10 Questions
What are the major subsets of CD4+ effector T cells?
Th1 and Th2 cells
How do CD8+ CTLs kill cells infected with viruses?
By releasing perforin and granzymes
What are the mechanisms by which T cells activate macrophages?
Release of interferon-gamma
Which cytokines are associated with Th1 cells?
Interferon-gamma and IL-2
What are the roles of Th2 cells in defense against pathogens?
Defense against extracellular parasites
What is the primary function of CD4+ Treg cells?
Suppression of excessive immune responses
What is the response of macrophages that result in the killing of ingested microbes?
Enhanced production of reactive oxygen species
How do CD4+ cells play a role in killing cells infected with viruses?
By activating CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes
Which cytokines play a role in the activation of macrophages by T cells?
Interferon-gamma and TNF-alpha
What are the types of T lymphocyte–mediated immune reactions that eliminate microbes sequestered in phagocyte vesicles or infected host cells?
Delayed-type hypersensitivity and cytotoxic T cell response
"Quiz: Understanding Inhibitory Receptors in Immune Response Regulation" Test your knowledge of CTLA-4 and PD-1 receptors, their ligand recognition, and their role in terminating T cell responses. Explore the structural similarities with CD28 and their interactions with B7-1, B7-2, PD-L1, and PD-L
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