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Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of a systems analyst in an organization?
What is the primary role of a systems analyst in an organization?
Which of the following best describes application software?
Which of the following best describes application software?
Which phase is NOT part of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
Which phase is NOT part of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
What primary change occurred in the 1980s regarding systems analysis and design?
What primary change occurred in the 1980s regarding systems analysis and design?
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What is the main focus of system development methodologies?
What is the main focus of system development methodologies?
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Which decade saw the emergence of procedural third generation languages (3GL)?
Which decade saw the emergence of procedural third generation languages (3GL)?
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What is the primary purpose of the planning phase in the SDLC?
What is the primary purpose of the planning phase in the SDLC?
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Which development approach focuses on faster and more reliable computer systems?
Which development approach focuses on faster and more reliable computer systems?
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What does object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) primarily focus on?
What does object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) primarily focus on?
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What is a project manager responsible for in a project?
What is a project manager responsible for in a project?
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What is the main purpose of a feasibility study in the context of systems projects?
What is the main purpose of a feasibility study in the context of systems projects?
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Which of the following is NOT an advantage of coding and testing in eXtreme Programming?
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of coding and testing in eXtreme Programming?
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What do arrows represent in a network diagram?
What do arrows represent in a network diagram?
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Which of the following is a key difference between Gantt charts and network diagrams?
Which of the following is a key difference between Gantt charts and network diagrams?
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What is an object class in object-oriented analysis and design?
What is an object class in object-oriented analysis and design?
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In a network diagram, how are activities represented?
In a network diagram, how are activities represented?
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What type of project is characterized as a planned undertaking with specific beginning and ending points?
What type of project is characterized as a planned undertaking with specific beginning and ending points?
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What is primarily illustrated by a Gantt chart?
What is primarily illustrated by a Gantt chart?
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What does the term 'deliverable' refer to in project management?
What does the term 'deliverable' refer to in project management?
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Which statement is true about project management tools like Gantt charts and network diagrams?
Which statement is true about project management tools like Gantt charts and network diagrams?
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Which aspect of inheritance in object-oriented design allows subclasses to inherit properties from superclasses?
Which aspect of inheritance in object-oriented design allows subclasses to inherit properties from superclasses?
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What is the purpose of a Baseline Project Plan?
What is the purpose of a Baseline Project Plan?
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What action is involved in the Project Execution phase?
What action is involved in the Project Execution phase?
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Which of the following is NOT a responsibility outlined in developing a Communication Plan?
Which of the following is NOT a responsibility outlined in developing a Communication Plan?
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How do Gantt charts differ from Network diagrams?
How do Gantt charts differ from Network diagrams?
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What is a key action to take during the Project Closedown phase?
What is a key action to take during the Project Closedown phase?
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What is the main focus of the actions in the Project Execution phase?
What is the main focus of the actions in the Project Execution phase?
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What does the term 'slack time' refer to in Gantt charts?
What does the term 'slack time' refer to in Gantt charts?
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Which method is used to display task dependencies?
Which method is used to display task dependencies?
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What characterizes the traditional waterfall Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
What characterizes the traditional waterfall Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
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Which is a notable issue with the waterfall approach?
Which is a notable issue with the waterfall approach?
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What are Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools primarily used for?
What are Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools primarily used for?
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How do analysis tools within CASE tools function?
How do analysis tools within CASE tools function?
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What is a significant drawback of focusing heavily on milestones in the waterfall SDLC?
What is a significant drawback of focusing heavily on milestones in the waterfall SDLC?
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Which of the following is a benefit of using documentation generators in CASE tools?
Which of the following is a benefit of using documentation generators in CASE tools?
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Which of these methodologies is NOT specifically mentioned as an alternative to the traditional waterfall approach?
Which of these methodologies is NOT specifically mentioned as an alternative to the traditional waterfall approach?
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What functionality do code generators within CASE tools primarily provide?
What functionality do code generators within CASE tools primarily provide?
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Study Notes
Information Systems Analysis and Design
- Complex organizational process aimed at developing and maintaining computer-based information systems.
- Involves collaboration among a team of business and systems professionals.
Application Software
- Refers to software designed specifically to support organizational functions or processes.
Systems Analyst
- Primary role in analyzing and designing information systems within an organization.
Evolution of Systems Analysis and Design
- 1950s: Focus on automating existing processes for efficiency.
- 1960s: Introduction of procedural third-generation languages (3GL) aiding reliability and speed.
- 1970s: System development began resembling engineering disciplines.
- 1980s: Emergence of 4GL, CASE tools, and object-oriented methods.
- 1990s: Emphasis on system integration, graphical user interfaces (GUI), client/server platforms, and the Internet.
- 2000s: Development of web applications, introduction of wireless devices, and component-based applications.
System Development Methodology
- A standardized process for analyzing, designing, implementing, and maintaining information systems.
Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
- A traditional methodology comprising the phases of planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance.
Traditional Waterfall SDLC
- Each phase begins upon completion of the previous phase, minimizing backtracking and looping.
Issues with the Waterfall Approach
- Feedback is often disregarded; design specifications lock in too early, limiting adaptability.
- Inadequate user involvement confined to the requirements phase.
- Overemphasis on meeting milestone deadlines compromises sound development practices.
Alternatives for Improvement
- CASE Tools: Assist with graphical representation and system prototyping.
- Rapid Application Development (RAD): Focuses on rapid prototyping and iterative development.
- Agile Methodologies: Emphasize adaptive planning and evolutionary development.
- eXtreme Programming: Integrates coding and testing for improved collaboration and productivity.
Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) Tools
- Provide diagramming tools for graphical representation and prototypes to visualize system look and feel.
- Analysis tools ensure consistent diagram accuracy; central repositories store integrated project documents.
- Documentation generators standardize technical documentation while code generators automatically produce program code from design documents.
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD)
- Centers on objects encapsulating real-world attributes and behaviors.
- Object Class: Logical grouping of similar objects.
- Inheritance: Allows subclasses to inherit properties from superclasses, forming a hierarchical class structure.
Project Management in Information Systems
- Project: A series of related activities with a defined beginning and end.
- Project Management: Involves initiating, planning, executing, and closing projects.
- Project Manager: A systems analyst skilled in management, leadership, technical aspects, and customer relations.
System Service Request (SSR)
- A formal request for systems development work within an organization.
Feasibility Study
- Determines whether a proposed system is economically viable and operationally practical.
Communication Plan Development
- Identifies stakeholders, their information needs, timing for information delivery, and channels for communication.
Baseline Project Plan
- Estimates project tasks and resource requirements; updated as new information arises during execution.
Project Execution Phase
- Implements the baseline project plan and monitors progress to manage changes effectively and communicate status.
Project Close Down Phase
- Involves formally ending the project, conducting post-project reviews, and closing any existing contracts.
Project Scheduling Tools
- Gantt Charts: Visualize task durations, overlaps, and slack time.
- Network Diagrams: Illustrate task dependencies and parallelism, excluding explicit timing.
- PERT Calculations: Evaluate project timelines and critical paths using statistical analysis.
- Project Management Software: Assists in organizing and managing project details more efficiently.
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Description
Explore the foundational concepts of information systems analysis and design in this introductory quiz. Learn about the complex organizational processes and methodologies used by professionals to develop and maintain computer-based information systems. Test your understanding of the roles played by business and systems professionals in this field.