Information Systems Overview Quiz

Information is valuable when it helps people and organizations achieve their goals by improving efficiency and effectiveness.

A system that uses computers to process and manage information. It includes hardware, software, databases, networks, people, and procedures.

The underlying infrastructure of a CBIS, including shared resources such as computers, networks, software, and databases. It provides the foundation for all computer-based information systems within an organization.

An information system that doesn't rely on computers. Examples include manual charts and trend lines used in investment analysis.

Information systems can be either manual or computerized. Each type has its own advantages depending on the task and the needs of the user.

Computer hardware, software, databases, people, and procedures that work together to process information and support business operations.

The physical equipment used in a CBIS, such as computers, servers, scanners, printers, and keyboards.

The programs that control the hardware and process information in a CBIS, such as operating systems, applications, and databases.

Organized collections of related data that are stored and managed electronically.

The people who use and manage the CBIS, including users, managers, developers, and support staff.

The rules, procedures, and policies that guide how the CBIS is used and managed.

The electronic transmission of signals for communication, such as networks, internet, intranet, and extranet.

The world's largest computer network, connecting thousands of interconnected networks to exchange information.

A private network within an organization that allows employees to share information and collaborate on projects.

A network that leverages web technology to allow selected outsiders, like business partners or customers, to access authorized resources of a company's intranet.

A set of interconnected parts that gather, process, store, share data and information to achieve a specific goal.

The raw material or input that an information system processes.

Processed data that has meaning and relevance to the user.

The process of transforming raw data into useful information.

The end result of processing, providing insights or knowledge to the user.

Raw facts and figures that are unprocessed and lack context or meaning. Example: sales figures without context about the product or region.

Processed data that provides context, meaning, and insights. It helps us solve problems and make decisions. Example: comparing sales figures from different regions, revealing which region is performing better.

A collection of logically related tasks performed to transform data into information. Example: a process to calculate average sales per employee, using sales figures and employee data.

The understanding and awareness gained from information. It allows us to make informed decisions and take effective actions. Example: recognizing a sales trend and adjusting marketing strategies based on information.

A collection of data organized to make it meaningful and useful. Example: a sales report showing sales figures for different products, regions, and time periods.

The process of selecting, organizing, and manipulating data to create meaningful information. Example: using sales data to calculate average sales per region or product.

A collection of related data that can be used to answer specific questions or make informed decisions. Example: a database containing information about customers, products, and sales.

The value of information depends on its usefulness in the decision-making process. Example: information about market trends is valuable for making informed marketing decisions.

Characteristics that determine the quality of data. It includes accuracy, completeness, consistency, timeliness, and relevance. Example: accurate sales figures, complete customer data, and timely market trend information.

The ability of an organization to outperform its competitors. This can be achieved using information systems to improve efficiency, offer better products/services, or gain a competitive edge. Example: using online platforms to reach wider customer markets.

A series of activities that involve handling raw materials, processing them, and delivering finished goods to customers.

The process of managing the flow of supplies, information, and goods from raw materials to customers to ensure efficient production and distribution.

A system that focuses on managing relationships and interactions with customers throughout their customer journey.

A shared set of beliefs, values, and assumptions within an organization that guide its behavior and decision-making.

How an organization's shared beliefs, values, and decision-making approaches influence its information systems.

A strategic advantage gained by an organization through the effective use of information technology, resulting in higher product quality, improved customer service and reduced costs.

A model that analyzes competitive forces impacting an industry: rivalry among existing competitors, threat of new entrants, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of suppliers, and threat of substitute products or services.

Strategies for achieving competitive advantage include cost leadership, differentiation, niche strategy, growth in sales, first to market, customizing products/services, hiring top talent, and innovation.

The process of planning, implementing, and managing changes in an organization. This often involves mergers, acquisitions, or significant technological advancements.

Potential negative consequences of designing, developing, or implementing information systems. These could include financial losses, operational disruptions, security breaches, or reputational damage.