Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a generic strategy for dealing with competitive forces as described in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a generic strategy for dealing with competitive forces as described in the text?
What does the "Focus on market niche" strategy entail?
What does the "Focus on market niche" strategy entail?
Which of the following is an example of a company utilizing the "Low-cost leadership" strategy in the text?
Which of the following is an example of a company utilizing the "Low-cost leadership" strategy in the text?
What does "Mass customization" refer to in the context of product differentiation?
What does "Mass customization" refer to in the context of product differentiation?
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Which company is mentioned as an example of "Focus on market niche" strategy and the information system they use to support it?
Which company is mentioned as an example of "Focus on market niche" strategy and the information system they use to support it?
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Which of these is NOT a force mentioned in Porter's competitive forces model?
Which of these is NOT a force mentioned in Porter's competitive forces model?
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What is the main idea presented in the text about Porter's Competitive Forces Model?
What is the main idea presented in the text about Porter's Competitive Forces Model?
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Which of the following is NOT a factor that can help companies achieve "Low-cost leadership"?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that can help companies achieve "Low-cost leadership"?
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What is a potential outcome of competitors retaliating against a strategic system?
What is a potential outcome of competitors retaliating against a strategic system?
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What is essential for aligning IT with business objectives?
What is essential for aligning IT with business objectives?
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What must change when adopting strategic systems?
What must change when adopting strategic systems?
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What aspect should be considered in a strategic systems analysis?
What aspect should be considered in a strategic systems analysis?
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Which model can be applied to analyze a company’s strategic position?
Which model can be applied to analyze a company’s strategic position?
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What is one way companies can strengthen customer loyalty?
What is one way companies can strengthen customer loyalty?
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How can the Internet create opportunities for businesses?
How can the Internet create opportunities for businesses?
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What is the role of smart products in competitive strategy?
What is the role of smart products in competitive strategy?
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What does the value chain model highlight?
What does the value chain model highlight?
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What is a main benefit of utilizing information systems in the value chain?
What is a main benefit of utilizing information systems in the value chain?
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How does the Internet of Things influence market dynamics?
How does the Internet of Things influence market dynamics?
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Which of the following best describes the concept of switching costs?
Which of the following best describes the concept of switching costs?
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What is a significant effect of increased rivalry due to the Internet?
What is a significant effect of increased rivalry due to the Internet?
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What defines a value web in the context of business partnerships?
What defines a value web in the context of business partnerships?
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How do synergies enhance business performance?
How do synergies enhance business performance?
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What constitutes a core competency of a firm?
What constitutes a core competency of a firm?
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Which strategy emphasizes networking among companies to leverage mutual strengths?
Which strategy emphasizes networking among companies to leverage mutual strengths?
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What is a primary characteristic of a traditional value chain compared to a value web?
What is a primary characteristic of a traditional value chain compared to a value web?
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Which example illustrates the concept of synergy in business?
Which example illustrates the concept of synergy in business?
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What does the virtual company model utilize to function effectively?
What does the virtual company model utilize to function effectively?
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What is the role of information systems in promoting core competencies?
What is the role of information systems in promoting core competencies?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the five competitive forces that shape the fate of a firm?
Which of the following is NOT one of the five competitive forces that shape the fate of a firm?
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In which scenario do new market entrants pose a greater threat to established firms?
In which scenario do new market entrants pose a greater threat to established firms?
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What is a significant concern for firms regarding customers in a competitive marketplace?
What is a significant concern for firms regarding customers in a competitive marketplace?
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How do substitute products influence consumer behavior?
How do substitute products influence consumer behavior?
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What contributes to the market power of suppliers?
What contributes to the market power of suppliers?
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What might increase the competitiveness of traditional competitors?
What might increase the competitiveness of traditional competitors?
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Which of the following accurately describes new market entrants?
Which of the following accurately describes new market entrants?
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In a transparent marketplace, what can customers demand from businesses?
In a transparent marketplace, what can customers demand from businesses?
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What is the primary characteristic of network economics?
What is the primary characteristic of network economics?
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What defines a virtual company in the context of business operations?
What defines a virtual company in the context of business operations?
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Which term describes firms that dominate an ecosystem and create platforms used by others?
Which term describes firms that dominate an ecosystem and create platforms used by others?
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How does the value of software relate to its customer base according to network economics?
How does the value of software relate to its customer base according to network economics?
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What is characteristic of business ecosystems?
What is characteristic of business ecosystems?
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What role does IT play in a business ecosystem?
What role does IT play in a business ecosystem?
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Which firm model manages production and shipment for major companies while outsourcing tasks?
Which firm model manages production and shipment for major companies while outsourcing tasks?
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In an ecosystem strategic model, what is a key aspect of competition?
In an ecosystem strategic model, what is a key aspect of competition?
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Flashcards
Traditional Competitors
Traditional Competitors
Companies within the same industry competing for the same customers.
New Market Entrants
New Market Entrants
New companies entering a market with fresh ideas, resources, and sometimes a lower cost structure.
Substitute Products and Services
Substitute Products and Services
Alternatives that customers can use instead of your products or services.
Customers
Customers
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Suppliers
Suppliers
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Porter's Five Forces
Porter's Five Forces
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Barrier to Entry
Barrier to Entry
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Competitive Advantage
Competitive Advantage
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Porter's Five Forces Model
Porter's Five Forces Model
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Low-cost leadership
Low-cost leadership
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Product Differentiation
Product Differentiation
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Focus on Market Niche
Focus on Market Niche
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Customer and Supplier Intimacy
Customer and Supplier Intimacy
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Mass Customization
Mass Customization
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Hilton Hotels' OnQ System
Hilton Hotels' OnQ System
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Walmart's Efficient Customer Response System
Walmart's Efficient Customer Response System
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Value Web
Value Web
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Core Competency
Core Competency
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Synergies
Synergies
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Network-based Strategies
Network-based Strategies
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Network Economics
Network Economics
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Virtual Company Model
Virtual Company Model
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Business Ecosystem
Business Ecosystem
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Strengthening Customer and Supplier Intimacy
Strengthening Customer and Supplier Intimacy
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The Internet's Impact on Competitive Advantage
The Internet's Impact on Competitive Advantage
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Internet of Things (IoT)
Internet of Things (IoT)
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Smart Products
Smart Products
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Value Chain Model
Value Chain Model
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Primary and Support Activities
Primary and Support Activities
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Benchmarking
Benchmarking
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Industry Best Practices
Industry Best Practices
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Sustaining Competitive Advantage
Sustaining Competitive Advantage
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Strategic Systems Analysis
Strategic Systems Analysis
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Managing Strategic Transitions
Managing Strategic Transitions
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Competitor Retaliation and Imitation
Competitor Retaliation and Imitation
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Systems for Survival
Systems for Survival
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Law of Diminishing Returns
Law of Diminishing Returns
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Virtual Company
Virtual Company
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Keystone Firm
Keystone Firm
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Niche Firm
Niche Firm
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Digital Firm Era
Digital Firm Era
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Ecosystem Strategic Model
Ecosystem Strategic Model
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Study Notes
Agenda
- Agenda for a course on Information Systems, Organizations, and Strategy
- Topics include features of organizations and the impact of information systems on organizations
- Topics also include using information systems to develop competitive strategies
Using Information Systems to Develop Competitive Strategies
- Why do firms become leaders?
- Michael Porter's competitive forces model answers this question
- Competitive Forces Model:
- Provides general view of firm, competitors, and the environment
- Five forces shape firm's fate: traditional competitors, new market entrants, substitute products/services, customers, and suppliers
- Traditional Competitors:
- Firms continuously develop new products, services, and improve efficiency/switching costs.
- New Market Entrants:
- Some industries have high barriers to entry (e.g., computer chips).
- New companies often have new equipment and younger workers but limited brand recognition.
- Substitute Products/Services:
- Customers might switch if prices are too high (e.g., iTunes versus CDs).
- Customers:
- Can easily switch to competitors' products?
- Can they force businesses to compete strictly on price in transparent markets?
- Suppliers:
- Market power of suppliers exists when firms cannot raise prices as quickly as suppliers.
Porter's Competitive Forces Model
- A model illustrating the strategic position of a firm and its strategies
- This includes competition with traditional competitors, and other forces in the industry's environment
- These forces are new market entrants, substitute products, customers, and suppliers
Information System Strategies for Dealing with Competitive Forces
- Four generic strategies enabled by IT: low-cost leadership, product differentiation, focus on market niche, and strengthen customer/supplier intimacy
- Low-cost Leadership:
- Produce products/services at lower prices than competitors
- Example: Walmart's efficient customer response system
- Product Differentiation:
- Enable new products/services, changing customer convenience/experience.
- Example: Mass customization like iPhones or Nike shoes
- Focus on Market Niche:
- Use information systems to focus on a single market niche; specialize
- Example: Hilton Hotels' OnQ system
- Strengthen Customer/Supplier Intimacy:
- Use information systems to build strong ties/loyalty with customers and suppliers.
- Increase switching costs.
- Example: Chrysler, Amazon, Starbucks
The Internet's Impact on Competitive Advantage
- Transformation or threat to some industries (e.g., travel agencies, printed encyclopedias)
- Competitive forces are still at work, but rivalry is more intense
- Universal standards allow new rivals and entrants to the market
- Opportunities for building brands and loyal customer bases
Smart Products and the Internet of Things (IoT)
- Growing use of Internet-connected sensors in products (e.g., smart products like fitness equipment, health trackers)
- Expand product differentiation opportunities
- Increasing rivalry between competitors
- Raise switching costs
- Inhibit new entrants
- May decrease power of suppliers
The Business Value Chain Model
- Firm as a series of activities that add value to products/services
- Highlights activities where competitive strategies are best applied
- Primary vs. support activities.
- Determine how information systems can improve operational efficiency and customer/supplier intimacy.
- Utilize benchmarking, industry best practices.
The Value Chain Model
- Figure provides examples of systems for both primary and support activities of a firm and value partners.
- Systems can add value to products/services.
Extending the Value Chain: The Value Web
- Firm's value chain is linked to value chains of suppliers, distributors, and customers
- Collection of independent firms using highly synchronized IT to coordinate value chains for service/product production.
- More customer-driven, less linear than traditional value chains.
The Value Web
- A networked system that synchronizes business partner value chains to respond rapidly to supply/demand changes
Synergies & Core Competencies
- Information systems can improve business unit performance by promoting synergies and core competencies.
- Synergies:
- Combining units to create greater value, using outputs as inputs
- Examples: Bank of NY and JPMorgan Chase merger, YouTube purchase by Google
- Core Competencies:
- Activities where a firm excels globally
- Relies on knowledge, experience, and firm-wide sharing.
- Example: Procter & Gamble's intranet
Network-based Strategies
- Take advantage of firms' abilities to network with each other.
- Includes network economics, virtual company model, and business ecosystems.
Network Economics
- Traditional economics: Law of diminishing returns
- Marginal cost of adding a new participant is almost zero
- Value grows as the customer base expands.
Virtual Company Model
- Firms network to create and distribute products.
- Not limited by organizational boundaries
- Example: Li & Fung manages production and shipment for major fashion companies by outsourcing to many suppliers.
Business Ecosystems and Platforms
- Industry sets of firms providing related services/products
- Keystone firms dominate, providing platforms for other firms
- Niche firms rely on platforms from keystone firms
- Individual firms can consider how IT can make them profitable niche players in larger ecosystems
- Example: Microsoft Windows (or other similar software)
An Ecosystem Strategic Model
- Digital firms view competition as more dynamic across industries
- Multiple industries work together to deliver customer value
- IT plays a critical role in enabling interactions between firms
Using Information Systems to Develop Competitive Strategies
- Maintaining competitive advantage
- Aligning IT with business objectives
- Performing strategic analysis of industry structure
- Managing strategic transitions (changes in business goals, customer/supplier relations, business processes)
Homework
- Read chapter 3, including case studies
- Complete T3-2 (read learning track 1 of chapter 3)
- Complete T3-3 (analyze a company's five forces and value chain models)
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Description
Explore the key concepts in using information systems to develop competitive strategies within organizations. This quiz delves into Michael Porter's competitive forces model and examines the impact of traditional competitors and new market entrants. Enhance your understanding of how firms can leverage information systems for a strategic advantage.