T1 L2: Innate immune defences & inflammation 1 (SS)

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Which of the following is an example of a soluble effector in innate immunity?

Defensins

Interferon

Collectins

Lysozyme (correct)

What is the main function of antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity?

Target pathogens for phagocytosis

Induce inflammation

Disrupt microbial membranes (correct)

Opsonize pathogens

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of innate immunity?

Metabolic reprogramming

Epigenetic reprogramming

Specific response to pathogens (correct)

Trained immunity

What is the main function of collectins, ficolins, and pentraxins in innate immunity?

Target pathogens for phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about complement components in innate immunity?

They lyse bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an anatomical barrier in innate immunity?

Skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of lysozyme in innate immunity?

Disrupt bacterial cell walls Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) in innate immunity?

Toll-like receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an innate barrier to infection?

Induced skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of defensins in innate immunity?

Disrupt microbial membranes Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule forms a pore that inserts into the membrane, allowing diffusion of ions and small molecules?

Membrane attack complex (MAC) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of complement inhibitors in human cells?

To prevent MAC formation Signup and view all the answers

Which deficiency in the complement pathway leads to serious pyogenic infections in neonates and children?

C3 deficiency Signup and view all the answers

Which complement deficiency is the most severe and leads to successive severe infections?

C3 deficiency Signup and view all the answers

Which autoimmune disease is associated with a deficiency in C4?

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the complement pathway deficiency makes patients prone to Neisseria meningitis infection?

C8 Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CR1 on erythrocytes in the complement pathway?

To transport immune complexes to phagocytes in the liver Signup and view all the answers

How do phagocytes recognize immune complexes in the complement pathway?

Via their Fc receptors Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences of complement system deficiencies?

Recurrent infections Signup and view all the answers

Which book is recommended for further reading on immunology?

Janeway’s Immunobiology, 10th Ed (2022), Norton Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antimicrobial peptide kills bacteria by disrupting their membrane?

Defensins Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antimicrobial peptide is constitutively secreted by neutrophils, epithelial cells, and paneth cells in the crypts of the small intestine?

Defensins Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antimicrobial peptide can also attack fungi and viruses?

Defensins Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antimicrobial peptide has globular lectin-like heads that bind bacterial cell surface sugars?

Collectins Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antimicrobial peptide can activate complement through the classical pathway/lectin pathway?

Collectins Signup and view all the answers

Which complement pathway is antibody-independent and activated by ficolins and mannose binding lectin (MBL)?

Lectin pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which complement pathway is initiated by C1 activation and requires at least 2 FC domains of an antibody-antigen complex?

Classical pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which complement pathway involves the spontaneous hydrolysis of C3 into C3a and C3b?

Alternative pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which complement component can form a complex with MASP-1 and MASP2 to cleave C2 and C4 in the lectin pathway?

MBL Signup and view all the answers

Which complement component is an important component of the membrane attack complex?

C3 Signup and view all the answers

Which immune response is more rapid, the innate immune response or the adaptive immune response?

The innate immune response Signup and view all the answers

Which immune response is more specific, the innate immune response or the adaptive immune response?

The adaptive immune response Signup and view all the answers

Which immune response has memory, the innate immune response or the adaptive immune response?

The adaptive immune response Signup and view all the answers

Which immune response recognizes broad classes of pathogens, the innate immune response or the adaptive immune response?

The innate immune response Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antimicrobial peptide kills bacteria by disrupting their membrane?

Defensins Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of collectins, ficolins, and pentraxins in innate immunity?

To recognize and bind sugars on bacterial cell surfaces Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the complement pathway deficiency makes patients prone to Neisseria meningitis infection?

C4 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of innate immunity?

Specificity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a topic that will be covered in this lecture?

Inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lysozyme in innate immunity?

To disrupt bacterial cell membranes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a soluble molecule that defends against infection?

Complement Signup and view all the answers

Which complement pathway requires at least 2 FC domains of an antibody-antigen complex for activation?

Classical pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe the concept of innate immune cells changing their response after exposure to a pathogen or vaccine?

Trained immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the vaccine that was the first real discovery of trained immunity?

BCG vaccine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immune cells undergo long-term trained immunity, despite their short lifespan in the bloodstream?

Monocytes Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main barriers to pathogen entry in the body?

Physical barriers, soluble immune molecules, induced response Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the complement system?

The complement system is composed of over 30 proteins that circulate in the body Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway of the complement system requires at least 2 FC domains of an antibody-antigen complex for activation?

The classical pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which complement component deficiency makes patients prone to Neisseria meningitis infection?

Deficiency in C4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the complement system in innate immunity?

To rapidly remove pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about lysozyme in innate immunity?

Lysozyme can hydrolyze the bonds between sugar chains in peptidoglycan. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antimicrobial peptide is found in the oral cavity and has broad spectrum activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria?

Statins Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of anti-microbial peptides in innate immunity?

To disrupt bacterial cell walls Signup and view all the answers

Which complement pathway is initiated by C1 activation and requires at least 2 FC domains of an antibody-antigen complex?

Classical pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which complement component is cleaved into a small and large fragment, resulting in amplification of the cascade and activation of complement effector functions?

C3 Signup and view all the answers

Which complement component is the first cleaver molecule discovered to be cleaved, resulting in the generation of an active fragment labeled 'a'?

C2 Signup and view all the answers

Which complement pathway involves the spontaneous hydrolysis of C3 into C3a and C3b?

Alternative pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which complement pathway is antibody-independent and activated by ficolins and mannose binding lectin (MBL)?

Lectin pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which complement component deficiency makes patients prone to Neisseria meningitis infection?

C1 Signup and view all the answers

Which complement component is an important component of the membrane attack complex?

C4 Signup and view all the answers

T1 L2: Innate immune defences &amp; inflammation 1 (SS)

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of a soluble effector in innate immunity?

What is the main function of antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of innate immunity?

What is the main function of collectins, ficolins, and pentraxins in innate immunity?

Which of the following is true about complement components in innate immunity?

Which of the following is an example of an anatomical barrier in innate immunity?

What is the main function of lysozyme in innate immunity?

Which of the following is an example of a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) in innate immunity?

Which of the following is NOT an innate barrier to infection?

What is the main function of defensins in innate immunity?

Which molecule forms a pore that inserts into the membrane, allowing diffusion of ions and small molecules?

What is the function of complement inhibitors in human cells?

Which deficiency in the complement pathway leads to serious pyogenic infections in neonates and children?

Which complement deficiency is the most severe and leads to successive severe infections?

Which autoimmune disease is associated with a deficiency in C4?

Which component of the complement pathway deficiency makes patients prone to Neisseria meningitis infection?

What is the role of CR1 on erythrocytes in the complement pathway?

How do phagocytes recognize immune complexes in the complement pathway?

What are the consequences of complement system deficiencies?

Which book is recommended for further reading on immunology?

Which type of antimicrobial peptide kills bacteria by disrupting their membrane?

Which type of antimicrobial peptide is constitutively secreted by neutrophils, epithelial cells, and paneth cells in the crypts of the small intestine?

Which type of antimicrobial peptide can also attack fungi and viruses?

Which type of antimicrobial peptide has globular lectin-like heads that bind bacterial cell surface sugars?

Which type of antimicrobial peptide can activate complement through the classical pathway/lectin pathway?

Which complement pathway is antibody-independent and activated by ficolins and mannose binding lectin (MBL)?

Which complement pathway is initiated by C1 activation and requires at least 2 FC domains of an antibody-antigen complex?

Which complement pathway involves the spontaneous hydrolysis of C3 into C3a and C3b?

Which complement component can form a complex with MASP-1 and MASP2 to cleave C2 and C4 in the lectin pathway?

Which complement component is an important component of the membrane attack complex?

Which immune response is more rapid, the innate immune response or the adaptive immune response?

Which immune response is more specific, the innate immune response or the adaptive immune response?

Which immune response has memory, the innate immune response or the adaptive immune response?

Which immune response recognizes broad classes of pathogens, the innate immune response or the adaptive immune response?

Which type of antimicrobial peptide kills bacteria by disrupting their membrane?

What is the main function of collectins, ficolins, and pentraxins in innate immunity?

Which component of the complement pathway deficiency makes patients prone to Neisseria meningitis infection?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of innate immunity?

Which of the following is NOT a topic that will be covered in this lecture?

What is the function of lysozyme in innate immunity?

Which of the following is NOT an example of a soluble molecule that defends against infection?

Which complement pathway requires at least 2 FC domains of an antibody-antigen complex for activation?

Which term is used to describe the concept of innate immune cells changing their response after exposure to a pathogen or vaccine?

What is the name of the vaccine that was the first real discovery of trained immunity?

Which type of immune cells undergo long-term trained immunity, despite their short lifespan in the bloodstream?

What are the three main barriers to pathogen entry in the body?

Which of the following is true about the complement system?

Which pathway of the complement system requires at least 2 FC domains of an antibody-antigen complex for activation?

Which complement component deficiency makes patients prone to Neisseria meningitis infection?

What is the main function of the complement system in innate immunity?

Which of the following is true about lysozyme in innate immunity?

Which type of antimicrobial peptide is found in the oral cavity and has broad spectrum activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria?

What is the main function of anti-microbial peptides in innate immunity?

Which complement pathway is initiated by C1 activation and requires at least 2 FC domains of an antibody-antigen complex?

Which complement component is cleaved into a small and large fragment, resulting in amplification of the cascade and activation of complement effector functions?

Which complement component is the first cleaver molecule discovered to be cleaved, resulting in the generation of an active fragment labeled 'a'?

Which complement pathway involves the spontaneous hydrolysis of C3 into C3a and C3b?

Which complement pathway is antibody-independent and activated by ficolins and mannose binding lectin (MBL)?

Which complement component deficiency makes patients prone to Neisseria meningitis infection?

Which complement component is an important component of the membrane attack complex?

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T1 L2: Innate immune defences & inflammation 1 (SS)