Information Sources and Text Types

Primary Sources: Authentic, firsthand materials such as speeches, original photographs, and government records.
Secondary Sources: Interpretations and analyses of primary sources, including critiques and historical accounts.
Tertiary Sources: Collections that compile primary and secondary sources like bibliographies and encyclopedias.

Linear Text: Structured for sequential reading, commonly found in stories and novels.
Non-linear Text: Allows for non-sequential reading, utilizing diagrams, charts, and other visual representations.
Transcoding: The process of converting between linear text and non-linear formats.

Cause-and-Effect Diagram: Visual representation showing relationships, such as a Fishbone diagram.
Venn Diagram: Illustrates similarities and differences between multiple subjects.
Flow Diagram: Depicts the sequence of events in a process.
Graphic Organizer: Offers a visual display of information, including concept maps and charts.

Characters: Include protagonists (main characters) and antagonists (characters in opposition).
Characterization: The method of detailing character traits and attributes.
Plot: Comprises the structure of a story: exposition, conflict, climax, falling action, and resolution.
Setting: Encompasses time, location, weather, social conditions, and overall mood.

Analytical Listening: Involves active engagement with the audio material for comprehension and feedback.
Stages of Listening: Includes receiving the message, understanding it, evaluating the content, responding, and remembering key points.

Content: Assesses the relevance and importance of the subject matter.
Cohesion: Measures the organization and logical flow of the text.
Grammar: Involves the study of language structure and syntax correctness.
Mechanics: Focuses on punctuation, capitalization, and overall adherence to writing conventions.
Word Choice: Evaluates the appropriateness and clarity of language used.
Tone: Reflects the emotional expression and attitude of the text.

Fluency: Considers pronunciation, speed of delivery, and accuracy in comprehension.
Tone: Captures the emotions conveyed through the speaker's voice.
Volume: Refers to the loudness or softness of the audio.
Pitch: Involves intonation and the highs and lows of the speaker's voice.
Speed: Indicators of how fast the delivery occurs.
Cohesion: Evaluates how well the ideas are organized and connected.
Correctness: Checks for grammatical accuracy and the precision of concepts presented.

Primary Sources: Authentic, firsthand materials such as speeches, original photographs, and government records.
Secondary Sources: Interpretations and analyses of primary sources, including critiques and historical accounts.
Tertiary Sources: Collections that compile primary and secondary sources like bibliographies and encyclopedias.

Linear Text: Structured for sequential reading, commonly found in stories and novels.
Non-linear Text: Allows for non-sequential reading, utilizing diagrams, charts, and other visual representations.
Transcoding: The process of converting between linear text and non-linear formats.

Cause-and-Effect Diagram: Visual representation showing relationships, such as a Fishbone diagram.
Venn Diagram: Illustrates similarities and differences between multiple subjects.
Flow Diagram: Depicts the sequence of events in a process.
Graphic Organizer: Offers a visual display of information, including concept maps and charts.

Characters: Include protagonists (main characters) and antagonists (characters in opposition).
Characterization: The method of detailing character traits and attributes.
Plot: Comprises the structure of a story: exposition, conflict, climax, falling action, and resolution.
Setting: Encompasses time, location, weather, social conditions, and overall mood.

Analytical Listening: Involves active engagement with the audio material for comprehension and feedback.
Stages of Listening: Includes receiving the message, understanding it, evaluating the content, responding, and remembering key points.

Content: Assesses the relevance and importance of the subject matter.
Cohesion: Measures the organization and logical flow of the text.
Grammar: Involves the study of language structure and syntax correctness.
Mechanics: Focuses on punctuation, capitalization, and overall adherence to writing conventions.
Word Choice: Evaluates the appropriateness and clarity of language used.
Tone: Reflects the emotional expression and attitude of the text.

Fluency: Considers pronunciation, speed of delivery, and accuracy in comprehension.
Tone: Captures the emotions conveyed through the speaker's voice.
Volume: Refers to the loudness or softness of the audio.
Pitch: Involves intonation and the highs and lows of the speaker's voice.
Speed: Indicators of how fast the delivery occurs.
Cohesion: Evaluates how well the ideas are organized and connected.
Correctness: Checks for grammatical accuracy and the precision of concepts presented.