Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best defines 'reproductive integrity' in the context of cell survival curves?
Which of the following best defines 'reproductive integrity' in the context of cell survival curves?
- The inability of cells to divide and generate a large clone of cells
- The capacity of cells for sustained proliferation
- The ability of cells to divide indefinitely and produce a large number of progeny (correct)
- The loss of a specific function in differentiated cells
What is the dominant mechanism of cell death in most cells?
What is the dominant mechanism of cell death in most cells?
- Reproductive death
- Loss of proliferative capacity
- Apoptosis
- Mitotic death (correct)
What is the mean lethal dose for loss of proliferative capacity in proliferating cells?
What is the mean lethal dose for loss of proliferative capacity in proliferating cells?
- Not mentioned in the text
- Usually less than 2 Gy (correct)
- Approximately 100 Gy
- Depends on the cell type
Which of the following is a characteristic of apoptosis?
Which of the following is a characteristic of apoptosis?
What is the role of autophagy in irradiated cells?
What is the role of autophagy in irradiated cells?
Which factor influences the bystander effect?
Which factor influences the bystander effect?
What is the relationship between chromosomal aberrations and cell survival?
What is the relationship between chromosomal aberrations and cell survival?
Which type of radiation displays a straight line curve, approximating exponential cell killing?
Which type of radiation displays a straight line curve, approximating exponential cell killing?
What is the equation for the single-target/single-hit model?
What is the equation for the single-target/single-hit model?
What is the equation for the multitarget model?
What is the equation for the multitarget model?
What does the α/β ratio represent in the linear-quadratic model?
What does the α/β ratio represent in the linear-quadratic model?
Which phase of the cell cycle is the most resistant to radiation?
Which phase of the cell cycle is the most resistant to radiation?
What is the cell cycle duration for resting mouse skin stem cells?
What is the cell cycle duration for resting mouse skin stem cells?
Which phase of the cell cycle has the second peak of resistance to radiation?
Which phase of the cell cycle has the second peak of resistance to radiation?
Which repair mechanism is more faithful and occurs after replication in the S phase?
Which repair mechanism is more faithful and occurs after replication in the S phase?
Which of the following is true about the effective dose-survival curve in multifraction radiotherapy?
Which of the following is true about the effective dose-survival curve in multifraction radiotherapy?
What is the relationship between D0 and D10 in the effective dose-survival curve?
What is the relationship between D0 and D10 in the effective dose-survival curve?
What is the total dose required to give a 90% chance of tumor cure in a tumor containing 10^8 cells, based on the given effective dose-response curve?
What is the total dose required to give a 90% chance of tumor cure in a tumor containing 10^8 cells, based on the given effective dose-response curve?
If clonogenic cells undergo three cell doublings during treatment, what total dose would be required to achieve the same probability of tumor control as in the previous example?
If clonogenic cells undergo three cell doublings during treatment, what total dose would be required to achieve the same probability of tumor control as in the previous example?
Which phase of the cell cycle shows the greatest resistance to radiation-induced cell killing?
Which phase of the cell cycle shows the greatest resistance to radiation-induced cell killing?
What is the purpose of the G2 checkpoint genes?
What is the purpose of the G2 checkpoint genes?
Which synchronization technique is applicable to monolayer cultures only?
Which synchronization technique is applicable to monolayer cultures only?
What is the characteristic response of Chinese hamster cells to X-rays during the cell cycle?
What is the characteristic response of Chinese hamster cells to X-rays during the cell cycle?
True or false: Cell survival curves illustrate the relationship between radiation dose and cell survival proportion.
True or false: Cell survival curves illustrate the relationship between radiation dose and cell survival proportion.
True or false: Reproductive death refers to the ability of a cell to divide indefinitely and generate a large clone of cells.
True or false: Reproductive death refers to the ability of a cell to divide indefinitely and generate a large clone of cells.
True or false: The mean lethal dose for loss of proliferative capacity in proliferating cells is usually less than 2 Gy.
True or false: The mean lethal dose for loss of proliferative capacity in proliferating cells is usually less than 2 Gy.
True or false: The plating efficiency measures the percentage of cells forming colonies.
True or false: The plating efficiency measures the percentage of cells forming colonies.
True or false: The surviving fraction is calculated by dividing the number of colonies counted by the product of the number of cells seeded and the plating efficiency.
True or false: The surviving fraction is calculated by dividing the number of colonies counted by the product of the number of cells seeded and the plating efficiency.
True or false: The linear-quadratic model describes cell killing with two components, one proportional to dose (αD) and the other proportional to the square of the dose (βD^2).
True or false: The linear-quadratic model describes cell killing with two components, one proportional to dose (αD) and the other proportional to the square of the dose (βD^2).
True or false: The single-target/single-hit model can adequately explain most cell survival data from mammalian cells.
True or false: The single-target/single-hit model can adequately explain most cell survival data from mammalian cells.
True or false: The D0 of the effective dose-survival curve is the dose required to reduce the fraction of surviving cells to 37%.
True or false: The D0 of the effective dose-survival curve is the dose required to reduce the fraction of surviving cells to 37%.
True or false: The total dose for nine decades of cell killing is 62.1 Gy.
True or false: The total dose for nine decades of cell killing is 62.1 Gy.
True or false: Three cell doublings would increase the cell number by 8.
True or false: Three cell doublings would increase the cell number by 8.
True or false: If the D0 is 2.2 Gy and the total dose is 40 Gy, the number of cells remaining is 10^9 × 10^8.
True or false: If the D0 is 2.2 Gy and the total dose is 40 Gy, the number of cells remaining is 10^9 × 10^8.
True or false: Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) are regulatory proteins controlling cell cycle transitions?
True or false: Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) are regulatory proteins controlling cell cycle transitions?
True or false: Dysregulation of the cell cycle can lead to diseases, including cancer?
True or false: Dysregulation of the cell cycle can lead to diseases, including cancer?
True or false: Hydroxyurea is a drug widely used for drug-induced synchronization of cell cultures?
True or false: Hydroxyurea is a drug widely used for drug-induced synchronization of cell cultures?
True or false: The radiosensitivity of mammalian cells peaks in late S phase during the cell cycle?
True or false: The radiosensitivity of mammalian cells peaks in late S phase during the cell cycle?
True or false: Hydroxyurea induces synchronization in S phase cells for at least 4 hours?
True or false: Hydroxyurea induces synchronization in S phase cells for at least 4 hours?
True or false: Mouse jejunum's epithelial lining is a self-renewal tissue?
True or false: Mouse jejunum's epithelial lining is a self-renewal tissue?
True or false: Radiosensitivity is highest in late S phase?
True or false: Radiosensitivity is highest in late S phase?
True or false: The oxygen effect ratio (OER) is lower for cells in G1 compared to cells in S?
True or false: The oxygen effect ratio (OER) is lower for cells in G1 compared to cells in S?
The α/β values indicate the radiosensitivity or radioresistance of cells.
The α/β values indicate the radiosensitivity or radioresistance of cells.
The bystander effect refers to the induction of biological effects in irradiated cells.
The bystander effect refers to the induction of biological effects in irradiated cells.
Apoptosis and mitotic cell death are mutually exclusive processes.
Apoptosis and mitotic cell death are mutually exclusive processes.
Autophagy is always a protective mechanism for cells to survive and generate nutrients and energy.
Autophagy is always a protective mechanism for cells to survive and generate nutrients and energy.
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