients following standardized guidelines.

Common names used for active ingredients, easier to understand and use.

Brand names used for specific formulations by manufacturers.

Pesticides derived from natural sources like plants.

Synthetically produced insecticides mimicking natural pyrethrins.

A class of highly effective insecticides with low mammalian toxicity.

Rodenticides that work by interfering with blood clotting, leading to death from bleeding.

Rodenticides that kill through mechanisms other than blood clotting.

Substances used to control bird pests, often by inducing flock alarm reactions in other birds.

Herbicides that kill weeds by direct contact with plant tissues.

The mixture of active and inert ingredients in a pesticide product.

Applying a pesticide at a lower rate, concentration, or frequency than specified on the label; applying a pesticide against a target pest not specified on the label, but to the site specified; using any method of application not prohibited by the label; or mixing two or more pesticides or mixing a pesticide with a fertilizer when such mixture is not mentioned on the label.

Ready-to-use or pre-mixed sprays offer convenience but might have limited availability and a higher cost per unit of active ingredient compared to other formulations.

While dusts are ready-to-use and good for dry applications, they easily drift, irritate, and pose a high inhalation risk to handlers and treated animals.

When state laws are more strict than label directions, always follow the stricter state law.

Always use a product according to the label that came with it, even if the label has changed since the product was purchased.

Solid baits are convenient for controlling pests in specific areas but can attract children and pets, potentially harming them.

Pastes, gels, and injectable baits offer precise application and low human exposure but can be contaminated, run or drip, cause staining, and build up with repeated use.

A measure of the ability of a pesticide to cause short-term injury.

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) is the primary federal law regulating pesticides in the US, overseen by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

The chances of being harmed by a pesticide. It is calculated by multiplying toxicity by exposure.

The EPA reviews pesticide applications to ensure they meet safety and effectiveness standards before registering them for sale and use.

When you come into contact with pesticides, either through your skin, mouth, lungs, or eyes.

Poisonous baits can control pests effectively but require careful placement to minimize non-target animal exposure. Consider using bait stations, placing baits in areas inaccessible to pets, and avoiding areas where children play.

Effects that occur at the area of contact with skin, eyes, or respiratory tract. Examples include skin irritation, eye irritation, and respiratory problems.

Effects that occur when a pesticide is absorbed and circulated throughout the body. Examples include headaches, dizziness, nausea, and organ damage.

Shaking, measuring, and mixing liquid formulations can expose handlers to the pesticide. Ready-to-use sprays minimize this risk due to pre-mixing.

Pesticide formulations like dusts and sprays can pose inhalation risks to handlers and treated animals, potentially leading to respiratory irritation or other health problems.

The amount of chemical that kills 50% of the test animals.

The amount of concentration that is lethal when mixed with air in various concentrations.

Liquid formulations can be messy and require careful measuring and mixing, increasing the risk of spills and exposure. They might also leave residues on treated surfaces.

Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin, hair, and fingernails thoroughly with soap and water, dry the affected area, and wrap it in loose cloth. Seek medical attention.

Get fresh air immediately, loosen tight clothing, and if breathing stops, give artificial respiration. Keep the person warm and quiet, and protect their head.

Hold eyelids open and wash eyes with clean water for 15 minutes. Flush under the eyelid and cover the eye with a clean cloth. Seek medical attention immediately.

Make sure the person is kneeling forward or lying on their side, collect some of the vomitus for the doctor, and give the person at least two glasses of water. Put your finger or a blunt object at the back of their throat.

Pale, moist, cold, clammy skin, vacant and dilated eyes, shallow irregular breathing, and weak, rapid, irregular pulse.

Keep the victim flat on their back with legs elevated 1-1.5 feet. Keep them warm, quiet, and reassure them. Never give anything by mouth.

Limit access, improve inventory control, protect people from exposure, reduce environmental contamination, prevent damage from temperature extremes, safeguard from theft and vandalism.

Keep pesticides locked when not in use and post warning signs.

Store only pesticide containers, equipment, and spill cleanup kit.

Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin, hair, and fingernails thoroughly with soap and water, gently dry the affected area, wrap it in loose cloth, and seek medical attention.

A pesticide labeled for restricted use may only be applied by certified applicators. This helps to protect the environment and public health.

State laws concerning pesticide use can be stricter than federal laws, but they cannot be less strict. When a conflict exists, the stricter law takes precedence.

A private applicator uses pesticides for their own agricultural production on land they own or rent.

A commercial applicator for-hire is paid to apply pesticides on someone else's property.

A commercial applicator not-for-hire applies pesticides to sites controlled by themselves or their employer.

Commercial applicators must pass a written exam demonstrating their knowledge and competency in pesticide use.

Commercial applicators for-hire, and those using restricted-use pesticides, must keep detailed records of their applications for at least two years.

Pesticide application records must include detailed information about the application, such as the date, location, product used, and amount applied.

Pesticide transportation rules may apply to applicators, especially for restricted-use pesticides.

The pesticide label is a legally binding document that must be followed by all applicators.

The label is the information printed on the container, while labeling includes all additional information associated with the product.

Read the pesticide label before buying, storing, mixing, applying, cleaning, and disposing of the product.

Pesticide labels contain information about the product's ingredients, use instructions, safety precautions, and disposal guidelines.

The signal word on a pesticide label indicates its relative toxicity to humans and animals.

Symptoms like fatigue, headache, dizziness, and stomach cramps can all indicate potential pesticide exposure.

PPE, including gloves, masks, and suits, acts as a barrier between you and harmful pesticides, limiting your exposure.

Always wear long-sleeved clothing, long pants, closed-toe shoes, and socks when handling pesticides to reduce exposure.

Air-purifying respirators filter the air you breathe, removing harmful particles, while air-supplying respirators provide a separate air supply.

Wash all PPE thoroughly after each use, especially if it has been exposed to pesticides. Discard any damaged or heavily contaminated PPE.

Always check the pesticide label and SDS for a list of symptoms, emergency contact information, and first aid measures.

If you experience any illness while, or soon after, working with pesticides, or exhibit symptoms of poisoning, seek immediate medical attention.

When calling emergency services or transporting a victim, identify the specific pesticide involved and follow the instructions on the label and SDS.

The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) applies to employees who handle or use hazardous chemicals, including pesticides, in the workplace.

PPE should be chemically resistant, puncture and tear-resistant, well-sealed at seams, and comfortable enough for workers to wear consistently.

Store pesticides on raised pallets or shelves to prevent water and condensation damage.

Maintain a consistent temperature in the storage area and avoid storing near heat sources.

Ensure the storage area is well lit for visibility and safety.

Use flooring that is easy to clean in case of spills.

Adequate ventilation is essential to disperse vapors and prevent buildup.

Before storing, check that the container is tightly sealed, undamaged, and the label is intact and legible.

Store pesticides by type within the storage area to prevent accidental mixing.

Isolate volatile pesticides to prevent vapors from contaminating other products.

Cover, secure, and/or guard pesticides and containers temporarily stored at a mixing and loading site.

Liquid pesticides in containers larger than 55 gallons or solid pesticides in undivided quantities greater than 100 pounds.

Mixing and loading pesticides means handling them in their most concentrated form, posing a significant hazard.

Never mix or load pesticides within 8 feet of a well or surface water to prevent contamination.

When mixing or loading, wear PPE listed on the product label, or at least gloves and protective eyewear.

Leave an air gap between the water supply and the container, avoid overflow, never leave equipment unattended, and rinse the hose with clean water.

Triple rinse pesticide containers by filling them 10-20% full of water, replacing the cap, shaking, and draining into the spray tank.

Cleaning up mold and/or moisture problems.

Ensuring that your equipment delivers the correct rate of pesticide uniformly to the target site.

Overspray is the application of pesticide beyond the boundaries of the target area. Drift is the movement of pesticide in air currents or by diffusion onto property beyond the boundaries of the target area. Significant pesticide drift is considered negligent and you can be prosecuted for the results of drift that goes off-site.

A measure of how easily a chemical will dissolve in a solvent, usually water. Pesticides that are highly soluble in water dissolve easily and are more likely to move with water in surface runoff.

Pesticides that are strongly adsorbed are less likely to be carried from the treated area by water runoff or to leach through the soil into the groundwater.

The measure of its tendency to turn into a vapor or gas. Increases as the temperature and wind increase.

A measure of how long a pesticide remains in an active form in the environment.

The process when pesticides break down into simpler, and often less toxic compounds.

Bioaccumulation: When the body accumulates pesticides in the body, particularly in fat tissue. Biomagnification: Occurs when the level of a pesticide builds up through the food chain. Bioaccumulation occurs in one particular organism, while biomagnification occurs across a series of organisms.

Spilled pesticides can be carried or leach down to groundwater along with water moving through the soil.

Movement of pesticides through the soil, water, or air, influencing their reach and impact.

A process where pests develop resistance to a pesticide, reducing its effectiveness over time.

The chemicals in a pesticide product that target pests.

The time it takes for a pesticide to break down in the environment and lose its effectiveness.

The amount of pesticide needed to cause harm to a specific organism.

Practices that aim to manage pests without relying solely on pesticides, emphasizing prevention and minimizing environmental impact.

A chemical used to kill pests, including insects, weeds, and diseases.

The ability of a pesticide to cause short-term injury.

The chances of being harmed by a pesticide.

The process of reviewing pesticide applications to ensure they meet safety and effectiveness standards before registering them for sale and use.

The amount of chemical that kills 50% of the test animals.

The amount of concentration that is lethal when mixed with air in various concentrations.

Effects that occur at the area of contact with skin, eyes, or respiratory tract.

Effects that occur when a pesticide is absorbed and circulated throughout the body.

The most important federal law regulating pesticides in the US, overseen by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Poisonous baits can control pests effectively but require careful placement to minimize non-target animal exposure.

Shaking, measuring, and mixing liquid formulations can expose handlers to the pesticide. Ready-to-use sprays minimize this risk due to pre-mixing.

Substances used to control bird pests, often by inducing flock alarm reactions in other birds.

Herbicides that kill weeds by direct contact with plant tissues.

The mixture of active and inert ingredients in a pesticide product.

Pesticides should only be used when absolutely necessary and always follow label directions to ensure safe and effective application.

Applying pesticides in food handling areas, directly to food, or while food is exposed can lead to contamination and potential poisoning.

When applying pesticides, keep people and pets away from the application site, equipment, and containers to prevent exposure.

Before and after applying pesticides, inform the customer about the application, especially in residential areas where you must provide clear notices in common entryways.

Posting treated sites is required to reduce the risk of exposure and to notify residents about recent treatments.

The landlord is responsible for posting treated sites in residential areas, while you, the applicator, are responsible for posting in non-residential areas.

Posting should include a restricted-entry interval showing the prescribed time for the application and flow charts for detailed information.

Pyrethroid sprays can be applied to the outside of structures up to 3 feet above ground, including lawns, vegetation, and the underside of eaves, but they should be protected from rainfall.

IPM benefits include preserving ecosystems, saving money, promoting a healthy environment, and maintaining a good public image.

A hydraulic sprayer helps deliver the proper rate of chemical uniformly over the target area.

Backpack sprayers require careful handling to prevent spills and exposure. Always add water first, never leave unattended, and be mindful of your center of gravity.

Thermal-fog generators, cold-fog generators, and misters are used to apply pesticides in a fine mist. Safety precautions include shutting off pilot lights, avoiding electrical switches, and only allowing trained operators to use them.

Ultra-low volume (ULV) applications offer advantages like effectiveness against flying insects and good flushing action for cockroaches but have disadvantages like poor residual, potential chemical residue, and a fire hazard.

Hand bellows and bulb dusters are ideal for small quantities, careful placement, and neatness.