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Questions and Answers
What defines an input device?
What defines an input device?
- It receives information from the computer
- It can both send and receive information from the computer
- It processes data and sends it back to the computer
- It sends information to the computer (correct)
Which of the following is considered an output device?
Which of the following is considered an output device?
- Speaker (correct)
- Mouse
- Microphone
- Keyboard
What is a key characteristic of primary memory?
What is a key characteristic of primary memory?
- It is non-volatile storage
- It always changes data randomly
- It is essential for the computer to perform tasks (correct)
- It can only store data permanently
How is Random Access Memory (RAM) categorized?
How is Random Access Memory (RAM) categorized?
Which device is an example of an input device?
Which device is an example of an input device?
What type of memory is Read-Only Memory (ROM)?
What type of memory is Read-Only Memory (ROM)?
Which of the following best describes touchscreen monitors?
Which of the following best describes touchscreen monitors?
What is the primary function of a GPU?
What is the primary function of a GPU?
Which peripheral does NOT send information back to the computer?
Which peripheral does NOT send information back to the computer?
What distinguishes a discrete GPU from an integrated GPU?
What distinguishes a discrete GPU from an integrated GPU?
In what type of applications are GPUs most commonly utilized today?
In what type of applications are GPUs most commonly utilized today?
Why did the design of GPUs evolve over time?
Why did the design of GPUs evolve over time?
What is machine language primarily composed of?
What is machine language primarily composed of?
What makes machine language difficult to comprehend?
What makes machine language difficult to comprehend?
What is NOT a benefit of using a discrete GPU?
What is NOT a benefit of using a discrete GPU?
Which statement about programming languages is true regarding their execution?
Which statement about programming languages is true regarding their execution?
Which key is typically NOT used to access BIOS on a Windows PC?
Which key is typically NOT used to access BIOS on a Windows PC?
What is a method to enter BIOS for Windows 10 users?
What is a method to enter BIOS for Windows 10 users?
When should you press the BIOS hotkey to ensure access during boot-up?
When should you press the BIOS hotkey to ensure access during boot-up?
Which operating systems mentioned allow BIOS access via the hotkey method?
Which operating systems mentioned allow BIOS access via the hotkey method?
What can you modify in the BIOS before completing a full startup?
What can you modify in the BIOS before completing a full startup?
Which of the following is a common video connector?
Which of the following is a common video connector?
What is the primary advantage of USB over other connection interfaces?
What is the primary advantage of USB over other connection interfaces?
Which of the following is NOT an external hard disk connection?
Which of the following is NOT an external hard disk connection?
What does RAID 1 primarily provide?
What does RAID 1 primarily provide?
Which RAID configuration is specifically designed for speed without safeguards against failure?
Which RAID configuration is specifically designed for speed without safeguards against failure?
In RAID 5, how is parity handled compared to RAID 3?
In RAID 5, how is parity handled compared to RAID 3?
What is a characteristic feature of RAID 10?
What is a characteristic feature of RAID 10?
What was the original meaning of the 'I' in RAID?
What was the original meaning of the 'I' in RAID?
Why is RAID 6 considered more reliable than RAID 5?
Why is RAID 6 considered more reliable than RAID 5?
What distinguishes RAID 3 from RAID 4?
What distinguishes RAID 3 from RAID 4?
What feature of GPUs enhances machine learning capabilities?
What feature of GPUs enhances machine learning capabilities?
What is the main advantage of passive NFC technology over active NFC?
What is the main advantage of passive NFC technology over active NFC?
Which technology replaced the PATA interface for transferring data between a computer and storage devices?
Which technology replaced the PATA interface for transferring data between a computer and storage devices?
How does the serial communication of SATA compare to the parallel communication of PATA?
How does the serial communication of SATA compare to the parallel communication of PATA?
What is the first step in the process of pairing a Bluetooth device to a laptop?
What is the first step in the process of pairing a Bluetooth device to a laptop?
What does RAID stand for?
What does RAID stand for?
In what context is SATA more advantageous compared to PATA?
In what context is SATA more advantageous compared to PATA?
What usually happens to Bluetooth devices when they are in range of each other with Bluetooth turned on?
What usually happens to Bluetooth devices when they are in range of each other with Bluetooth turned on?
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using RAID?
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using RAID?
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Study Notes
Input and Output Devices
- Input devices transmit data to the computer and are one-way, such as a mouse and microphone, which send cursor movement and audio data respectively.
- Output devices receive data from the computer and do not send data back, including speakers that output sound and standard monitors that display information.
- Touchscreen monitors can function as both input and output devices.
Memory Types
- Computer memory is crucial for operations and is classified into primary (RAM and ROM) and secondary memory (e.g., hard drive, CD).
- Random Access Memory (RAM) is volatile (data cleared when power off), while Read-Only Memory (ROM) is non-volatile (retains data).
Accessing BIOS
- BIOS can be accessed using specific hotkeys during boot-up, such as F1, F2, F10, F12, or DEL, depending on the manufacturer.
- For Windows 10, access BIOS through advanced start menu settings if startup is too quick.
- Older systems may require pressing hotkeys before the Windows logo appears.
Connection Interfaces
- USB is the predominant PC connection interface due to compatibility and user-friendliness.
- PCIe (PCI Express) serves as an internal bus for fast communication.
- Various external connections include IEEE 1394, eSATA, HDMI, and VGA.
- NFC technology allows passive devices to transmit data without power; active NFC devices can send and receive data.
Serial and Parallel Interfaces
- SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) enables faster data transfer between motherboard and storage compared to PATA (Parallel ATA), providing higher speeds and reduced interference.
Bluetooth Device Pairing
- To pair a Bluetooth device, it must be turned on and discoverable.
- Follow the path: Start > Settings > Bluetooth & devices > Add device > Bluetooth, then follow on-screen instructions.
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
- RAID enhances performance and provides fault tolerance using two or more drives.
- RAID 0 uses striping for performance; however, it lacks failure safeguards.
- RAID 1 mirrors data across drives for high reliability, requiring double the number of drives.
- RAID 5 stripes data with distributed parity for speed and fault tolerance, while RAID 6 offers greater reliability with additional parity computation.
- RAID 10 combines features of RAID 1 and RAID 0 for optimal safety and performance.
GPU Basics
- GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) are essential for rendering graphics and animations in PCs.
- Integrated GPUs share memory with the CPU, whereas discrete GPUs have their own dedicated memory (VRAM).
- GPU capabilities extend beyond gaming into fields like AI, content creation, and high-performance computing, where they accelerate 3D graphics rendering and complex computations.
Machine Language
- Machine language is a low-level binary code that computers can directly understand, also called machine code or object code.
- All programming languages, including Swift and C++, ultimately compile into machine language for execution on a computer.
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