Injury Evaluation Process Quiz

Study Notes

Injury Evaluation Process

History (HX) Collection
- Assess Mechanism of Injury (MOI)
- Rate pain on a scale of 1-10
- Identify type, location, and duration of pain
- Determine factors that alleviate or exacerbate pain
- Note any sounds associated with the injury
- Consider chronic pain influences such as footwear or activity levels
Observation Stage
- Look for signs of swelling and discoloration (ecchymosis)
- Check for deformities and variations in skin color
- Evaluate muscle tone; watch for atrophy
Palpation Techniques
- Assess point tenderness and swelling
- Observe for deformities and crepitus (grating sensation)
Range of Motion (ROM) Assessment
- Active: Patient moves joint independently
- Passive: Examiner moves the joint
- Resistive: Patient moves against resistance
Special Tests for Specific Injuries
- Conduct targeted tests based on suspected injury type
Neurovascular Assessment
- Check vascular integrity via pulse check
- Evaluate neuro function through capillary refill test

Anatomical Nomenclature

Anatomical Position
- Body standing upright with hands supinated
Directional Terms
- Distal: Further from point of reference
- Proximal: Closer to point of reference
- Anterior: Front side of the body
- Posterior: Back side of the body
- Medial: Towards the midline
- Lateral: Away from the midline
- Superior: Above
- Inferior: Below
Movement Terminology
- Flexion: Decreases angle between body parts
- Extension: Increases angle between body parts
- Abduction: Movement away from midline
- Adduction: Movement towards midline
- Internal Rotation (IR): Rotation towards midline
- External Rotation (ER): Rotation away from midline
- Retraction: Moving towards midline
- Protraction: Moving away from midline
- Supination: Palms facing up
- Pronation: Palms facing down

SOAP Notes Structure

S: Subjective information reported by the patient
O: Objective findings by the examiner
A: Assessment or diagnosis made by the practitioner
P: Plan for treatment

Foot Anatomy and Common Injuries

Foot Structure
- Forefoot includes phalanges (big toe = 1, pinky toe = 5) and metatarsals
- Mid-foot consists of tarsal bones, notably the navicular (keystone of the arch)
- Hind-foot includes the talus and calcaneus
Injury Observations
- Signs include swelling, callus formation, and changes in walking pattern (gait)
- Focus on palpation of the base of the 5th metatarsal and navicular bone
Common Injuries
- Metatarsal Fractures (FX)
  - MOI can be acute (direct blow or twisting) or chronic
  - Symptoms include tenderness, inability to bear weight, and potential deformity
  - Utilize long bone compression test for assessment
- First MTP Joint Sprain (Turf Toe)
  - MOI from acute or chronic hyperextension of the first MTP
  - Symptoms include pain, swelling, and point tenderness
  - Treatment may require a boot or specialized footwear

Ankle Anatomy and Injuries

Ankle Bones
- Talus, calcaneus, fibula (lateral bone), and tibia (medial bone)
Ligaments of Ankle
- Lateral ligaments: Anterior talofibular (ATF), posterior talofibular (PTF), calcaneofibular (CF)
- Medial ligament: Deltoid ligament, and syndesmosis (anterior tibiofibular)
Muscle Function
- Gastrocnemius and soleus contribute to plantar flexion
- Tibialis anterior is responsible for dorsiflexion
Common Ankle Injuries
- Lateral Ankle Sprain (Inversion)
  - MOI involves forced inversion during plantar flexion
  - Symptoms include swelling and tenderness
  - Special tests: Anterior drawer and talar tilt test
  - Treatment plan may include crutches/boot and rehabilitation with RICE protocol (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)

Description

Test your knowledge on the injury evaluation process with this quiz. It covers history taking, observation, and palpation techniques to assess injuries effectively. Perfect for students in sports medicine or healthcare fields.