4 Questions
Which of the following are examples of data? (Select all that apply)
Sale of goods and services
Information must always be concise and contain the minimum detail necessary.
True
What does an information system ensure about the data that is displayed?
Accurate and understandable for end users
The system consists of components that work together with a common goal to accept __________ and outputs.
inputs
Study Notes
Information System
- Data refers to a number, statement, image, or video that represents specific facts or transactions.
- Examples of data include business transactions, raw facts, and objective measurements of entities.
Data vs. Information
- Information refers to a collection of data that contains useful context for users.
- Characteristics of information include:
- Timeliness: up-to-date information that is not too early or too late.
- Appropriateness: relevant and suitable information for the user.
- Accuracy: correct and precise information.
- Conciseness: brief and minimal information that is necessary for the user.
- Understandability: information that is presented in a clear and easy-to-understand format.
- Completeness: complete information that meets the requirements, avoiding bad decisions.
System Concepts
- A system consists of interrelated components that work together to achieve a common goal.
- Components of a system include:
- Input: data or information added to the system.
- Processing: efficient processing of data.
- Output: processed data or information displayed to the user.
- Feedback: comments or suggestions to improve the system.
- Control: managing operations in every process of the system.
System Boundaries
- System boundaries refer to the scope of activities that are limited for viewing or accessing specific modules of a system.
- Each user has a specific access level to modules based on their role.
Subsystems
- A system consists of subsystems that have different objectives and interactions based on the requirements.
- Subsystems use resources to meet specific objectives.
Subsystem Interface
- The subsystem interface connects each system or subsystem boundary, displaying output from one system to input of another.
System Environment
- The system environment includes people, organizations, and other systems that provide and receive data from the system.
System Feedback
- System feedback is necessary for the system to process accurately and achieve its goals.
Types of Information Systems
- Information systems are a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and display data to support decision-making.
- Types of information systems include:
- Transaction Processing System (TPS)
- Supply Chain Management System (SCMS)
- Customer Relationship Management System (CRMS)
- Business Intelligence System (BIS)
- Decision Support System (DSS)
- Expert Support System (ESS)
Information Systems in Organizations
- Information systems in an organization may consist of hardware, software, people, procedures, and telecommunication.
- Factors affecting the interaction of information systems and organizations include:
- Organization structure
- Business processes
- Culture
- Environment
- Management decisions
Learn the basics of data and information, including definitions and characteristics. Understand how data refers to specific facts or transactions, and information is a collection of data with useful context.
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