Human Behavior and Victimology

Human Behavior and Victomology

• Human behavior is the sum of total man's reaction to his environment.
• Abnormal behavior is defined as "away from" or deviating from normal behavior.

Types of Behavior

• Inherited behavior (natural): behaviors present at birth, such as crying.
• Learned behavior: adaptations of the human being's ability to cope with changes and improve chances of survival.

Factors that Affect Human Behavior (HEL)

• Heredity: inherited traits that influence behavior.
• Environment: surrounding and influences on individual.
• Learning: experiences that shape behavior.

Classification of Human Behavior (CHIS)

• Habitual: behaviors that are repeated regularly.
• Instinctive: unlearned behaviors that are part of human instinct.
• Symbolic: behaviors that use symbols or body signs.
• Complex: behaviors that combine two or more of the classified ones.

Causes of Human Behavior (SPA)

• Sensation: feeling created by a stimulus that leads to a particular reaction.
• Perception: person's knowledge of the stimulus.
• Awareness: interpretation or past experiences.

Attributes of Behavior (DEI-Q)

• Duration: how long a behavior lasts.
• Extensity: size, distance, and location of a behavior.
• Intensity: magnitude or strength of a behavior.
• Quantity: whether a behavior is normal, abnormal, misleading, or unacceptable.

Guidelines for Judging Abnormal Behavior

• Appropriateness: how well a behavior fits a situation.
• Flexibility: normal behavior tends to be flexible.
• Impulsivity: controlled behavior.

Human Interaction (CAP)

• People interact through three psychological positions or behavioral patterns: Parent-Ego State, Adult-Ego State, and Child-Ego State.
• Parent-Ego State: protective, idealistic, evaluative, and righteous.
• Adult-Ego State: based on reason, factual, flexible, and views others as co-equal.
• Child-Ego State: dependent, rebellious, selfish, demanding, impatient, and emotional.

Family

• The basic form of institution in society.
• A family's relationship can influence personality development.
• Types of family structures:
  • Pathogenic Family Structure: associated with high frequency of problems.
  • Inadequate Family: unable to cope with ordinary problems.
  • Anti-social Family: embraces unacceptable values.
  • Discordant or Disturbed Family: non-satisfaction of parents may express feelings of frustration.

Man's 8 Stages of Growth

• 1. Pre-natal stage: composed of ovum, embryo, and fetus periods.
• 2. Infancy Stage: 0-2 years old.
• 3. Babyhood: 2-6 years old.
• 4. Childhood: 2-11 years old, divided into early and late childhood.
• 5. Puberty: 11-12 years old.
• 6. Adolescence: 12-21 years old, divided into early and late adolescence.
• 7. Adulthood: 21-40 years old.
• 8. Middle age: 40-60 years old.
• 9. Old Age (senile): 60 and above.
• Each stage has its accompanying development tasks for maturation and preparation for the next stages.

Factors Affecting Learning (NA-I-RE)

• Motivations: arouse interest towards a goal.
• Reinforcement: use of audio-visual aids, reviews, and drills.
• Extinction: letting something die out or be forgotten.
• Association: linking new information to prior knowledge.