Information Security: Attacks, Threats, and Impacts
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used for hackers who use expertly written software to exploit a system?

  • Ethical hackers
  • Script kiddies (correct)
  • Black Hats
  • White Hats

    • What is the primary goal of attackers according to the text?

  • To escalate their privileges and exploit a system (correct)
  • To protest and challenge the system
  • To evaluate a system's weaknesses ethically
  • To target a system and gather information

    • Why do hackers need to possess skills in programming, networking protocols, and operating systems?

  • To gather information and challenge themselves
  • To evaluate system weaknesses ethically
  • To write offensive code, move laterally within networks, and manipulate core services (correct)
  • To make money and express ideas

    • What is the term used for computer criminals according to the text?

    <p>Black Hats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the subculture that has evolved around hackers often referred to as?

    <p>The computer underground</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used for hackers of limited skill who use expertly written software to exploit a system?

    <p>Script kiddies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for individuals who use automated exploits and have limited hacking skills?

    <p>Script kiddies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for employees who are among the greatest threats to an organisation's data?

    <p>Human error or failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes are included in human error or failure as per the text?

    <p>Inexperience, improper training, and incorrect assumptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for attackers' goals according to the text?

    <p>To escalate their privileges and exploit a system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a 'threat' in the context of information security?

    <p>A potential risk to an asset’s loss of value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of an 'attack' in the context of information security?

    <p>An intentional or unintentional act that can damage information and systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an 'exploit' in the context of information security?

    <p>A technique used to compromise a system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a 'threat' in information security?

    <p>Technological Obsolescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a 'vulnerability' in the context of information security?

    <p>A potential weakness in an asset or its defensive control system(s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a 'hacker' in the context of information security?

    <p>Explores methods for breaching defenses and exploits weaknesses in a computer system or network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What motivates hackers according to the text?

    <p>To explore methods for breaching defenses and exploits weaknesses in a computer system or network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does overall security improvement lead to, according to the text?

    <p>Increase in number of potential hackers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a 'threat actor' in information security?

    <p>Hacker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'cyber espionage' refer to?

    <p>Theft of intellectual property</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mission of an information security program according to the lecture?

    <p>To ensure information assets remain safe and useful</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the lecture, what is the constant concern in the context of information security?

    <p>Threat of attacks on information systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four important functions of information security for an organization according to the lecture?

    <p>Protecting the organization’s ability to function, data and information, enabling safe operation of applications, improving IT systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the lecture, what does the primary mission of an information security program enable when there are no threats?

    <p>Exclusive use of resources to improve systems containing information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of information security in enabling the safe operation of applications according to the lecture?

    <p>Preventing unauthorized access to data and applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the lecture, what problem does information security aim to address?

    <p>Threat of attacks on information systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of implementing information security according to the text?

    <p>Facilitating a security program for management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum fine under GDPR for organisations that infringe its requirements?

    <p>Up to €20 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key step in risk management involving the examination and documentation of an organisation's information technology and the risks it faces?

    <p>Risk identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of security management as per the text?

    <p>To ensure critical assets are sufficiently protected in a cost-effective manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of identifying risk, assessing its relative magnitude, and taking steps to reduce it to an acceptable level known as?

    <p>Risk control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern before the design of new security solutions can begin according to the text?

    <p>Current state of the organisation and its relationship to security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) in the UK focus on?

    <p>Promoting openness by public bodies and data privacy for individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the critical aspect mentioned in relation to protecting data according to the text?

    <p>Protecting data in transmission, processing, and at rest (storage)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    9

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    What is the primary goal of the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) in the UK?

    <p>Promoting openness by public bodies and data privacy for individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum fine under the GDPR for organizations that infringe its requirements?

    <p>Up to 4% of annual global turnover or €20 million – whichever is greater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the critical aspect mentioned in relation to protecting data according to the text?

    <p>Transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of examining and documenting the security posture of an organization’s information technology and the risks it faces known as?

    <p>Risk identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the key steps in risk management mentioned in the text?

    <p>Risk identification, Risk assessment, Risk control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern before the design of new security solutions can begin according to the text?

    <p>Understanding the current state of the organisation and its relationship to security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of security risk assessment according to the text?

    <p>Determines the extent to which an organization’s information assets are exposed to risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is risk management in the context of information security?

    <p>Process of identifying risk and assessing its relative magnitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mission of an information security program according to the lecture?

    <p>Protecting data without which an organisation loses its record of transactions and ability to deliver value to customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does overall security improvement lead to, according to the text?

    <p>Application of controls that reduce the risks to an organization’s information systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a 'threat' in information security?

    <p>Suspending data transfers to third countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

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