Innate Immune System Quiz: Test Your Knowledge of Innate Immunity

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of chemical barriers in the innate immune system?

Adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies

Engulfment of pathogens

Diluting the number of pathogens and inhibiting bacterial growth (correct)

Producing antibodies

What is the role of normal microbiota in innate immunity?

Directly attacking pathogens

Modulating the immune system response

Providing a competitive exclusion of pathogens (correct)

Producing antibiotics

What is the primary function of neutrophils?

Repairing tissue

Carrying oxygen throughout the body

Producing antibodies

Engulfing and destroying bacteria (correct)

What is the role of mast cells in the immune system?

Producing histamines in response to allergic reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lysozymes in the innate immune system?

Breaking down bacterial cell walls Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of innate immunity?

Routine protection present from birth Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of Koch's Postulates?

Some organisms cannot be grown in laboratory medium Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is NOT used in Molecular Koch's Postulates?

Culturing microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in starting an infection in a host?

Adherence Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of adhesins in bacterial adherence?

Bind to host cell receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which barrier is more easily penetrated by pathogens?

Mucous membranes Signup and view all the answers

How do bacteria breach anatomical barriers through directed uptake by cells?

Induce host cells to engulf them Signup and view all the answers

How do effector proteins delivered by the Type III secretion system affect host cells?

Altering the host cell's cytoskeleton structure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a phase of avoiding destruction by phagocytes?

Preventing encounters with phagocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of C5a peptidase in preventing encounters with phagocytes?

Degrades chemoattractant C5a Signup and view all the answers

How do membrane-damaging toxins aid in avoiding destruction by phagocytes?

By killing phagocytes and other cells Signup and view all the answers

How do capsules aid pathogens in avoiding recognition and attachment?

By interfering with opsonization Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen produces a molecule that forms pores in the membrane to escape from the phagosome?

Shigella Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Innate Immunity

Innate immunity is the routine protection present from birth
Functions of chemical barriers in the innate immune system: diluting the number of pathogens and inhibiting bacterial growth
Examples of antimicrobial substances involved in chemical barriers: lysozymes, peroxidase enzymes, and defensins
Hormones are not an example of antimicrobial substances involved in chemical barriers
Normal microbiota in innate immunity: providing a competitive exclusion of pathogens and modulating the immune system

Blood Cells

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are produced in the bone marrow
Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body
Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that engulfs and destroys bacteria

Immune System

Mast cells in the immune system: produce histamines
Limitation of Koch's Postulates: some organisms cannot be grown in laboratory medium
Molecular Koch's Postulates rely on molecular techniques to study a microbe's virulence factors

Infection Process

Steps in starting an infection in a host: adherence, colonization, invasion, and avoiding host defenses
Structure of bacteria involved in adherence to host cells: fimbriae
Adhesins bind to host cell receptors in the process of adherence
Bacteria grow in colonization by forming biofilms
Methods bacteria use to avoid host defenses: rapid pili turnover, antigenic variations, and binding to host cell receptors
Easiest barrier for pathogens to penetrate: mucous membranes

Pathogen Avoidance

Ways bacteria breach anatomical barriers: directed uptake by cells
Effector proteins delivered by the Type III secretion system affect host cells by altering the host cell's cytoskeleton structure
Phases of avoiding destruction by phagocytes: preventing encounters, avoiding recognition and attachment, surviving within phagocytes
Function of C5a peptidase in preventing encounters with phagocytes: degrades chemoattractant C5a
Function of membrane-damaging toxins in avoiding destruction by phagocytes: killing phagocytes and other cells
Function of capsules in avoiding recognition and attachment: interfering with opsonization

Pathogen Examples

Pathogen that produces a molecule that forms pores in the membrane to escape from the phagosome: Listeria monocytogenes
Function of IgA protease: breaks down IgA antibodies

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge of innate immunity, including its description, chemical barriers, and primary functions. Learn about the different aspects of this vital part of the immune system.