Injury Classification Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What are the mechanisms of injury?

  • Traumatic
  • Overuse
  • Idiopathic/Insidious
  • All of the above (correct)

What is the definition of a contusion?

  • A compression injury involving blood and lymph accumulation (correct)
  • A tear of a ligament
  • A result of a fracture
  • An inflammation of a bursa

What is the mechanism of injury (MOI) for a contusion?

Direct blow

Ecchymosis is a hemorrhagic spot on skin forming a non-elevated, round or irregular ____ patch.

<p>purple/red/blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may cause ecchymosis?

<p>May be secondary to trauma or associated with disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of hematoma?

<p>Point tenderness, swelling, discolouration, firm mass, limited ROM</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is myositis ossification?

<p>Complication of a muscle hematoma with calcification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of bursitis?

<p>Inflammation of a bursa</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes strains?

<p>Overstretch, overload</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of a Grade 2 strain?

<p>Moderate damage and mild to moderate loss of function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tendinopathy is a general term indicating a tendon pathology characterized by pain, swelling and/or ____ of the tendon.

<p>thickening</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes sprains?

<p>Overstretch/overload (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Injury Classification

  • Injuries can be classified based on mechanism (traumatic, overuse, idiopathic) and timing (acute, chronic, recurrent).
  • Acute injuries result from a sudden incident with a clear cause, while chronic injuries show prolonged healing issues and insidious onset.
  • Recurrent injuries arise after complete healing but may lead to further episodes due to residual instability.

Contusion

  • A contusion is a compression injury characterized by blood accumulation in tissues.
  • Types of contusions include subcutaneous, intramuscular, and periosteal.
  • Mechanism of injury (MOI) typically involves a direct blow.
  • Signs include tenderness, movement pain, swelling, discoloration, and possible hematoma formation.

Ecchymosis

  • Defined as a hemorrhagic spot leading to non-elevated, irregularly shaped purple/red/blue patches on the skin.
  • This condition can occur due to trauma or may be associated with diseases.
  • Generally painless with characteristic discoloration and usually speckled with white.

Hematoma

  • A hematoma refers to a localized collection of clotted blood within tissues.
  • Types include intramuscular, intermuscular, and subperiosteal hematomas.
  • MOI is often direct trauma, resulting in tenderness, swelling, discoloration, and limited range of motion (ROM).

Myositis Ossification

  • A complication arising from muscle hematomas, leading to calcification within the muscle.
  • Caused by direct blows or repetitive trauma.
  • Symptoms may include pain, a firm mass, and limited ROM depending on lesion severity and location.

Bursitis

  • Inflammation of a bursa, which can occur due to direct blow or repetitive friction.
  • Symptoms encompass pain, a painful arc during movement, swelling, heat, and redness.

Strains

  • Defined as stretches or tears of muscles or tendons.
  • Mechanism of injury involves overstretching or excessive load.
  • Symptoms include localized tenderness, tightness, swelling, decreased strength, and possible visible defects.

Strain Grades

  • Grade 1 Strain: Minor stretching, little to no loss of function (LoF), mild pain, and minimal swelling.
  • Grade 2 Strain: Moderate damage, mild to moderate LoF, decreased strength, and possible discoloration/swelling.
  • Grade 3 Strain: Complete tear with substantial LoF, possible initial lack of pain, visible defects, discoloration, and swelling.

Tendinopathy, Tendinosis, and Tendinitis

  • Tendinopathy is a general term for tendon pathologies characterized by pain and swelling.
  • Tendinosis refers specifically to degenerative changes in a tendon without inflammation.
  • Tendinitis indicates the presence of inflammation in a tendon.

Sprains

  • Defined as stretches or tears of ligaments or joint capsules.
  • MOI typically involves overstretching or excessive loads.
  • Symptoms present as tenderness, pain during movement, instability, swelling, edema, and joint laxity.

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