23 Questions
What is the ability of the human body to resist infection and damage called?
Immunity
What type of immunity results from general processes that provide resistance to specific disease organisms?
Innate immunity
What is the term for the process by which white blood cells and macrophages engulf and destroy invading organisms?
Phagocytosis
What is the term for the specific immunity developed against individual invading agents such as bacteria, viruses, and toxins?
Adaptive immunity
What is the term for the proteins produced by the immune system to attack and destroy specific invading organisms or toxins?
Immunoglobulins
What is the term for the immune system that forms antibodies and/or activated lymphocytes to attack and destroy specific invading organisms or toxins?
Adaptive immune system
What percentage of plasma proteins do immunoglobulins typically constitute?
20%
What is the term for the designated end of each light and heavy chain in an immunoglobulin?
Variable region
Which class of antibodies has 10 binding sites and is effective in protecting the body against invaders?
IgM
What determines the biological properties of an antibody in tissues, such as adherence to specific structures and passage through membranes?
Constant portion
Which class of antibodies is especially involved in allergy and constitutes only a small percentage of the antibodies?
IgE
What percentage of the antibodies of a normal person does IgG constitute?
75%
What is the result of a person's body responding to a foreign antigen?
The person develops either antibodies or activated T cells
How can temporary immunity be achieved without injecting an antigen?
By transfusing antibodies or activated T cells from someone else
How long do antibodies last in the body of the recipient?
2 to 3 weeks
What is the term for the transfusion of antibodies or T lymphocytes to confer immunity?
Passive immunity
What is the duration of activated T cells transfused from an animal?
A few hours to a few days
What is the main function of antibodies in the human body?
To protect the body against invading agents
What is the process called when antibodies bind multiple large particles with antigens on their surfaces into a clump?
Agglutination
What is the term for the molecular complex of soluble antigen and antibody?
Precipitation
What is the term for the process by which antibodies cover the toxic sites of the antigenic agent?
Neutralization
What is the system that antibodies activate to destroy invading agents?
Complement system
What type of immunity is being discussed in the passage?
Active immunity
This quiz covers the human body's ability to resist infection and disease, including acquired immunity and its development. Topics include the body's natural defenses and the process of building immunity to various pathogens.
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