Information Systems and Technology Concepts

Week 1

• Moore's Law describes the exponential growth of integrated circuits
• Disruptive technology is an innovation that fundamentally changes an industry
• Businesses can future-proof by anticipating technological advancements

Week 2

• Data, information, knowledge, and wisdom are progressively more complex and valuable concepts.
• The DIKW model and DAKIR model represent the progression of data to wisdom
• Knowledge types include explicit (easily documented) and tacit (personal and hard to transfer).

Week 3

• The DBMS manages a database's data.
• A hierarchy structure is a database organized logically in tables, records, and fields
• A management information system (MIS) is a system that collects, analyzes and presents information.
• Various information systems exist with differing functions for businesses
• Information management involves methods for utilizing data for business
• A CPU performs operations; speed is measured by clock cycles per second, measured in Hertz (Hz)
• RAM, ROM, and secondary storage are different types of computer memory differing in speed and persistence.
• Embedded systems are software for particular devices and appliances
• Real-world examples of embedded systems include: toasters, automobiles, etc.

Week 4

• Levels of abstraction in software represent different views of its design, from high-level conceptual to low-level detailed.
• Differences exist between programming through language compilation and interpretation.
• Application software performs particular tasks; system software operates computers under control of application software
• Examples of the former include: Microsoft Word; examples of the latter include: operating systems (macOS, Windows).
• Open-source software gives users access to code. Advantages include modification and reduced cost. Disadvantages include technical support.

Week 6

• Domain names function as internet addresses.
• ISPs provide internet access.
• Cloud computing models include:
  • PaaS (Platform as a service)
  • SaaS (Software as a service)
  • IaaS (Infrastructure as a service)
• E-commerce types vary, including business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C) models.
• Porter's Five Forces model analyzes industry competition based on competitive rivalry, threat of new entrants, bargaining power of suppliers, and customers, threat of substitutes.

Week 7

• Search Engine Optimization (SEO) methods for improving website search rankings are used.
• Pay-Per-Click (PPC) advertising targets ads to customers based on their behavior or interests

Week 9

• Computer viruses are malicious programs that can infect systems.
• Hackers and crackers have different motivations, with hackers seeking to test security and crackers seeking illegal gains.
• Software development involves stages that include planning, design, implementation, testing, and deployment.

Week 10/11

• GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) outlines rules for data protection.
• Intellectual property rights cover patents, copyrights, trademarks etc.
• Market analysis stages include: environmental analysis, industry analysis, competitive analysis, and target market analysis.

This quiz covers foundational concepts in information systems and technology, including Moore's Law, the DIKW model, and the role of DBMS. Explore how businesses can leverage data and technology for growth and innovation. Test your understanding of how information is managed and its impact on decision-making.